States of Matter and Changes of State
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Questions and Answers

How does a solid look like?

Tightly packed particles.

How does a liquid look like?

Particles are packed together but can flow.

How does a gas look like?

Particles are far apart and compressible.

Does a solid flow?

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Does a fluid flow?

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Does a gas flow?

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of space between particles does a solid have?

<p>Tightly packed, not easily compresible</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of space between particles does a fluid have?

<p>Packed together, not easily compresible</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of space between particles does a gas have?

<p>Huge spaces, compresable</p> Signup and view all the answers

Does a solid have a definite shape and volume?

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Does a liquid have a definite shape and volume?

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Does a gas have a definite shape and volume?

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does WHMIS stand for?

<p>Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four principles of the Particle Model of Matter?

<ol> <li>All substances are made up of tiny particles. 2. The particles have spaces between them. 3. The particles are always moving. 4. The particles are attracted to one another.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What do you call the process when a solid turns into a gas or gas turns into a solid?

<p>Sublimation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of solid to liquid called?

<p>Melting/Fusion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of liquid to solid called?

<p>Freezing/Solidification.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of gas to liquid called?

<p>Condensation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of liquid to gas called?

<p>Vaporization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a fluid?

<p>Any substance that flows and has no fixed shape.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a pure substance?

<p>A substance in which there is only one type of particle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are elements?

<p>All the same type of atom.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are compounds?

<p>Made of two or more different atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a homogeneous mixture?

<p>Appears to be one substance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a heterogeneous mixture?

<p>Two or more parts can be seen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a suspension?

<p>Parts will settle slowly after mixing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a colloid?

<p>Cloudy droplets that don't separate easily.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an emulsion?

<p>A mixture of two liquids that usually do not mix together.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is dissolving?

<p>Forming a solution by mixing two or more materials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does soluble mean?

<p>Able to be dissolved.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a solute?

<p>The substance that is dissolved.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a solvent?

<p>The substance in which the solute dissolves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is solubility?

<p>How much a solute can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a certain temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does insoluble mean?

<p>Unable to dissolve.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the rate of dissolving?

<p>How fast a solute dissolves in a solvent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does unsaturated mean?

<p>More of the solute could dissolve in a specific amount of solvent at the same temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does saturated mean?

<p>No more solute will dissolve in a specific amount of solvent at a specific temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does supersaturated mean?

<p>A solution with more solute than normally.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the saturation point?

<p>The point at which no more solute can be dissolved.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is viscosity?

<p>A fluid's thickness or thinness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is flow rate?

<p>How fast a fluid flows.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is buoyancy?

<p>The tendency of a material to rise or float in a fluid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does neutral buoyancy mean?

<p>The force of gravity equals the buoyant force.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is pressure?

<p>Force applied to a given area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Compresable

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Incompresable

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is compressed gas?

<p>Gases under pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does toxic mean?

<p>Causing death by oral, dermal, or inhalation exposure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a health hazard?

<p>Cancer-causing agent or organ damage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The Particle Model of Matter

  • The particle model of matter states that all substances are made up of tiny particles that have spaces between them, are always moving, and are attracted to each other.

States of Matter

  • Solid: Tightly packed particles with little space between them, resulting in a definite shape and volume. Solid particles move in a fixed position, and are not easily compressed.
  • Liquid: Particles have more space between them than solids, allowing for a definite volume but no fixed shape. Liquids flow easily and are not easily compressed.
  • Gas: Particles have wide spaces between them and move freely, resulting in no fixed shape and volume. Gases are easily compressible.

Changes of State

  • Sublimation: The process where a solid turns directly into a gas or vice versa.
  • Melting/Fusion: The process where a solid turns into a liquid.
  • Freezing/Solidification: The process where a liquid turns into a solid.
  • Condensation: The process where a gas turns into a liquid.
  • Vaporization: The process where a liquid turns into a gas.

Pure Substances

  • Pure Substance: Contains only one type of particle.
  • Element: A pure substance composed of only one type of atom.
  • Compound: A pure substance composed of two or more types of atoms.

Mixtures

  • Homogeneous Mixture (solution): Appears to be one substance, the components are evenly distributed at a molecular level.
  • Heterogeneous Mixture: Two or more parts can be seen.
  • Suspension: Parts will settle slowly after mixing.
  • Colloid: Cloudy droplets are so small that they don't separate easily.
  • Emulsion: A mixture of two liquids that usually do not mix together.

Dissolving

  • Dissolving: Forming a solution by mixing two or more materials.
  • Soluble: Able to be dissolved.
  • Solute: The substance that is dissolved.
  • Solvent: The substance in which the solute dissolves.
  • Solubility: How much a solute can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a certain temperature.
  • Insoluble: Unable to dissolve.
  • Rate of Dissolving: How fast a solute dissolves in a solvent.
  • Unsaturated: More of the solute could dissolve in a specific amount of solvent at the same temperature.
  • Saturated: No more solute will dissolve in a specific amount of solvent at a specific temperature.
  • Supersaturated: A solution with more solute than normally.
  • Saturation Point: The point at which no more solute can be dissolved.

Properties of Fluids

  • Viscosity: The thickness or thinness of a fluid.
  • Flow rate: How fast a fluid flows.
  • Buoyancy: The tendency of a material to rise or float in a fluid.
  • Neutral Buoyancy: When the force of gravity equals the buoyant force.
  • Pressure: Force applied to a given area.
  • Compressible: Capable of being squeezed into a smaller volume.
  • Incompressible: Not capable of being squeezed into a smaller volume.

Compressed Gas

  • Compressed Gas: Gases under pressure.

WHMIS

  • WHMIS: Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System.

Hazardous Material Safety

  • Hazardous Materials: Substances that can cause death, toxicity (oral, dermal, inhalation), health hazards (cancer, organ damage), and other dangerous effects.

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Science Particle Model of Matter PDF

Description

Explore the fundamentals of the particle model of matter, including the three main states: solid, liquid, and gas. This quiz will cover the characteristics of each state and the processes of changes between them, such as melting, freezing, and sublimation.

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