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Questions and Answers
What is the most significant change in muscle strength during the initial week of immobilisation?
What is the most significant change in muscle strength during the initial week of immobilisation?
Which type of muscle fiber experiences greater atrophy during immobilisation?
Which type of muscle fiber experiences greater atrophy during immobilisation?
What is the most likely underlying cause of exertional headaches?
What is the most likely underlying cause of exertional headaches?
Which of the following is considered the most appropriate course of action for a soccer player experiencing recent onset exertional headaches?
Which of the following is considered the most appropriate course of action for a soccer player experiencing recent onset exertional headaches?
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Which of the following statements regarding exercise for the treatment of chronic hypertension is incorrect?
Which of the following statements regarding exercise for the treatment of chronic hypertension is incorrect?
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Which of the following activities is LEAST effective in restoring glycogen stores after training in soccer players?
Which of the following activities is LEAST effective in restoring glycogen stores after training in soccer players?
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Which of the following is NOT a common treatment for exertional headaches?
Which of the following is NOT a common treatment for exertional headaches?
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What is the most accurate statement about resistance exercise and blood pressure (BP) management in chronic hypertension?
What is the most accurate statement about resistance exercise and blood pressure (BP) management in chronic hypertension?
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What is the most important immediate action when a rugby player's tooth is avulsed and covered in dirt?
What is the most important immediate action when a rugby player's tooth is avulsed and covered in dirt?
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Which of the following statements regarding weight training for 12-year-olds is supported by evidence?
Which of the following statements regarding weight training for 12-year-olds is supported by evidence?
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What is the current evidence regarding the long-term benefits of hip arthroscopy for athletes?
What is the current evidence regarding the long-term benefits of hip arthroscopy for athletes?
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What is the approximate daily muscle strength loss rate during the first week of limb immobilization?
What is the approximate daily muscle strength loss rate during the first week of limb immobilization?
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Which type of muscle fiber is more susceptible to atrophy during immobilization?
Which type of muscle fiber is more susceptible to atrophy during immobilization?
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In the context of tooth avulsion, what does the text suggest about cleaning the tooth before reimplantation?
In the context of tooth avulsion, what does the text suggest about cleaning the tooth before reimplantation?
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What is the recommended storage medium for an avulsed tooth if immediate reimplantation is not possible?
What is the recommended storage medium for an avulsed tooth if immediate reimplantation is not possible?
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What is the primary reason for the recommendation to reimplant an avulsed tooth as soon as possible?
What is the primary reason for the recommendation to reimplant an avulsed tooth as soon as possible?
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Which of the following medications is NOT known to potentially cause drug-induced myopathy?
Which of the following medications is NOT known to potentially cause drug-induced myopathy?
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Which of the following ECG changes is considered an abnormal finding in an athlete?
Which of the following ECG changes is considered an abnormal finding in an athlete?
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Which of these scenarios would indicate a need for surgery in a radial head fracture?
Which of these scenarios would indicate a need for surgery in a radial head fracture?
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Which of the following is the most common benign bone tumor in childhood/adolescence?
Which of the following is the most common benign bone tumor in childhood/adolescence?
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What is the most common location for an osteochondroma?
What is the most common location for an osteochondroma?
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What is the maximum time zone difference a person can safely adjust to in a single westward trip?
What is the maximum time zone difference a person can safely adjust to in a single westward trip?
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Which direction of travel is associated with more severe jet lag?
Which direction of travel is associated with more severe jet lag?
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What is the ideal timeframe for adjusting to each time zone crossed during travel?
What is the ideal timeframe for adjusting to each time zone crossed during travel?
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Which of the following is an absolute contraindication to exercise stress testing?
Which of the following is an absolute contraindication to exercise stress testing?
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Which of these is a sign of poor prognosis in the case of frostbite, after rewarming?
Which of these is a sign of poor prognosis in the case of frostbite, after rewarming?
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Which of the following medications can increase the risk of heat illness by affecting sweating?
Which of the following medications can increase the risk of heat illness by affecting sweating?
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What duration of endurance activity would lead to depletion of glycogen stores, assuming carbohydrates are not consumed during the activity?
What duration of endurance activity would lead to depletion of glycogen stores, assuming carbohydrates are not consumed during the activity?
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Which type of exercise is most likely to be associated with anaerobic metabolism?
Which type of exercise is most likely to be associated with anaerobic metabolism?
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Which of these types of training primarily involves alternating between different exercises with little rest?
Which of these types of training primarily involves alternating between different exercises with little rest?
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Which of the following medications is considered the LEAST likely cause of myopathy in a 60-year-old patient experiencing muscle pain during exercise?
Which of the following medications is considered the LEAST likely cause of myopathy in a 60-year-old patient experiencing muscle pain during exercise?
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Rewarming someone with frostbite should be done:
Rewarming someone with frostbite should be done:
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What is the most likely diagnosis for a dancer who presents with crepitus in their foot during repetitive dorsiflexion and plantarflexion?
What is the most likely diagnosis for a dancer who presents with crepitus in their foot during repetitive dorsiflexion and plantarflexion?
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What stage of Tanner development is characterized by coarse hair across the pubis, but not on the inner thighs?
What stage of Tanner development is characterized by coarse hair across the pubis, but not on the inner thighs?
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Which of the following is the most common stress fracture in ballet dancers?
Which of the following is the most common stress fracture in ballet dancers?
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An athlete presents with a vitamin D level of 25. What is the most appropriate management?
An athlete presents with a vitamin D level of 25. What is the most appropriate management?
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During travel, how many days does it typically take to adapt to each hour of time zone changed?
During travel, how many days does it typically take to adapt to each hour of time zone changed?
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A right-handed adolescent tennis player presents with 3 weeks of lower back pain. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A right-handed adolescent tennis player presents with 3 weeks of lower back pain. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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Which of the following statements about snowboarding and skiing injuries is TRUE?
Which of the following statements about snowboarding and skiing injuries is TRUE?
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Exercise-associated muscle cramps (EAMC) are primarily caused by:
Exercise-associated muscle cramps (EAMC) are primarily caused by:
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Which of the following is the most effective protective gear for school children going on a snowboarding trip?
Which of the following is the most effective protective gear for school children going on a snowboarding trip?
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A dancer presents with posterior ankle pain and crepitus when performing en pointe and demi pointe. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A dancer presents with posterior ankle pain and crepitus when performing en pointe and demi pointe. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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Which of the following is a common cause of lower back pain in adolescent athletes?
Which of the following is a common cause of lower back pain in adolescent athletes?
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A patient presents with lower back pain that is worse with extension and better with flexion. What is the most likely source of the pain?
A patient presents with lower back pain that is worse with extension and better with flexion. What is the most likely source of the pain?
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Which of the following is a potential complication of spondylolisthesis in adolescents?
Which of the following is a potential complication of spondylolisthesis in adolescents?
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Study Notes
Rugby Player Tooth Treatment
- Appropriate immediate treatment for an avulsed tooth (covered in dirt) involves sticking the tooth back into the socket without cleaning, and ensuring the crown faces the correct direction.
Weight Training for 12-Year-Olds
- Most injuries in young athletes during weight training occur at growth plates.
Hip Arthroscopy for Athletes
- Evidence of a beneficial effect from hip arthroscopy can last for up to 10 years.
- Combining labral repair and osteoplasty during arthroscopy can lead to improved outcomes.
- Significant complications occur with a 20% rate.
Immobilisation and Strength Loss
- Muscle strength decreases significantly in the first week of limb immobilisation.
- Fast-twitch muscle fibers show a greater loss of strength than slow-twitch fibers during immobilisation.
Exertional Headaches
- Elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) or cardiac causes are possible underlying issues in exertional headaches.
Exercise for Chronic Hypertension
- High-intensity exercise is more effective than low-intensity exercise in lowering blood pressure.
- Resistance training with high weight and low repetitions is a suitable exercise to lower blood pressure.
Glycogen Recovery after Soccer Training
- Fartlek training is the worst method for restoring glycogen stores after training for soccer players, compared to the other methods listed.
Exercise Stress Test Contraindications
- Unstable angina is an absolute contraindication for an exercise stress test.
Frostbite Treatment
- Rapidly rewarming frostbite is crucial.
- Large blisters post-rewarming usually indicate a poor prognosis.
Exercise Stress Treatment Contraindications
- Acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina, high-risk unstable angina, symptomatic severe aortic stenosis, uncontrolled arrhythmia, hemodynamic instability, unstable heart failure, acute pulmonary embolus, and acute aortic dissection are absolute contraindications for cardiac stress testing.
Exercise-Associated Muscle Cramps (EAMC)
- EAMC results from altered neuromuscular activity, with disturbances at various levels of the central and peripheral nervous systems and skeletal muscle.
School Children Snowboarding
- Hard boots can reduce the risk of injury.
- Helmets and wrist guards are important protective gear.
- Hip pads can help prevent fractures and dislocations.
- Elbow pads generally prevent various minor injuries.
- Back-bone guards can lessen the risk of concussion.
Posterior Ankle Pain in Pointe Dancers
- Flexor hallucis longus (FHL) tenosynovitis is the most likely diagnosis for posterior ankle pain with crepitus in pointe dancers.
Tanner Stage and Pubic Hair
- Tanner Stage 3 is characterized by coarse pubic hair but not on inner thighs.
Stress Fractures in Ballet Dancers
- The base of the second metatarsal is the most frequent site for stress fractures in ballet dancers.
Athlete with Vitamin D Deficiency
- Vitamin D supplementation should start at 3000-5000 IU a day, and then follow up with a recheck after 10-12 weeks.
Time Zone Changes and Travel
- Adapting to a new time zone typically takes one day for each time zone crossed.
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Description
Test your knowledge on immediate treatments for sports injuries, the effects of weight training in young athletes, and the implications of hip arthroscopy. Learn about muscle strength loss during immobilization and the causes of exertional headaches in active individuals.
