Static Electricity MCQ 2

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Questions and Answers

What is the formula for electrosatic force?

  • F = ma
  • F = mg
  • F = Q1Q2/4πEd^2 (correct)
  • F = Q

What happens when like charges interact with each other?

  • They neutralize each other
  • They move towards the nucleus
  • They attract each other
  • They repel each other (correct)

Which process causes polythene to become negatively charged?

  • Heating it in a furnace
  • Dipping it in water
  • Exposing it to light
  • Rubbing it against cloth (correct)

What is a conductor?

<p>A substance through which charge can flow (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is point discharge primarily associated with?

<p>A very sharp point (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the gold leaf electroscope help to identify?

<p>Size of a charge (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the permittivity of the medium surrounding charges affect the electrostatic force?

<p>Inversely proportional (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario is the electric force the greatest?

<p>In a vacuum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an electric field line?

<p>A line showing the direction a positive charge would move (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does electric field strength measure at a point in an electric field?

<p>The force per unit charge at that point (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for electric filed strenght?

<p>E = F/Q (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Electric Charge

  • Electric charge (Q or q) determines if a body has more or less electrons than protons.
  • The unit of charge is coulomb (C).

Atomic Structure

  • An atom consists of three particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons.
  • Protons and neutrons are located in the centre of the atom, while electrons orbit the nucleus.

Charge Interactions

  • Like charges repel each other, while unlike charges attract each other.
  • Rubbing cloth and polythene causes polythene to become negatively charged, while rubbing cloth against perplex causes perplex to become positively charged.

Conductors and Insulators

  • A conductor is any substance that allows electric charge to flow through it.
  • An insulator is any substance that prevents electric charge from flowing through it.
  • All static charges reside on the outside of a conductor.

Static Charge on Conductors

  • Static charge on a conductor tends to accumulate where the conductor is most pointed.
  • Point discharge occurs at a very sharp point due to charge density, resulting in a strong electric field being created.

Ions and Charge Neutralization

  • Ions are both attracted and repelled, neutralizing the object.
  • This can be demonstrated by showing the effect of the 'electric wind' created on a naked flame.

Gold Leaf Electroscope

  • The gold leaf electroscope is used to detect small charges, estimate the size of a charge, identify the sign of the charge, and distinguish between a conductor and insulator.
  • It consists of multiple components, including a thin gold leaf placed close to a metal rod.
  • If the gold leaf and metal rod are charged with the same sign, they repel each other.

Coulomb's Law

  • The force between two point charges is proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
  • Unit = newton (N)
  • The size of the force is the same on each body, and the force is along the line between them.

Factors Affecting Electrostatic Force

  • One of the factors affecting the size of the electrostatic force is the permittivity () of the medium surrounding the charges.
  • If the permittivity is low, the force is big; permittivity and force are inversely proportional.
  • The force is greatest when the charges are in a vacuum.

Electric Field

  • An electric field is any region of space where a static electric charge experiences a force other than the force of gravity.
  • An electric field line is the line along which a positive charge would move if placed in the electric field.
  • The electric field strength (E) at a point in an electric field is the force per unit positive charge at that point.
  • S.I. Unit = newton per coulomb (N C-1) or volt per meter (V/m).

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