Stage 1: Glycolysis (HL)

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Questions and Answers

What is the initial molecule that undergoes conversion during glycolysis?

Fructose
Acetyl CoA
Pyruvic acid
Glucose (correct)

What is the main energy product of glycolysis?

4 ATP
3 ATP
2 ATP (correct)
1 ATP

Where does glycolysis occur within the cell?

Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Cytosol (correct)
Nucleus

Why does glycolysis produce a low yield of energy?

<p>Glucose is only partially broken down. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of NADH in glycolysis?

<p>It serves as an electron carrier. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Glycolysis

The first stage of cellular respiration, where glucose is partially broken down into pyruvic acid. This process occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell and does not require oxygen.

Pyruvic acid

A 3-carbon molecule that is the product of glycolysis. It can be further broken down in the presence of oxygen to produce more energy.

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)

A high-energy molecule that is used as the primary energy currency of the cell. It is formed during glycolysis by adding a phosphate group to ADP.

Anaerobic

A process that does not require oxygen. Glycolysis is an anaerobic process because it can occur in the absence of oxygen.

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NADH

A coenzyme that carries electrons. NADH is produced during glycolysis and carries electrons to the electron transport chain in the mitochondria.

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Study Notes

Stage 1: Glycolysis (HL)

Glycolysis takes place in the cytosol (cytoplasm minus organelles) of the cell
No oxygen is required, making it an anaerobic process
Glucose (a 6-carbon molecule) is converted to pyruvic acid (a 3-carbon molecule)
A small amount of energy is released during this process
This energy is used to make 2 adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules by combining adenosine diphosphate (ADP) with a phosphate (P)
Glucose is only partially broken down in glycolysis, resulting in a low energy yield.
Products of glycolysis include 2 ATP, 2 NADH, 2 pyruvate, and water.