Spiritual Care and Sexuality Assessment

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What is the major value of the HAM-A (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale)?

To document the results of pharmacotherapy or psychotherapy (correct)

To screen for generalized anxiety disorder

To diagnose generalized anxiety disorder

To evaluate the clinical severity of anxiety

Which tool is suitable for reaching a tentative diagnosis of depression and assessing its severity?

HAM-D (HDRS)

GAD-7

PHQ-9 (correct)

GDS-4

Which scale is ideal for evaluating the clinical severity of depression and for monitoring treatment?

GDS-15 (correct)

HAM-D (HDRS)

GDS-30

GDS-4

What does the Geriatric Depression Scale GDS-4 evaluate?

Screening test for depressive symptoms in the elderly Signup and view all the answers

Which scale is NOT used as a diagnostic or screening tool for anxiety?

HAM-A Signup and view all the answers

What are the criteria for depression according to the DSM-IV?

At least 5 symptoms of depression Signup and view all the answers

What is the prevalence of depression in older people aged over 65?

5-10% Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cultural shift represented by the mentioned criteria?

A shift towards more biologically focused workup Signup and view all the answers

'Subthreshold depressive symptoms' refer to:

< 5 symptoms of depression Signup and view all the answers

'Mild depression' is characterized by:

> 5 symptoms of depression with minor functional impairment Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of spiritual care?

Connecting individuals with their core beliefs and principles Signup and view all the answers

How is spiritual wellbeing related to health outcomes?

It is conducive to better health outcomes Signup and view all the answers

What aspects does sexuality encompass?

Sex, gender identities, and sexual orientation Signup and view all the answers

How are positive sexual relationships related to general well-being?

They are integral to maintaining good health and general well-being Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the need for intimacy in older adults?

It remains the same as in younger adults Signup and view all the answers

What is dementia characterized by?

Impairment of both mental and physical functions Signup and view all the answers

Which test is used for early screening of dementia in 5-10 minutes?

6CIT - Kingshill version 2000 Signup and view all the answers

Why is making a diagnosis of dementia in the early stages a clinical challenge?

Patients often deny their symptoms Signup and view all the answers

What do the proposed diagnostic criteria for dementia aim to define?

The clinical, biochemical, structural, and metabolic presence of AD at the earliest stages before full-blown dementia Signup and view all the answers

What may be the earliest signs of Alzheimer's disease according to the new criteria?

$\beta$-amyloid (1–42) peptide decrease and $\tau$ proteins increase Signup and view all the answers

What are the risk factors for delirium according to the text?

Age>65 years, pre-existing cognitive impairment, severe illness, and current hip fracture Signup and view all the answers

In what conditions should delirium be suspected according to the text?

An acute confusional state, a change in perception, and a change in social behavior Signup and view all the answers

What is a common way patients with delirium may be described as per the text?

Not themselves, generally unwell, or generally deteriorating Signup and view all the answers

What are the usual causes of delirium according to the text?

Medical disorder, substance intoxication/withdrawal, and medication side effect Signup and view all the answers

What is common in older people with pre-existing cognitive impairment who develop delirium according to the text?

It is common to find several contributing factors to delirium Signup and view all the answers

What kind of changes in perception might indicate the presence of delirium?

Visual or auditory hallucinations Signup and view all the answers

What change in social behavior might suggest the presence of delirium?

Withdrawal and lack of cooperation for reasonable requests Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a physical function change that could indicate the presence of delirium?

Reduced mobility and agitation Signup and view all the answers

What kind of patients may benefit from the approach to diagnosis and management outlined in the text?

Those not meeting all criteria for a diagnosis of delirium may also benefit Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of labels that may be used to describe patients with delirium?

Not themselves, generally unwell, or generally deteriorating Signup and view all the answers

What does the PINCHES ME mnemonic stand for in the context of delirium assessment?

Pain, Infection, Nutrition, Constipation, Hydration, Endocrine + Electrolyte, Stroke, Medication and Alcohol, Environmental Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical onset and duration of delirium as per the provided text?

Onset over hours to days and lasts for days to weeks Signup and view all the answers

What is the incidence of delirium in the community according to the text?

1-2 percent Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of social and financial circumstances on physical and mental wellbeing according to the text?

Positive impact Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for health care professionals to be aware of a patient’s social situation and support structures?

To tailor advice and support Signup and view all the answers

What does Advance Care Planning refer to according to the provided text?

A process of discussion and reflection about goals, values and preferences for future treatment Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Spirituality' refer to as distinct from 'Religion' based on the text?

Personal search for meaning and purpose in life Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of making an Advance Care Statement or Advance Healthcare Directives according to the text?

To guide future treatment based on current wishes Signup and view all the answers

What are some environmental factors that may pose a risk to older people based on the provided text?

Carbon Monoxide excess from a faulty heater and asbestos from insulation material Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between social involvement and health outcomes based on the text?

Positive relationship Signup and view all the answers