Stages of Combustion Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of fire in ecology?

  • To reset succession (correct)
  • To prevent colonization
  • To maintain community structure
  • To promote biodiversity

    • In terms of oxidation, how does fire differ from rusting and decomposition?

  • Fire reactions are exothermic (correct)
  • Fire reactions are slower
  • Rusting and decomposition release more heat
  • Rusting and decomposition involve combustion

    • When did the idea of fire ecology become a recognized field of study?

  • 1935
  • 1962 (correct)
  • 1866
  • Recently

    • How does the removal of fire act as a disturbance in an ecosystem?

    <p>It shifts community structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bonds contain less potential energy and therefore release less energy during combustion?

    <p>H-O-H bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process involves the thermal degradation of fuel into smaller components that eventually burn?

    <p>Pyrolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of combustion is heat absorbed?

    <p>Endothermic stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase marks the transition to combustion in the process described?

    <p>Ignition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of smoldering combustion?

    <p>Presence of smoke and no flames</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of combustion does not have enough heat to maintain the combustion process?

    <p>Extinction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates flaming combustion from smoldering combustion?

    <p>Presence of flames and no smoke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the flame to appear when the wind blows during combustion?

    <p>High presence of oxygen (O2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of heat transfer is described as occurring below a flame?

    <p>Conduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first stage of wood combustion discussed in the text?

    <p>Pre-heat stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of wood is highlighted as affecting the combustion process in the text?

    <p>Cellulose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process occurs after char combustion in wood combustion stages?

    <p>Ash</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if the percentage of O2 in the atmosphere is less than 16%?

    <p>It becomes harder for things to burn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of combustion is responsible for drying the material before breakdown begins?

    <p>Dries material phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main source of heat to continue combustion during the process?

    <p>From the previous reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of material is the only one that creates flames during combustion?

    <p>Gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bonds contain less potential energy and therefore release less energy during combustion?

    <p>H-O-H bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for taking a liquid and bringing it to a gas stage in the combustion process?

    <p>Volatilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of combustion involves the transition to combustion and is considered an exothermic stage?

    <p>Ignition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main source of energy release from combustion according to the text?

    <p>O2 breaking in the reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates the combustion process known as 'glowing' from 'smoldering'?

    <p>Glowing involves no smoke, while smoldering does.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did some parts of the material not burn completely?

    <p>The material was too wet to burn efficiently.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the presence of flames during combustion when the wind blows?

    <p>The wind creates more oxygen for combustion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the text, what is the primary role of oxygen in combustion?

    <p>To sustain and support the combustion process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stage of wood combustion involves the transition to flaming after pre-heating?

    <p>Pyrolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which heat transfer method involves the transfer of heat via fluids and air, pushing heat to the next shrub during a fire?

    <p>Convection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of combustion complexity, what specific characteristic of wood influences the combustion stages and products?

    <p>Cellulose and lignin composition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During wood combustion, what marks the stage when low temperatures lead to dehydration and pre-heating in the material?

    <p>Pre-ignition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of oxygen in combustion according to the text?

    <p>To facilitate the burning process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is highlighted as the source of heat to continue combustion according to the text?

    <p>Chain reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of heat in combustion as described in the text?

    <p>To break down solids and liquids first into gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the critical impact of increasing the percentage of O2 in the atmosphere on combustion, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Facilitates easier and hotter burning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bond contains less potential energy and therefore releases less energy during combustion, according to the text?

    <p>O-H bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason why more O2 in a reaction leads to more heat produced during combustion?

    <p>More O2 breaking results in more energy absorbed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of combustion does the thermal degradation of fuel into smaller components occur?

    <p>Pyrolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process involves taking a liquid and converting it into a gas stage during combustion?

    <p>Volatilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes smoldering combustion from flaming combustion?

    <p>Combustion with not enough heat to maintain the process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might live vegetation be less likely to burn compared to dead vegetation?

    <p>Live vegetation is denser and retains more moisture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does wind play a role in reigniting combustion in the observed scenario?

    <p>Wind causes the flow of oxygen to create a flame</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key characteristic that differentiates glowing combustion from smoldering combustion?

    <p>Absence of smoke and visible flame</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In wood combustion stages, what occurs after the material goes through pyrolysis?

    <p>Char combustion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which heat transfer method involves the movement of heat through contact and is highlighted as occurring below a flame?

    <p>Conduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the slowing down of flames at the edge during a fire as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Higher moisture content</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the combustion process is influenced by the specific heats of different materials according to the text?

    <p>Pre-warming stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What precaution should you take when carrying tools, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>With sharp edges down</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Pulaski tool in the context of wildland fire?

    <p>Used for chopping and scraping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to inspect tools regularly for damage?

    <p>To maintain their sharpness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using hand tools by wildland firefighters according to the text?

    <p>To create barriers to prevent fire from spreading</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do wildland firefighters wear PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) as mentioned in the text?

    <p>To prevent injuries from sharp tools and flying debris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do preferred hand tools differ regionally for wildland firefighters?

    <p>Based on the type of vegetation in different biomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the fire shovel from a regular shovel, according to the text?

    <p>The fire shovel has a steeper angle and sharper edges.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should one be cautious when handling a rogue hoe, based on the text?

    <p>Rogue hoes have sharpened edges at the bottom and on the sides.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tool mentioned in the text is primarily designed for smothering flames?

    <p>Flapper</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key safety consideration highlighted in the text when carrying a fire shovel?

    <p>Keep the sharp edge away from your knee.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What tool is specifically noted for being a combination of a hoe on one side and a pick on the other side?

    <p>Combi tool</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tool is described as having a giant sharp blade on one side and a rake on the other side?

    <p>McLeod</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What tool is named after the council tool company and known for its tooth-like sharp blades?

    <p>Council rake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tool is specifically noted as not being fire-specific and made of plastic or wood?

    <p>Leaf rake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which equipment is described as a cheap and easy way to have great control over lighting fires?

    <p>Drip torches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What piece of equipment features two main types: Panama and standard, with the Panama type having a longer wand for flinging fire further?

    <p>Drip torches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between primary and secondary succession in ecology?

    <p>Secondary succession occurs after a forest fire, while primary succession occurs with the colonization of barren land.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is NOT necessary for combustion based on the 'fire triangle' concept?

    <p>Water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When considering the characteristics of combustion, how does it differ from rusting and decomposition?

    <p>Combustion involves a quick release of energy, while rusting and decomposition are slow processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of energy release during combustion?

    <p>O=O bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of combustion involves the thermal degradation of the fuel into gasses, tar, and char?

    <p>Pyrolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of fire spread and growth, which part moves fastest in the direction of the wind?

    <p>Head</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What method of heat transfer involves the movement of heat through contact and is highlighted as occurring below a flame?

    <p>Conduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the process of change in an ecosystem after a disturbance, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Secondary succession</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following components is NOT a necessary part of the 'fire triangle' concept for combustion, as discussed in the text?

    <p>Light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When was the first time fire and ecology were combined in a course, as credited to E.V. Komarek in the text?

    <p>1962</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of combustion does the thermal degradation of the fuel result in the production of gases, tar, and char?

    <p>Pyrolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of wood combustion is characterized by low temperatures leading to dehydration and pre-heating in the material?

    <p>Stage 1: Dehydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main source of heat transfer that involves movement through contact and is highlighted as occurring below a flame during combustion?

    <p>Conduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What part of a fire represents the fastest spreading direction when influenced by wind?

    <p>Head</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Fire Ecology

    • The primary function of fire in ecology is to act as a natural disturbance that shapes ecosystems.

    Combustion Process

    • Fire differs from rusting and decomposition in terms of oxidation, as it involves a rapid oxidation process.
    • The removal of fire can act as a disturbance in an ecosystem.
    • Weak bonds, such as those found in wood, contain less potential energy and therefore release less energy during combustion.
    • The process of pyrolysis involves the thermal degradation of fuel into smaller components that eventually burn.
    • Heat is absorbed during the pyrolysis phase of combustion.
    • The smoldering phase marks the transition to combustion.
    • Smoldering combustion is characterized by a slow, low-temperature release of energy.
    • Flaming combustion does not have enough heat to maintain the combustion process.
    • Flaming combustion is differentiated from smoldering combustion by the presence of a flame.
    • The flame appears when the wind blows during combustion due to the increased oxygen supply.
    • Conduction is the type of heat transfer that occurs below a flame.
    • The first stage of wood combustion involves drying and pre-heating of the material.

    Wood Combustion

    • The cellulose component of wood affects the combustion process.
    • After char combustion, the material undergoes combustion in the presence of oxygen.
    • If the percentage of O2 in the atmosphere is less than 16%, combustion is not possible.
    • The pre-heating phase of combustion is responsible for drying the material before breakdown begins.
    • The main source of heat to continue combustion is the exothermic reaction of combustion.
    • Only certain materials, such as wood, create flames during combustion.

    Fire Characteristics

    • The primary role of oxygen in combustion is to provide the necessary oxidizer for the reaction.
    • Convection is the type of heat transfer that involves the transfer of heat via fluids and air, pushing heat to the next shrub during a fire.
    • The complexity of wood combustion is influenced by the specific characteristics of wood.
    • The stage of wood combustion involving the transition to flaming after pre-heating is characterized by high temperatures.

    Firefighting Tools

    • The Pulaski tool is a significant tool in wildland fire management.
    • Hand tools are used by wildland firefighters for various tasks, such as digging and extinguishing fires.
    • Wildland firefighters wear PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) for safety reasons.
    • The primary purpose of using hand tools is to control and extinguish fires.
    • The fire shovel is a tool specifically designed for smothering flames.

    Fire Spread and Growth

    • The primary source of energy release during combustion is the exothermic reaction of combustion.
    • The direction of the wind affects the spread and growth of fires.
    • Conduction is the method of heat transfer that involves the movement of heat through contact and is highlighted as occurring below a flame.
    • The term used to describe the process of change in an ecosystem after a disturbance is succession.
    • The primary difference between primary and secondary succession is the presence of a disturbance.

    Fire History

    • The idea of fire ecology became a recognized field of study in the mid-20th century.
    • E.V. Komarek is credited with combining fire and ecology in a course for the first time in 1962.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the different stages of combustion: exothermic, flaming, smoldering, glowing, and extinction. Learn about the characteristics of each stage and what causes combustion to cease. Includes picture examples for better understanding.

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