States of Matter and Solutions Quiz

Clue 1: States of Matter

• Water exists in three states: solid, liquid, and gas.
• Solid (ice) - freezing point: 0°C
• Liquid (water) - boiling point: 100°C
• Gas (steam) - boiling point: 100°C
• The temperature at which water boils is 100°C
• Using this temperature, first code can be determined

Clue 2: Water as a Solvent (Solutions and Solubility)

• Salt's solubility in water at room temperature (25°C): Specific value needed
• Sugar's solubility in water at room temperature (25°C): Specific value needed
• Finding the correct solubility values for salt and sugar (in grams/100 mL of water) is required.
• The specific solubility values (in grams) will unlock the next code.

Clue 3: Chemical Reactions (Reactants and Products)

• Hydrochloric acid (HCl) reacts with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3)
• This reaction forms carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O), and sodium chloride (NaCl).
• Balanced chemical equation: NaHCO3 + HCl → NaCl + H2O + CO2
• Four products form when these reactants meet.
• This reaction result code unlock.

Clue 4: Density and Buoyancy (Properties of Minerals)

• Materials with density less than water's (1g/cm³) will float.
• Lead: density = 11.34 g/cm³
• Aluminum: density = 2.70 g/cm³
• Wood: density = 0.70 g/cm³
• Wood will float in water.
• Using the floating material as next code

Clue 5: Acids and Bases (pH scale)

• Substances with a pH less than 7 are acidic.
• Substances with a pH greater than 7 are basic.
• Substances with a pH of 7 are neutral.
• pH of vinegar is less than 7.
• The pH level (value) for vinegar is the next code.

Clue 6: Phase Changes and Energy (Latent Heat)

• The latent heat of fusion of water: 334 J/g
• To melt 1 kg (1000g) of ice, the formula: Energy = mass x latent heat
• Calculating the energy needed to melt 1 kg of ice will be your final code (in Joules).