18 Questions
What is the term used when a user attempts to remove an element from an empty stack?
Underflow
If elements '5', '6', '7', and '8' are added in a stack, what would be the correct order for their removal?
8765
Which data structure is known for being immutable?
Tuple
In Python, which keyword is used to define functions?
def
Which brackets are used in Python to create a list?
[]
What is the built-in method in Python for adding an element to a list acting as a stack?
.append()
What is an important characteristic that a step in an algorithm must possess?
Effectiveness
Why is measuring execution times not a good measure of efficiency?
Processor
In an algorithm, which element varies with the programming language and the style of the programmer?
Statement
When the running time of all inputs is shortest and key operations are executed the minimum number of times, it is referred to as the ____________.
Best case
Where does the running time of an algorithm fall when it is between worst and best cases?
Average case
Which of the following is a compact, informal, and environment-independent description of a computer programming algorithm?
Pseudocode
What principle does a queue follow?
FIFO principle
Which of the following is a postfix expression?
abc*+de-+
What data structure is commonly used for testing a palindrome?
Stack
What is a list in terms of data structures?
Queue
Which of the following is a non-linear data structure?
Graph
What operation defines the insertion in stack terminology?
PUSH operation
Study Notes
Stacks and Queues
- A stack is also known as Last In First Out (LIFO).
- Removing an element from an empty stack is called Underflow.
- The order of removal in a stack is Last In First Out (LIFO).
- Elements in a stack are removed in the reverse order they were added.
Data Structures
- A tuple is an immutable data structure.
- A list is a mutable data structure.
- A list in Python is created using square brackets
[].
Functions and Lists in Python
- The keyword
defis used to define functions in Python. - To get the second element in a list called "bus", use
bus[1]. - The
append()method is used to add an element to a list (or stack).
Stacks and Queues (continued)
- Inserting an item into a stack when it's not full is called a Push operation.
- Deleting an item from a stack when it's not empty is called a Pop operation.
- A queue follows the First In First Out (FIFO) principle.
Postfix Expressions and Palindromes
- The expression
abc*+de-+is an example of a postfix expression. - A stack is used to test a palindrome.
Data Structures (continued)
- A linked list is a sequence of data elements connected to each other.
- A graph is a non-linear data structure.
Stacks (continued)
- The
Peek()function returns the top data element of the stack. - The
Push()operation inserts an element into a stack. - The
Pop()operation deletes an element from a stack.
Algorithms
- An algorithm should have unambiguous, feasible, and definite steps.
- The effectiveness of an algorithm is a measure of its performance.
Algorithm Analysis
- The running time of an algorithm can vary with the computer's processor speed.
- The number of statements in an algorithm can vary with the programming language and programmer's style.
- The best case is when the running time of an algorithm is the shortest.
- The average case is when the running time of an algorithm falls between the worst and best cases.
- Pseudocode is a compact, informal, and environment-independent description of a computer programming algorithm.
Recursion
- A stack is used to perform recursion.
Test your knowledge about stack data structure with this quiz. Questions cover topics like stack terminology, operations, and order of removal of elements.
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