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Questions and Answers
What determines the fortune in the Eyapdo practice?
What is the purpose of the Danon in Maeng weddings?
Which activity is part of the Batakan observance after a death?
How is the Lapat system primarily enforced?
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What happens during the Palpalubos / Pakpakada farewell ritual?
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What does the Lay-og / Dalos / Waksi ritual represent?
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What role do guardian stones, known as Pinaing or Pinading, play in the community?
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What is the role of the Dawak / Boni or Alopag ritual?
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What is the purpose of the Bakid ceremony?
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Which practice involves communal drinking to invoke supernatural consequences for a thief?
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What is the main focus of the Inna - boyog/Innaluyon system?
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During which ritual is the Sangasang performed?
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Which dance symbolizes friendship, love, respect, and acceptance?
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What is the purpose of the Longbos rite?
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What does the Bolig involve?
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What is commonly provided as compensation during the Pango practice?
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Study Notes
Spirit Houses and Rituals
- Bawi/Sinaba and Abadong are small houses built in rice fields for the spirit Kaibaan.
- Bakid is a ceremony celebrating the completion of a new dwelling or removing bad signs.
- Sangasang is similar to Bakid and involves sending blood and rice to Maganawan, who spits it on the ground to remove bad signs.
- Sapata is a communal oath taken after a theft when the perpetrator is unknown. It involves drinking basi while calling for supernatural consequences for the guilty party.
Traditional Work System
- Inna-boyog/Innaluyon (Bayanihan System) is a traditional collective work system for tasks like hunting, fishing, and land management. It involves no monetary compensation, only food.
- Pango involves skilled community members assisting with tasks like house building, farming, or cleaning, with compensation in shared meat from an animal butchered by the host.
- Botad is the participation of able men during emergencies, such as carrying a sick or injured person. Even warring tribes set aside their differences to help.
- Bolig is a voluntary act of carrying a sick or dead person using a blanket tied to poles, with frequent carrier replacements due to the fast pace needed during botad.
Music and Dance
- Uggayam, Adding, and Dangu are songs sung by elders during special occasions like pangili, marriage, and Bodong, but not during burials.
- Alaba-ab, Dallong, and Inam-maga are songs sung only during burial rituals, expressing lament and sorrow.
- Tadok/Tadek dance is performed by a man and woman in sync with gongs, symbolizing friendship, love, respect, and acceptance.
- Pallo-ok/Pattong dance features twelve men playing gongs while dancing in a U-turn stance, paired with women, during celebrations.
Child Birthing and Rearing
- Longbos is a confirmation rite after one month, symbolizing strength for the child; food is served to relatives.
- Sangasang is a rite for the child's first tooth, performed by a priestess with offerings.
- Oloy is performed when the child reaches two years old, involving prayers, animal offerings, and rituals to ensure happiness.
Marriage Practices
- Tinipuy/Kinaiw involves the parents of the bride and groom arranging the wedding in Luba, Villaviciosa, and Tubo.
- Eyapdo involves liver and bile readings to determine fortune; if unsatisfactory, another pig is butchered later for a favorable outcome.
- Danon (Maeng Wedding) involves the woman's family demanding gifts (dowry) such as land, money, or animals.
- Supon is monetary support for the couple, managed by financial overseers during the festivities.
Bathing of the Dead
- Pannaka-amos di Natoy is the bathing of the dead, where the body is dressed in its best garments with beads and valuables for the afterlife in Maglawa.
- Bugga involves sending a group to neighboring tribes to inform them of the death.
- Batakan is a 3-day observance of the passing, including Kodom, Inammaga, Palpalubos/Pakpakada, and Sag-sag/Kelyas.
- Kodom involves elders lamenting, butchering a pig, and performing solemn wailing (ala-baab), recounting the dead's life.
- Inammaga is a song led by a watcher during the wake, with fines imposed for mistakes.
- Palpalubos/Pakpakada is a farewell ritual before interment, where family members chant their goodbyes.
- Sag-sag/Kelyas is a ritual performed after interment to release the dead to the afterlife, with dancing and chanting.
- Pabalon involves placing the dead's favorite items and food on the tomb the day after interment.
- Lay-og/Dalos/Waksi is a one-year post-death ritual to cleanse sorrow, marked by dancing, uggayam singing, and drinking.
Lapat System
- Lapat System is an indigenous resource management system of the Maeng Tribe in Tubo, dedicated to conserving natural resources and biodiversity within their Ancestral Domain.
- The purpose of the Lapat System is to regulate, protect, and conserve resources.
- It involves Information Dissemination, Ritual (Bagawas), Observance of Lapat, and Enforcement.
- Information Dissemination educates the community about resource management.
- Ritual (Bagawas) reinforces management practices.
- Observance of Lapat involves community members acting as forest guards.
- Enforcement involves the barangay council, TULAS, and Dap-ay intervening in cases of violations, using rituals as indigenous disciplinary measures.
Symbols and Textiles (Graphical), Arts and Crafts
- Dawak/Boni or Alopag are parts of important ceremonies where spirits enter mediums' bodies, conducted to cure sickness.
- Pinaing or Pinading are guardian stones located at village entrances, believed to house Apadel, the spirit that guards the town.
- Saloko is a ritual associated with folk tales involving heads placed on sharpened bamboo poles.
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Description
Explore the cultural practices surrounding spirit houses, rituals, and traditional work systems in the community. This quiz covers ceremonies like Bakid and communal cooperation methods such as Inna-boyog. Test your knowledge on how these practices reflect the beliefs and social structures of the community.
