7 Questions
What is a characteristic of particles in a solid?
They vibrate in place but do not change position.
What is the term for the change of state from a liquid to a gas?
Evaporation
What is an example of a plasma?
Neon signs
What is the term for the change of state from a solid directly to a gas?
Sublimation
What is a characteristic of a liquid?
It takes the shape of its container.
What is the term for the change of state from a gas to a liquid?
Condensation
What is a characteristic of a gas?
It takes the shape and volume of its container.
Study Notes
States of Matter
Solid
- Has a fixed shape and volume
- Particles are closely packed and have a regular arrangement
- Particles vibrate in place but do not change position
- Examples: rocks, metals, ice
Liquid
- Takes the shape of its container
- Has a fixed volume but not a fixed shape
- Particles are close together but are free to move past each other
- Examples: water, oil, juice
Gas
- Takes the shape and volume of its container
- Particles are widely spaced and are free to move in any direction
- Particles have a lot of kinetic energy
- Examples: air, helium, oxygen
Plasma
- A high-energy state of matter where atoms are ionized
- Electrons are free to move about, creating a collection of charged particles
- Found naturally in stars and lightning
- Examples: neon signs, plasma TVs
Phase Transitions
- Changes of state from one phase to another
- Can be caused by changes in temperature or pressure
- Types of phase transitions:
- Melting: solid → liquid
- Freezing: liquid → solid
- Evaporation: liquid → gas
- Condensation: gas → liquid
- Sublimation: solid → gas
- Deposition: gas → solid
Learn about the different states of matter, including solid, liquid, gas, and plasma, and understand phase transitions. Examples and characteristics of each state are provided.
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