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Stability of Coordination Compounds Quiz
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Stability of Coordination Compounds Quiz

Created by
@CatchyVuvuzela

Questions and Answers

What is the coordination number (CN) in coordination compounds?

  • The number of counterions present
  • The number of ligands attached to the metal (correct)
  • The total charge of the compound
  • The number of valence electrons of the metal

    • Which of the following statements about complex ions is TRUE?

  • They can exist as solids, liquids, or gases.
  • They have a total charge of zero.
  • They only exist in solution. (correct)
  • They must contain at least one counterion.

    • Which application of coordination compounds involves their interaction with light?

  • Nutrition
  • Coloration (correct)
  • Biomolecules
  • Catalysis

    • What does the term 'coordination geometry' refer to?

    <p>The arrangement of ligands around the metal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a biomolecule that contains coordination compounds?

    <p>Glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of coordination compounds in catalysis?

    <p>To speed up chemical reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory can be used to predict the shapes of coordination compounds?

    <p>Valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net charge of the coordination compound "[Co(NH3)6]Cl3"?

    <p>0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a coordination compound?

    <p>A molecule with a metallic center bound to ligands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes complex ions from coordination compounds?

    <p>Complex ions carry a net electric charge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by the coordination number?

    <p>The number of donor atoms attached to the central metal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about ligands is true?

    <p>Ligands donate electrons to the metal center.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following examples represents a complex ion?

    <p>Hexaamminecobalt(III) chloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are coordination spheres typically represented in chemical formulas?

    <p>With square brackets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes ligands in coordination compounds?

    <p>They include atoms, ions, or molecules attached by coordinate covalent bonds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary application of chelation therapy?

    <p>To treat metal poisoning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the hybridization of the metal orbitals in coordination compounds?

    <p>The symmetry and overlap of the ligand orbitals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is bond order calculated in coordination compounds?

    <p>By subtracting the number of electrons in anti-bonding orbitals from bonding orbitals, then dividing by two</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a larger and positive stability constant (Ks) indicate?

    <p>A more stable complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which equation relates the stability constant to Gibbs free energy in coordination compounds?

    <p>ΔG = -RT ln Ks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of a molecular orbital diagram in coordination chemistry?

    <p>To illustrate the relative energies and occupations of molecular orbitals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'formation constant' refer to in the context of coordination compounds?

    <p>The equilibrium constant describing the formation of the complex from metal ions and ligands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which elements form bonding orbitals that combine with ligand orbitals in coordination compounds?

    <p>Metal orbitals (s, p, and d) and ligand orbitals (usually p or π)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of Gibbs free energy (ΔG) in relation to the stability of coordination complexes?

    <p>A more negative ΔG corresponds to a larger stability constant and a more stable complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the stability constant of a coordination compound quantify?

    <p>The concentration of the coordination compound at equilibrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the stability constant relate to the Gibbs free energy of a complexation reaction?

    <p>A higher stability constant corresponds to a more negative Gibbs free energy change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are chelating agents often preferred over monodentate ligands?

    <p>They offer better stability and selectivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines a chelating agent?

    <p>A chemical species that can form multiple coordinate bonds with a metal ion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of stability constants in comparing coordination compounds?

    <p>They enable the comparison of the relative stabilities of different compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes chelation therapy?

    <p>It employs chelating agents to remove heavy metals from the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of chelates compared to non-chelating ligands?

    <p>They exhibit higher stability due to more coordinate bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a higher stability constant indicate about a coordination compound?

    <p>It is less likely to dissociate in solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of using chelating agents over monodentate ligands?

    <p>They form multiple coordinate bonds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of structure do chelating agents form with metal ions?

    <p>Ring-like structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a synthetic chelating agent?

    <p>Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property allows chelating agents to preferentially bind to certain metal ions?

    <p>Selectivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of chelation therapy?

    <p>To remove toxic metals from the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a natural chelating agent mentioned?

    <p>Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do chelating agents compare to monodentate ligands in terms of complex stability?

    <p>Chelating agents bind more strongly to metal ions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which metal ions can chelation therapy target for removal from the body?

    <p>Lead and mercury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Stability of Coordination Compounds

    • Stability constant (Ks) and formation constant (Kf) are equilibrium constants describing complex formation from metal ions and ligands.
    • Relationship between stability constant and Gibbs free energy (ΔG): ΔG = -RT ln Ks, indicating more negative ΔG corresponds to higher stability.
    • Comparing stability of coordination compounds involves analyzing the magnitude and sign of Ks; larger positive values indicate more stable complexes.

    Chelating Agents and Chelation Therapy

    • Chelating agents form multiple coordinate bonds with a metal ion, leading to increased stability and specificity compared to monodentate ligands.
    • Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) binds various metal ions, used in chelation therapy, water treatment, food preservation, and analytical chemistry.
    • Natural chelating agents like porphyrins play vital roles in biological processes; examples include hemoglobin and chlorophyll.
    • Amino acids function as natural chelators and are utilized in nutrition, agriculture, and biotechnology.
    • Chelation therapy treats toxic metal poisoning by removing heavy metals from the body, such as lead, mercury, and arsenic.

    Coordination Compounds Overview

    • Coordination compounds consist of a central metal atom or ion surrounded by ligands, which donate electron pairs.
    • Complex ions carry a net charge, while coordination compounds are neutral; for example, hexaamminecobalt(III) chloride contains the charged complex ion Co(NH₃)₆³⁺.
    • Coordination number (CN) indicates the number of donor atoms bonded to the central metal; coordination sphere refers to the metal and its attached ligands.

    Applications of Coordination Compounds

    • Coloration in textiles and printing is due to the distinct colors of coordination compounds interacting with light.
    • Catalysis is enhanced by coordination compounds, aiding in producing polymers, fuels, fertilizers, and pharmaceuticals.
    • Biological processes, including oxygen transport and enzyme functions, rely on coordination compounds like hemoglobin and vitamin B12.

    Structures of Coordination Compounds

    • Coordination geometry is determined by the arrangement of ligands around the metal atom, based on factors like ligand type and number.
    • Valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory predicts molecular shapes considering electron pair repulsion.
    • Molecular orbital theory describes hybridization and bonding in coordination compounds through bonding and antibonding molecular orbitals.

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    Description

    Test your understanding of the stability and formation constants of coordination compounds. This quiz covers key concepts such as the relation between stability constant, equilibrium constant, and Gibbs free energy in complexation reactions.

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