States of Matter

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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic of particles in a solid?

  • They have a lot of kinetic energy.
  • They are widely spaced and free to move in any direction.
  • They are close together but free to move past each other.
  • They vibrate in place but do not change position. (correct)

What is the term for the change of state from a liquid to a gas?

  • Freezing
  • Evaporation (correct)
  • Melting
  • Condensation

What is an example of a plasma?

  • Ice
  • Air
  • Neon signs (correct)
  • Water

What is the term for the change of state from a solid directly to a gas?

<p>Sublimation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a liquid?

<p>It takes the shape of its container. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the change of state from a gas to a liquid?

<p>Condensation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a gas?

<p>It takes the shape and volume of its container. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

States of Matter

Solid

  • Has a fixed shape and volume
  • Particles are closely packed and have a regular arrangement
  • Particles vibrate in place but do not change position
  • Examples: rocks, metals, ice

Liquid

  • Takes the shape of its container
  • Has a fixed volume but not a fixed shape
  • Particles are close together but are free to move past each other
  • Examples: water, oil, juice

Gas

  • Takes the shape and volume of its container
  • Particles are widely spaced and are free to move in any direction
  • Particles have a lot of kinetic energy
  • Examples: air, helium, oxygen

Plasma

  • A high-energy state of matter where atoms are ionized
  • Electrons are free to move about, creating a collection of charged particles
  • Found naturally in stars and lightning
  • Examples: neon signs, plasma TVs

Phase Transitions

  • Changes of state from one phase to another
  • Can be caused by changes in temperature or pressure
  • Types of phase transitions:
    • Melting: solid → liquid
    • Freezing: liquid → solid
    • Evaporation: liquid → gas
    • Condensation: gas → liquid
    • Sublimation: solid → gas
    • Deposition: gas → solid

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