Spinal Cord Anatomy Quiz: Test Your Knowledge

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Questions and Answers

What is the goal of Biological Psychology?

To study the physiological, evolutionary, and developmental mechanisms of behavior and experience (correct)

To study the psychological mechanisms of behavior and experience

To study the cognitive processes involved in behavior

To study the social and environmental influences on behavior

Which type of explanation describes why a structure or behavior evolved as it did?

Physiological Explanation

Functional Explanation (correct)

Evolutionary Explanation

Ontogenetic Explanation

Why are animals sometimes used in research in Biological Psychology?

The underlying mechanisms of behavior are different across species

Legal or ethical restrictions prevent certain kinds of research on humans (correct)

Animals are easier to study than humans

Animals are not used in research in Biological Psychology

What is one of the reasons for studying animals in Biological Psychology?

To understand human evolution Signup and view all the answers

Which research method involves examining the effects of brain damage?

Examine the effects of brain damage Signup and view all the answers

What does an ontogenetic explanation describe in Biological Psychology?

How a structure or behavior develops, including genetic influences Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)?

To apply an intense magnetic field to a portion of the scalp Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Heschl’s gyrus?

To process auditory information, especially as it relates to language Signup and view all the answers

Which technique records changes in brain processes?

Electroencephalograph (EEG) Signup and view all the answers

What does Ablation refer to in the context of brain research?

Removal of a brain area Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of recording changes in brain activity during various behaviors?

To correlate brain anatomy with behavior Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Positron-Emission Tomography (PET)?

To provide a high-resolution image of brain activity Signup and view all the answers

What is Stereotaxic Instrument used for?

precise placement of electrodes in the brain Signup and view all the answers

What does Sham Lesion refer to?

removal of a procedure for control group experiment Signup and view all the answers

What does Magnetoencephalograph (MEG) measure?

faint magnetic fields generated by brain activity Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the sympathetic nervous system?

Preparing the organs for 'fight or flight' Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the spinal cord is densely packed with cell bodies and dendrites?

Gray matter Signup and view all the answers

What does the hindbrain consist of?

Cerebellum and brainstem Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the CNS sends sensory information to the brain and receives motor commands from the brain?

Spinal cord Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the parasympathetic nervous system?

Facilitating vegetative, nonemergency responses Signup and view all the answers

What is primarily composed of myelinated axons in the spinal cord?

White matter Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain is responsible for the control of movement?

Cerebellum Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Substantia Nigra in the brain?

Facilitates readiness for movement Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is considered the relay station for sensory information in the brain?

Thalamus Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Corpus Callosum in the brain?

Communication bridge in the brain Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Basal Ganglia in the brain?

Group of subcortical structures involved in motor control Signup and view all the answers

Which area of the brain is primarily responsible for storing certain kinds of memories?

Hippocampus Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Frontal Lobe in the brain?

Important for making decisions and planning movements Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain serves as a relay station for sensory information?

Thalamus Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the Tectum in the midbrain?

Vision Signup and view all the answers

What does the Ascending Portion of the brain primarily do?

Increases arousal and attention in the cerebral cortex Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Goals and Explanations

The goal of Biological Psychology is to understand the neural mechanisms underlying behavior and mental processes.
An evolutionary explanation describes why a structure or behavior evolved as it did.

Research Methods

Animals are used in research in Biological Psychology to better understand human behavior and mental processes.
One reason for studying animals is to gain insights into human psychological processes.
Ablation involves examining the effects of brain damage to understand brain function.
Lesioning involves intentionally damaging a specific area of the brain to study its function.
Sham Lesion is a control procedure where a fake lesion is created to compare with a real lesion.

Brain Imaging and Stimulation

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive technique that stimulates specific brain areas.
Electroencephalography (EEG) records changes in brain processes.
Positron-Emission Tomography (PET) is a neuroimaging technique that measures brain activity.
Magnetoencephalography (MEG) measures the magnetic fields generated by electrical activity in the brain.

Brain Structure and Function

Heschl's gyrus is involved in auditory processing.
The hindbrain consists of the cerebellum, pons, and medulla oblongata.
The gray matter in the spinal cord is densely packed with cell bodies and dendrites.
The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response.
The parasympathetic nervous system promotes relaxation and reduces stress.
The white matter in the spinal cord is primarily composed of myelinated axons.
The basal ganglia are a group of structures involved in movement control.
The Substantia Nigra is involved in motor control and dopamine production.
The Thalamus is a relay station for sensory information in the brain.
The Corpus Callosum connects the two hemispheres of the brain and facilitates inter-hemispheric communication.
The Frontal Lobe is responsible for executive functions, decision-making, and motor control.
The Hippocampus is primarily responsible for storing certain kinds of memories.
The Tectum in the midbrain serves as a relay station for sensory information.

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Test your knowledge of the anatomy of the spinal cord, including the Bell-Magendie Law, gray and white matter, and the role of dorsal and ventral roots in sensory and motor information transmission.

Spinal Cord Anatomy

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