Spinal Cord Injury and Rehabilitation Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What essential respiratory support is indicated for a patient needing mechanical intubation?

  • High-flow oxygen therapy
  • Mechanical ventilation for the rest of their life (correct)
  • Endotracheal suctioning every hour
  • Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

What is a potential consequence of ineffective cough in patients with upper respiratory injuries?

  • Pneumonia and atelectasis (correct)
  • Increased tidal volume
  • Improved lung capacity
  • Reduced respiratory rate

Which breathing intervention is important for patients who cannot cough effectively?

  • Chewable medications for airway clearance
  • Diaphragmatic breathing exercises (correct)
  • Nebulized saline treatments
  • Physical therapy exercises

In patients with cervical spine injuries, what respiratory challenge is most commonly experienced?

<p>Paralysis of abdominal muscles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method can be used to improve lung function in patients requiring respiratory support?

<p>Incentive spirometry (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is oral care crucial in patients who are mechanically ventilated?

<p>To prevent respiratory infections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of breathing exercise is emphasized for patients with thoracic injuries?

<p>Deep abdominal breathing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of respiratory monitoring should be done for intubated patients?

<p>Regular assessment of cough effectiveness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is defined as significant hypotension in patients experiencing bradycardia?

<p>Less than 90 systolic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be monitored closely for patients with a spinal cord injury to prevent complications related to respiratory health?

<p>Signs of infection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which skin condition is most likely in patients with neurogenic issues?

<p>Warm and dry skin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What level of spinal injury is most commonly associated with neurogenic shock?

<p>T6 or higher (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What potential complication arises due to a dramatic increase in the sympathetic nervous system during an injury?

<p>Neurogenic pulmonary edema (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical respiratory function loss associated with injuries above C4?

<p>Loss of respiratory muscle function (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In patients with injuries above the T6 level, what cardiovascular dysfunction is likely to occur?

<p>Bradycardia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential teaching point for families of patients with spinal cord injuries concerning respiratory care?

<p>Promote effective coughing and deep breathing exercises (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What respiratory support is essential for patients with injuries at the C4 level and above?

<p>Mechanical ventilation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key risk when turning or suctioning patients with injuries above T6?

<p>Cardiac arrest (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long after a spinal cord injury can neurogenic shock potentially last?

<p>Up to 5 weeks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main issue with diaphragmatic breathing following a spinal cord injury below C4?

<p>Inefficient over time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What device has been developed to enhance mobility in certain patients with spinal cord injuries?

<p>Electronic diaphragmatic pacemakers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What underlying issue is caused by an imbalance in the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems in spinal cord injury patients?

<p>Peripheral vasodilation and hypotension (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is often a requirement for patients with severe cervical injuries to improve their quality of life?

<p>Advanced technological support (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is family education important for patients likely to be paralyzed?

<p>To teach signs and symptoms of respiratory infections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Neurogenic Shock

A type of shock characterized by low blood pressure (hypotension), slow heart rate (bradycardia), and warm, dry skin.

Mechanical Ventilation

Using a machine to help a patient breathe.

C4 to C7 Spine Injuries

Injuries from the C4 to lower C7 vertebrae impacting diaphragmatic breathing.

Hypotension (in Shock)

Blood pressure below 90 systolic.

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Bradycardia (in Shock)

Heart rate below 60 beats per minute.

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Diaphragmatic Breathing

Breathing using the diaphragm, the primary muscle involved in breathing.

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Ineffective Cough

A cough that is not strong enough to clear the lungs.

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Respiratory Dysfunction (C4 Injury)

Complete loss of breathing control (complete loss of phrenic nerve function), requiring ventilation.

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Pneumonia and Atelectasis

Lung conditions caused by poor breathing.

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Respiratory Support (C4 Injury)

Mechanical ventilation is always needed to help with breathing after injury.

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Diphragmatic Breathing

Breathing controlled by the diaphragm muscle.

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Incentive Spirometer

A device that helps patients practice deep breathing exercises.

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Tracheostomy

Surgical opening into the trachea to help with breathing.

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Oral Care for Intubated Patients

Regular cleaning of the mouth for intubated patients.

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Intubated Patient Monitoring

Caretaking of patients on a ventilator, including oral care and respiratory support, even if awake.

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Neurogenic Shock Cause

Caused by damage to the cervical or high thoracic spine (T6 and higher).

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Neurogenic pulmonary edema

A lung condition caused by a sudden increase in blood flow to the lungs due to injury to the sympathetic nervous system.

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Chronic nerve stimulator

An electronic device that helps increase mobility for patients with spinal cord injuries.

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Diaphragmatic pacemakers

Electronic devices that assist in breathing for patients with spinal cord injuries.

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Cardiovascular dysfunction (above T6)

Impaired heart function, often seen above the T6 spinal cord injury level, causing bradycardia and hypotension due to sympathetic-parasympathetic imbalance.

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Bradycardia

A slow heart rate.

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Peripheral vasodilation

Widening of blood vessels in the extremities.

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Hypotension

Low blood pressure.

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Spinal cord injury infection prevention

Monitoring and maintaining respiratory health, encouraging good coughs and deep breathing exercises, for patients with spinal cord injury, especially those who might have difficulty clearing infections.

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Study Notes

Summary Keywords

  • Spinal cord injury
  • Exam extension
  • Peer-reviewed article
  • Thanksgiving break
  • Spinal shock
  • Neurogenic shock
  • Respiratory dysfunction
  • Cardiovascular dysfunction
  • Urinary retention
  • Gastrointestinal dysfunction
  • Skin breakdown
  • Hypothermia
  • Autonomic dysreflexia
  • Rehabilitation challenges
  • Patient teaching

Sensitive Organ

  • Specific organ function
  • Brain and aneurysm functions

Exam, Assignments, and Deadlines

  • Exam extension possible
  • Deadlines
  • Remaining assignment

Other Key Details

  • Time frame for work completion
  • Importance of understanding the rationale behind answers
  • Importance of the resources provided
  • Additional article submission requested

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