Questions and Answers
What is another term for stable ischemic heart disease (SIHD)?
Which of the following is a non-modifiable risk factor for stable ischemic heart disease?
What medication can be considered to reduce recurrent atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events?
Which symptom is primarily associated with claudication?
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What is a significant risk factor for developing acute limb ischemia (ALI)?
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Which condition is commonly included as part of clinical ASCVD related to hyperlipidemia?
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What is the typical timeframe in which claudication symptoms are relieved after rest?
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What percentage of men aged 80 and older are estimated to have coronary heart disease (CHD)?
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What is the primary cause of stable ischemic heart disease?
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Which modifiable risk factor is associated with stable ischemic heart disease?
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Which of the following medications can be considered to prevent recurrent atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events?
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Which symptom is specifically characterized by fatigue or pain in the muscles of the lower extremities triggered by exercise?
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At what eGFR value should colchicine be avoided?
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Which population has a notably high prevalence of chronic coronary disease (CCD)?
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What condition is characterized by acute pain in the limbs due to severe arterial occlusion?
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Which of the following is NOT considered a modifiable risk factor for stable ischemic heart disease?
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Which of the following conditions may contribute to the development of claudication?
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Stable Ischemic Heart Disease (SIHD) can be asymptomatic in some individuals.
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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a term that is used synonymously with Stable Ischemic Heart Disease (SIHD).
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Claudication is characterized by pain in the arms that is relieved by exercise.
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Age is considered a modifiable risk factor for Stable Ischemic Heart Disease.
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Elevation of blood glucose levels can be a contributing factor to developing Chronic Coronary Disease (CCD).
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Colchicine is primarily used for its anti-inflammatory properties in the treatment of cardiovascular conditions.
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Atheroslcerosis primarily affects the upper respiratory system in Stable Ischemic Heart Disease.
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Atherosclerotic risk factors include hyperlipidemia and smoking.
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Acute limb ischemia (ALI) occurs as a gradual narrowing of arteries over time.
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Risk factors such as family history have no impact on the likelihood of developing Stable Ischemic Heart Disease.
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Which of the following terms refers to the inadequate blood supply to the myocardium?
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What demographic is most significantly affected by chronic coronary disease in the United States?
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Which of the following is a common complication associated with stable ischemic heart disease?
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Which medication is mentioned as potentially beneficial for reducing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events?
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What percentage of women aged 80 and older are estimated to have coronary heart disease?
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Which factor is categorized as modifiable risk for stable ischemic heart disease?
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Which population is at a higher risk of peripheral artery disease?
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What is the expected duration for claudication symptoms to relieve after resting?
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What chronic condition is characterized by the presence of atherosclerosis in lower limbs?
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Which population is mentioned as having a significant prevalence of stable ischemic heart disease?
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Study Notes
Terminology
- Stable Ischemic Heart Disease (SIHD) is synonymous with Chronic Coronary Disease (CCD), Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), and Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis.
- Defined as inadequate blood supply to the myocardium (heart muscle).
Importance
- SIHD is the leading cause of death globally for both men and women.
- Over 20 million adults in the U.S. have CCD.
- In individuals aged 60-79, about 22% of men and 13% of women are affected by CHD.
- Prevalence increases to approximately 34% in men and 22% in women by age 80.
Risk Factors
-
Non-modifiable:
- Age
- Genetics or family history of premature ischemic heart disease
-
Modifiable:
- Smoking
- Hyperlipidemia (cholesterol levels of 150 mg/dL or higher; manage secondary causes through lifestyle changes).
New Considerations in Treatment
- Colchicine 0.5 mg daily may be considered to prevent recurrent atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events.
- Acts as an anti-inflammatory agent with a long half-life, narrow therapeutic index, and significant potential for drug-drug interactions (specifically CYP 3A4 and p-glycoprotein).
- Use is discouraged in patients with eGFR < 40 years.
Complications and Morbidity
- High morbidity and mortality rates associated with SIHD.
- Quality of life can be significantly impaired due to conditions like peripheral atherosclerosis, especially in the lower limbs.
Symptoms
- Patients may be asymptomatic.
- Claudication: Characterized by fatigue, discomfort, cramping, or pain in the lower extremities, consistently triggered by exercise and relieved by rest (within 10 minutes).
- Acute limb ischemia (ALI) signifies a severe condition requiring immediate attention.
Terminology
- Stable Ischemic Heart Disease (SIHD) is synonymous with Chronic Coronary Disease (CCD), Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), and Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis.
- Defined as inadequate blood supply to the myocardium (heart muscle).
Importance
- SIHD is the leading cause of death globally for both men and women.
- Over 20 million adults in the U.S. have CCD.
- In individuals aged 60-79, about 22% of men and 13% of women are affected by CHD.
- Prevalence increases to approximately 34% in men and 22% in women by age 80.
Risk Factors
-
Non-modifiable:
- Age
- Genetics or family history of premature ischemic heart disease
-
Modifiable:
- Smoking
- Hyperlipidemia (cholesterol levels of 150 mg/dL or higher; manage secondary causes through lifestyle changes).
New Considerations in Treatment
- Colchicine 0.5 mg daily may be considered to prevent recurrent atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events.
- Acts as an anti-inflammatory agent with a long half-life, narrow therapeutic index, and significant potential for drug-drug interactions (specifically CYP 3A4 and p-glycoprotein).
- Use is discouraged in patients with eGFR < 40 years.
Complications and Morbidity
- High morbidity and mortality rates associated with SIHD.
- Quality of life can be significantly impaired due to conditions like peripheral atherosclerosis, especially in the lower limbs.
Symptoms
- Patients may be asymptomatic.
- Claudication: Characterized by fatigue, discomfort, cramping, or pain in the lower extremities, consistently triggered by exercise and relieved by rest (within 10 minutes).
- Acute limb ischemia (ALI) signifies a severe condition requiring immediate attention.
Overview of Stable Ischemic Heart Disease (SIHD)
- Also referred to as Chronic Coronary Disease (CCD), Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), or Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis.
- Characterized by inadequate blood supply to the myocardium (heart muscle).
Importance of SIHD
- Leading cause of death globally for both men and women.
- Over 20 million adults in the U.S. are diagnosed with Chronic Coronary Disease (CCD).
- Prevalence of CHD increases significantly with age: 22% of men and 13% of women aged 60-79, rising to 34% and 22% respectively for those 80 years and older.
Risk Factors for SIHD
-
Non-modifiable:
- Age
- Genetics or family history of premature ischemic heart disease (IHD).
-
Modifiable:
- Smoking
- Hyperlipidemia: Important to maintain cholesterol below 150 mg/dL while addressing secondary causes (e.g., lifestyle changes).
-
SIHD is included in the broader category of clinical Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD).
New Considerations in First-Line Therapy
- Colchicine 0.5 mg daily can be used to reduce recurrent atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events.
- Acts as an anti-inflammatory agent.
- Has a long half-life and a narrow therapeutic index, making its use prone to drug-drug interactions particularly with CYP 3A4 and p-glycoprotein substrates.
- Contraindicated in patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 40.
Peripheral Atherosclerosis
- Significant morbidity, mortality, and impairment of quality of life are associated with peripheral atherosclerosis.
- Especially affected areas include lower limbs.
- Risk factors include:
- Age (particularly over 75)
- Family history of Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)
- Depression
- Other atherosclerotic risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia.
- Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) or End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD).
- Presence of microvascular diseases (retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy).
Symptoms and Complications of SIHD
- May present asymptomatically or with symptoms.
- Claudication: Characterized by fatigue, discomfort, cramping, or pain in lower extremities, consistently induced by exercise and relieved by rest within 10 minutes.
- Acute Limb Ischemia (ALI): A severe condition resulting from sudden lack of blood flow with critical symptoms.
Overview of Stable Ischemic Heart Disease (SIHD)
- Also referred to as Chronic Coronary Disease (CCD), Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), or Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis.
- Characterized by inadequate blood supply to the myocardium (heart muscle).
Importance of SIHD
- Leading cause of death globally for both men and women.
- Over 20 million adults in the U.S. are diagnosed with Chronic Coronary Disease (CCD).
- Prevalence of CHD increases significantly with age: 22% of men and 13% of women aged 60-79, rising to 34% and 22% respectively for those 80 years and older.
Risk Factors for SIHD
-
Non-modifiable:
- Age
- Genetics or family history of premature ischemic heart disease (IHD).
-
Modifiable:
- Smoking
- Hyperlipidemia: Important to maintain cholesterol below 150 mg/dL while addressing secondary causes (e.g., lifestyle changes).
-
SIHD is included in the broader category of clinical Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD).
New Considerations in First-Line Therapy
- Colchicine 0.5 mg daily can be used to reduce recurrent atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events.
- Acts as an anti-inflammatory agent.
- Has a long half-life and a narrow therapeutic index, making its use prone to drug-drug interactions particularly with CYP 3A4 and p-glycoprotein substrates.
- Contraindicated in patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 40.
Peripheral Atherosclerosis
- Significant morbidity, mortality, and impairment of quality of life are associated with peripheral atherosclerosis.
- Especially affected areas include lower limbs.
- Risk factors include:
- Age (particularly over 75)
- Family history of Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)
- Depression
- Other atherosclerotic risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia.
- Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) or End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD).
- Presence of microvascular diseases (retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy).
Symptoms and Complications of SIHD
- May present asymptomatically or with symptoms.
- Claudication: Characterized by fatigue, discomfort, cramping, or pain in lower extremities, consistently induced by exercise and relieved by rest within 10 minutes.
- Acute Limb Ischemia (ALI): A severe condition resulting from sudden lack of blood flow with critical symptoms.
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Description
This quiz covers the key concepts surrounding Stable Ischemic Heart Disease (SIHD), including its terminology and classifications. Learn about the different names for SIHD, such as Chronic Coronary Disease and Coronary Artery Disease, and understand the implications for patient management in pharmacy practice.
