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Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of pilot testing in software development?
What type of IDS stores attributes that characterize an attack for reference?
What is regression testing used for?
Who developed one of the first mathematical models of a multilevel-security computer system?
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What is the main difference between parallel testing and regression testing?
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What is proof of concept related to?
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What is the purpose of feeding test data into two systems?
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What is the main purpose of regression testing?
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Which access control model uses security clearance for subjects?
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What is the primary difference between discretionary access control and mandatory access control?
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Which protocol was used by the initial version of TACACS for communication between clients and servers?
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What is the primary purpose of a TACACS authentication server?
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What is the default port used by TACACS?
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What is the relationship between TACACS and TCP?
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What is the name of the daemon that runs on the TACACS authentication server?
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What is the RFC that defines TACACS?
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What is the purpose of the 'money' argument in the Data Definition Language?
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What is the effect of the 'null' keyword in the Data Definition Language?
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What is the purpose of the DROP command in the Data Definition Language?
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What is the difference between the DROP command and the DELETE command?
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What is the purpose of the Data Manipulation Language (DML)?
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What is the purpose of the INSERT command in the Data Manipulation Language?
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What is the most commonly used command in SQL?
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What is the purpose of the SELECT command in the Data Manipulation Language?
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What is the primary function of preventive technical controls?
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What is an example of a technical control used to enforce access control policies?
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What is the primary purpose of synchronous dynamic password tokens?
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What type of control is a password considered?
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What is the purpose of a smart card?
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What is the primary purpose of antivirus software?
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What is an example of a logical control?
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What is the purpose of dial-up access control and callback systems?
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What is the primary purpose of using banners at log-on time for external users?
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What is an essential element of individual accountability?
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What is the benefit of using a well-crafted logon banner?
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Which of the following is NOT an aspect of individual accountability?
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What is the main objective of access control?
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Which of the following is an additional access control objective?
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What is the primary purpose of logon banners for anonymous or external users?
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Which of the following is a key aspect of accountability?
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What type of attack is an employee trying to protect against by ensuring all cables are shielded, building concrete walls, and installing a white noise generator?
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What is the term for an error that causes a system to be vulnerable due to its installation environment?
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What is the primary purpose of shielding cables in a security setup?
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What is the term for the act of intercepting electrical signals that radiate from computing equipment?
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What is the purpose of a white noise generator in a security setup?
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What is the name of the equipment used to prevent emanation attacks?
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What is the purpose of building concrete walls that extend from the true floor to the true ceiling in a security setup?
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What is the primary purpose of degaussing a device or overwriting it multiple times?
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What is the primary limitation of white-box testing?
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What is the primary difference between alpha testing and beta testing?
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What is the primary purpose of pilot testing?
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What is the primary characteristic of a proof of concept?
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What is the primary benefit of using white-box testing?
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What is the primary purpose of beta testing?
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What is the primary difference between unit testing and integration testing?
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What is the primary benefit of using alpha testing?
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What is the primary purpose of using banners at log-on time for external users?
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What is the benefit of using a well-crafted logon banner?
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Which of the following is NOT an aspect of individual accountability?
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What is the main objective of access control?
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Which of the following is an additional access control objective?
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What is the primary purpose of logon banners for anonymous or external users?
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What is an essential element of individual accountability?
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Which of the following is a key aspect of accountability?
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What is the primary focus of access control mechanisms?
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What is the main objective of Business Impact Analysis (BIA)?
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What is the primary concern in a highly secure environment where data at high classifications cannot be leaked to subjects at lower classifications?
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Which model would an Information Security Professional recommend for a highly secure environment where data at high classifications cannot be leaked to subjects at lower classifications?
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What is the primary purpose of access control mechanisms?
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What is the primary concern in planning and implementing access control mechanisms?
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What is the primary objective of Business Impact Analysis (BIA)?
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What is the primary purpose of access control mechanisms in a highly secure environment?
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What is the security flaw that occurs when two or more processes use the same resource and the sequence of steps within the software can be carried out in an improper order?
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What is the process of intercepting and examining messages to deduce information from patterns in communication?
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What is the term for secretly listening to private conversations of others without their consent?
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What is the result of carrying out processes in an improper sequence in software development?
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What is the goal of an attacker who exploits a race condition in software?
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What is the term for the process of intercepting and examining messages to infer information?
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What is the consequence of carrying out processes in a correct sequence in software development?
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What is the main difference between the correct and incorrect sequence of processes in software development?
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In a DAC system, who decides who has access to a file?
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What is the main characteristic of Discretionary Access Control (DAC)?
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In synchronous dynamic password tokens, what is generated at fixed time intervals?
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What is the role of the owner in a DAC system?
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What is the primary purpose of synchronous dynamic password tokens?
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In a DAC system, who can be made the owner of files and resources?
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What is an access control matrix used for in a DAC system?
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What is the main advantage of using DAC?
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In biometric identification systems, what parts of the body are conveniently available for identification when people are fully clothed?
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What is the access control model also known as Non Discretionary Access Control (NDAC)?
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In Mandatory Access Control (MAC), what is used to specify the sensitivity of objects and the categories they belong to?
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What is the primary data access control decision that an organization must make?
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What is the main difference between Discretionary Access Control (DAC) and Mandatory Access Control (MAC)?
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What is the primary function of a TACACS authentication server?
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What is the relationship between TACACS and TCP?
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What is the name of the daemon that runs on the TACACS authentication server?
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What is the primary function of a view in a database?
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What is the main advantage of using views in a database?
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What happens to the data in a view when the underlying table is changed?
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What is a key difference between a view and a physical table?
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How much space does a view take up in a database?
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What is one advantage of using views in terms of security?
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What is an example of how a view can simplify complex data?
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What is the primary purpose of the SELECT command in the example query?
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What is the primary purpose of Directive Access Control?
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Which type of access control is used to prevent a security incident or information breach?
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What is the primary purpose of Detective Access Control?
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What type of access control is used to remedy a circumstance, mitigate damage, or restore control?
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What is the primary purpose of Compensating Access Control?
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What type of access control is used to restore conditions to normal after a security incident?
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Which of the following is an example of a Directive Access Control?
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What is the primary purpose of access control categories?
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What is the main objective of strong authentication?
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What is the purpose of a database view?
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What is relational algebra used for?
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What is the purpose of mandatory access control?
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What is the primary purpose of access control?
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What is the difference between discretionary access control and mandatory access control?
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What is the purpose of a lattice-based access control model?
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What is the primary purpose of role-based access control?
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What is the primary purpose of preventive physical controls?
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Which of the following is an example of a preventive administrative control?
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What is the primary purpose of backup files and documentation?
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What is the purpose of site selection in preventive physical controls?
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What is the primary purpose of double door systems in preventive physical controls?
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What is the primary purpose of security guards in preventive physical controls?
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What is the primary purpose of badge systems in preventive physical controls?
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What is the primary purpose of fences in preventive physical controls?
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What is the primary characteristic of a limited RBAC system?
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What is the primary characteristic of mandatory access control?
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What is the key difference between Hybrid RBAC and Full RBAC?
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What is the primary purpose of Full RBAC?
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What protocol was used by the initial version of TACACS for communication between clients and servers?
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What is the main difference between Mandatory Access Control (MAC) and Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)?
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What is the primary function of a TACACS authentication server?
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What is a key characteristic of Hybrid RBAC?
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What is the default port used by TACACS?
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What is the primary benefit of using Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)?
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What is the relationship between TACACS and TCP?
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What is the main difference between Limited RBAC and Full RBAC in terms of where roles are defined?
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What is the name of the daemon that runs on a TACACS authentication server?
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What is the RFC that defines TACACS?
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What is the primary purpose of attribute certificates?
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What is the primary purpose of a mobile communications service provider customizing the mobile terminal client distribution?
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What is the purpose of a developer acquiring a certificate from a commercial Certificate Authority (CA)?
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What is the advantage of separating the identity and authorization certificates?
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What is typically done to the software submitted by a developer before generating an authorization certificate?
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What is the purpose of the 'install and execute' capability in a root certificate?
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What is the purpose of validating a developer's identity through out-of-band mechanisms?
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What is the purpose of an ephemeral asymmetric key-pair in the software distribution process?
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What is the benefit of customizing the mobile terminal client distribution with root certificates?
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What is a masquerade attack?
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What determines the amount of access a masquerade attacker gets?
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What is the purpose of a security model like Bell-LaPadula?
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What type of security system is the Bell-LaPadula model?
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When can a masquerade attack be triggered?
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What is the result of a masquerade attack if the attacker gains the highest access authority?
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What is the purpose of the authorization process in a system?
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What is the difference between a masquerade attack and a personal attack?
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What is the primary function of a Host-Based Intrusion Detection System (HIDS)?
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Why is it important to have both NIDS and HIDS on critical servers?
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What is NOT a security characteristic to consider when choosing a biometric identification system?
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What is the main difference between a HIDS and a NIDS?
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What is the primary objective of using a HIDS?
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What is monitored by a HIDS?
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What is the purpose of a HIDS in relation to security policy?
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What is the benefit of having both NIDS and HIDS on critical servers?
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What is the primary purpose of views in databases?
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What type of attack involves using a fake identity to gain unauthorized access to personal computer information?
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What is a characteristic of rows in a view?
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What is the difference between black-box testing and white-box testing?
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What is the primary goal of a masquerade attack?
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In which security model is the subject's clearance compared to the object's classification?
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What is the purpose of normalization in databases?
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What is the main advantage of using views in databases?
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What is the main characteristic of the Bell-LaPadula model?
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Who developed the Bell-LaPadula model?
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What is the primary purpose of a view in a database?
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What is the primary purpose of the Data Definition Language (DDL)?
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What is the primary limitation of a masquerade attack?
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What is a common use of views in databases?
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What is the primary purpose of a database administrator using DDL commands?
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What is the primary benefit of a masquerade attack?
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What is the relationship between views and tables?
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What is the main difference between the CREATE and DROP commands in DDL?
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What access control model is based on a lattice structure?
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What is the primary motivation behind a masquerade attack?
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What is the purpose of the least upper bound in the Bell-LaPadula model?
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What is the star property in the Bell-LaPadula model?
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What is the main difference between the Bell-LaPadula model and Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)?
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What is the primary purpose of the Data Manipulation Language (DML)?
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What is an example of something you do that involves strong authentication?
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What type of access control technique is NOT included in the common techniques?
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What operations are used to define a database view?
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What is the term for a single entry in a relational database?
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What is the primary function of Mandatory Access Control?
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What is the primary difference between Discretionary Access Control and Mandatory Access Control?
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What is the term for the mathematics underlying SQL operations?
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What is the purpose of a database view?
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What type of controls are also known as logical controls and can be built into the operating system, be software applications, or can be supplemental hardware/software units?
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What best describes a scenario where a user has more computer rights, permissions, and access than what is required for the tasks the user needs to fulfill?
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What information do sensitivity labels attached to objects contain in Mandatory Access Control?
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What is the primary purpose of technical controls such as encryption and access control?
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What is an example of a logical control used to enforce access control policies?
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What is the primary purpose of antivirus software?
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What is an example of a physical control used to enforce access control policies?
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What is the primary purpose of logon banners for external users?
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What is the primary purpose of synchronous dynamic password tokens?
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What type of control is a password considered?
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What is the primary purpose of preventive technical controls?
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What is an example of a technical control used to enforce access control policies?
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What is the primary purpose of antivirus software?
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What is the primary purpose of dial-up access control and callback systems?
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What is the primary purpose of logon banners for external users?
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What is the primary objective of access control?
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What is the main focus of a Business Impact Analysis (BIA)?
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Which model would you recommend to a client looking to identify potential covert channels in a highly secure environment?
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What is the primary concern of the client in the highly secure environment?
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What is the purpose of an access control policy?
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What is the term for the act of intercepting electrical signals that radiate from computing equipment?
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What is the primary purpose of degaussing a device or overwriting it multiple times?
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What is the primary purpose of building concrete walls in a security setup?
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What is the main objective of access control?
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What is the primary goal of a noninterference model in information security?
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What is the main limitation of access control lists in file systems?
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What is the primary purpose of assigning security levels to variables in low-level information flow analysis?
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What is the main difference between publicly observable information and secret information?
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What is the primary benefit of using a lattice model to represent security levels?
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What is the primary goal of cryptography in information security?
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What is the main limitation of firewalls in information security?
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What is the primary purpose of restricting flows to high variables in information security?
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What is the primary goal of the Biba Integrity Model?
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What is the key principle of the Biba model?
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What is a key limitation of the Bell-LaPadula model?
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What is the relationship between a subject's integrity level and their ability to create content?
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What is the main difference between the Biba model and the Clark-Wilson model?
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What is the purpose of the Biba model?