28 Questions
What structures are included in the middle column of the spinal cord according to Holdsworth?
Posterior longitudinal ligament
Which type of mechanical insult can lead to primary spinal cord injury?
Rapid compression due to bone displacement from burst
What is the final pathway to neuron death in secondary spinal cord injury?
Cell necrosis with structural dissolution
Which factor contributes to reducing secondary spinal cord injury?
Aggressive field resuscitation
In the context of spinal cord injury, what is the role of steroids according to NASCIS-2 and NASCIS-3?
Inducing apoptosis
What timeframe is recommended for surgical decompression following a spinal cord injury?
< 48 hours
What is the typical duration of spinal shock following an injury?
48 hours
How is the neurological level of injury defined?
The most caudal level with bilateral normal motor and sensory function
When can an injury be considered complete?
When the bulbocavernosus reflex and/or anal wink returns
What is the purpose of the Zone of Partial Preservation in spinal cord injury classification?
It highlights dermatomes and myotomes that remain partially innervated below the NLI
Which organization developed the standards for neurological and functional classification of spinal cord injuries in 1992?
International Medical Society of Paraplegia (IMSOP)
Which of the following is a common symptom associated with spinal shock?
Urinary retention
Which reflex is used to check for anal contraction in the context of spinal shock?
Bulbocavernosus reflex
Which grade on the MRC scale indicates complete paralysis?
Grade 0
What is a significant indicator of spinal shock when testing for the Bulbocavernosus reflex?
Absence of anal contraction
Which of the following is a common feature of spinal clues often associated with spinal cord injury?
Paradoxical respiratory pattern
What is the purpose of checking for sacral sparing in a neurological examination?
To identify partial white matter tract injuries
What is the recommended imaging study for patients who fail attempts at closed reduction?
MRI
In patients with cervical fracture dislocation injury, what can a prereduction MRI show?
Herniated intervertebral discs
Which age group is included in the Steroids INCLUSION CRITERIA for spinal cord injury?
14-30 years
What is an EXCLUSION CRITERIA for receiving steroids in spinal cord injury?
Gunshot wounds
Which RCT showed improvement with Methylprednisolone administration in spinal cord injury within the first 8 hours?
NASCIS-2
What does the ASIA Impairment Scale grade C indicate?
Incomplete motor function but preserved sensory function below the lesion
What percentage of cases are classified as ASIA Impairment Scale grade E?
30%
What is measured by the Functional Independence Measure (FIM)?
Mobility
In C-spine imaging, what does a combined lateral mass displacement over 7mm in the Open Mouth (Dens) View suggest?
Transverse ligament tear
What scenario would benefit from CT scan imaging in C-spine evaluation?
When fracture is suspected on plain films
What can be missed if not assessed adequately using plain films in C-spine imaging?
Soft tissue injury or fracture
This quiz covers the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury, including the classification of vertebral columns and primary mechanical insults leading to SCI. Explore the details of the posterior, middle, and anterior columns of the spine.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
