Spoken vs. Written Language
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What primarily distinguishes a dialect from other varieties of language?

  • Its use of formal vocabulary
  • Its historical origin
  • The presence of slang terms
  • Pronunciation, grammar, and/or vocabulary (correct)

    • Which term describes a variety of language used by a specific socioeconomic class or profession?

  • Dialects
  • Idiolect
  • Ethnolect
  • Sociolect (correct)

    • Which of the following best defines a pidgin language?

  • A formal language used in academic settings
  • A slang variation within a language
  • A new language that develops for communication between speakers of different languages (correct)
  • A regional dialect with defined grammar rules

    • In linguistic terms, what is a lexifier?

    <p>A language of origin influencing a pidgin's vocabulary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes an ethnolect?

    <p>A lect spoken by a specific ethnic group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an idiolect?

    <p>The individual manner of speaking unique to a person</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of a stable pidgin compared to a pre-pidgin?

    <p>The development of its own grammatical rules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best exemplifies a regional dialect?

    <p>The different forms of English spoken in the UK</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary difference between written language and spoken language?

    <p>Written language is usually permanent, whereas spoken language is often transient.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding the complexity of written and spoken language?

    <p>Written language tends to be more complex, featuring longer sentences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of interaction, how does written language differ from spoken language?

    <p>Spoken language is primarily used for immediate interactions, while written language communicates across time and space.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following can be considered as an exception where written language is closer to spoken language?

    <p>Instant messages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be done in speech that cannot be done in written language?

    <p>Change utterances while speaking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the layout and punctuation in written texts differ from spoken language?

    <p>They have no spoken equivalent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is typically associated with speech rather than writing?

    <p>It is often corrected in real-time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is written language considered more structured than spoken language?

    <p>Written language tends to have clearer rules regarding structure and formatting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes a creole from a pidgin?

    <p>A creole has unique grammatical rules and is unrestricted in use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about registers is true?

    <p>Registers can include specialized vocabulary based on the audience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which examples are typically considered creole languages?

    <p>Gullah, Jamaican Creole, and Hawai`i Creole English.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are registers defined in linguistics?

    <p>As the variations in language based on social context.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a characteristic of a pidgin language?

    <p>It can serve as a mother tongue for a community.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might influence the choice of register in communication?

    <p>Social occasion, context, purpose, and audience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for the informal name speakers might call their dialect?

    <p>Patwa.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor might NOT affect the use of language registers?

    <p>The time of day during which communication occurs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'tenor' in communication primarily refer to?

    <p>The roles individuals take in interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which register is characterized by fixed and static language?

    <p>Frozen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which situations is formal register commonly used?

    <p>Business meetings and court settings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'mode' in the context of communication?

    <p>The method of communication being used</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes the consultative register?

    <p>Language for seeking assistance between unequal statuses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the formal register?

    <p>A casual tone in dialogue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can influence the tenor of communication?

    <p>The age and ethnic background of participants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the mode of communication change as students transition to academic contexts?

    <p>It shifts from oral language to dense written language</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the language used in an intimate register?

    <p>It includes terms of endearment and shared experiences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes jargon?

    <p>Specialized language unique to a particular profession.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of communication register is slangs most likely to be used?

    <p>Intimate register.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following exemplifies academese?

    <p>Language used in higher education contexts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of language is legalese primarily characterized by?

    <p>Technical and formal language typical in legal contexts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the language between a lawyer and a client?

    <p>The lawyer has greater expertise and knowledge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the language used in the employer/employee dynamic differ from casual conversation?

    <p>It contains more technical terminology related to work.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of casual/informal communication?

    <p>It focuses heavily on getting information out quickly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of media literacy education?

    <p>To develop critical thinking and inquiry skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following definitions best describes media literacy?

    <p>The ability to analyze and synthesize messages from all media forms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What practice has gained momentum due to digital media and allows journalists to report meaningful news?

    <p>Citizen journalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does media literacy education impact participation in a democratic society?

    <p>It develops informed and engaged participants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a core principle of media literacy education?

    <p>Reinforcing skills for only adults</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does active inquiry in media literacy entail?

    <p>Analyzing different media sources critically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for media literacy education to have interactive and repeated practice?

    <p>To ensure skills are not forgotten</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between media and culture?

    <p>Media functions as an agent of socialization within culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Spoken vs. Written Language

    • Spoken language involves speaking and listening, while written language uses reading and writing skills.

    • Spoken language is older than written language.

    • Spoken language is more informal and simpler than written language.

    • Spoken language is primarily used for immediate interactions between people in the same place.

    • Spoken language can use tone, pitch, volume, etc.

    • Spoken language is temporary, as there are no permanent records.

    • Written language is more formal and complex than spoken language.

    • Written language enables communication across space and time.

    • Written language often uses punctuation, headings, layouts.

    • Written language is permanent, as there are records.

    • Written language is often grammatically correct, with long sentences.

    Varieties of English

    • World Englishes (WE) are localized varieties of English used in different areas.
    • Braj Kachru proposed the "Three Concentric Circles of Asian Englishes."
    • Inner Circle: English as a native language (e.g., USA, UK, Australia).
    • Outer Circle: English as a second language (e.g., Singapore, Malaysia, Philippines, Pakistan).
    • Expanding Circle: English as a foreign language (e.g., China, Japan, Taiwan, Thailand).
    • Outer and Expanding Circles are influenced by Inner Circle countries due to colonization.

    Language Variety

    • Language variety (lect) is a general term for any distinctive form of a language.
    • Includes dialects, registers, jargon, and idiolects.
    • Standard English is a debated term for educated English usage.
    • Language varieties can develop due to geographical differences (dialects).
    • Social groups may use jargon specific to their group.
    • Individuals develop unique ways of speaking (idiolects).

    Dialect

    • A regional or social variety of a language.
    • Characterized by differences in pronunciation, grammar, and/or vocabulary.
    • Often used to describe a way of speaking, distinct from standard.
    • Includes regional dialects and sociolects (social dialects).
    • Ethnolects are dialects spoken by specific ethnic groups (e.g., Ebonics).
    • Idiolects describe the unique language of individuals, encompassing various languages, registers, and styles.

    Pidgin

    • A new language developed when speakers of different languages need to communicate without a shared language.
    • Vocabulary comes mainly from one language (lexifier).
    • Early pidgins are restricted and variable, later forms (stable pidgin) develop grammatical rules.
    • Learned as a second language for communication between speakers of different languages.

    Creole

    • Formed when children use a pidgin as their first language, becoming a community's mother tongue.
    • Distinctive language with vocabulary from the lexifier, but unique grammar.
    • Not restricted in use and is like other languages, with complete functions.

    Register

    • The way a speaker uses language in different circumstances.
    • Stylistic variations that include formality, social occasion, context, purpose, and audience.
    • Defined by vocabulary, phrases, jargon, intonation, and pace.
    • Registers can be formal, informal, or neutral.
    • Formal registers use polished language (often read from a manuscript), while informal registers are more casual.

    Five Levels of Registers

    • Frozen: Fixed and relatively static language (anthems, pledges).
    • Formal: Language used in official settings (court, interviews).
    • Consultative: Language used for seeking assistance.
    • Casual/Informal: Language between close friends.
    • Intimate: Language between those in close relationships.

    Jargon

    • Specialized language used by a professional or occupational group.
    • Difficult for outsiders to understand.
    • Includes terms such as academese, legalese, and textese.

    Communication in Social Media

    • Traditional communication methods are being replaced by faster, easier digital methods in the age of internet connectivity.
    • Evaluating messages and images in different types of texts requires understanding the author's intent, the text's purpose and structure, and its vocabulary and language choices.
    • Multimodal texts combine linguistic, visual, audio, gestural, and spatial systems to communicate.

    Source, Message, Medium, Audience and Context

    • Analyzing a message requires identifying creation source, purpose of the message, transmission medium, target audience, and the surrounding context to understand its purpose.
    • Government, corporations, and private individuals each contribute to the creation and promotion of media messages.

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    Related Documents

    GE 1 Purposive Communication Lesson 6 & 7 PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the key differences between spoken and written language, highlighting aspects such as informality, complexity, and various characteristics. It also discusses the concept of World Englishes and their significance in communication. Test your understanding of how these two forms of language function in society.

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