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Questions and Answers
What percentage of individuals with cerebral palsy may experience seizures?
Which type of cerebral palsy is characterized by muscle stiffness affecting both legs more than the arms?
Which of the following is NOT a common associated medical problem for individuals with cerebral palsy?
What treatment could be utilized for managing spasticity in individuals with cerebral palsy?
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Which of the following is a common characteristic of cognitive and learning abilities in individuals with cerebral palsy?
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Which therapy is typically included in the treatment team for individuals with cerebral palsy?
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Which of the following can impact speech in individuals with cerebral palsy?
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What type of communication is often used by individuals with cerebral palsy facing speech difficulties?
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In which type of cerebral palsy is muscle tone consistently decreased, leading to potential challenges with movement control?
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What is a common misconception regarding the communication abilities of individuals with cerebral palsy?
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What is the primary cause of hydrocephalus in individuals with spina bifida?
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Which characteristic is primarily associated with spina bifida?
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Which type of spina bifida is characterized by a protrusion of the spinal cord?
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What cognitive difficulty is commonly seen in individuals with spina bifida?
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What defines the permanence of cerebral palsy?
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What is a common motor characteristic of cerebral palsy?
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Which physical characteristic may be evident in a person with spina bifida?
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What type of learning difficulty may affect individuals with spina bifida?
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Which of the following conditions is often associated with spina bifida?
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Which feature is NOT typical of cerebral palsy?
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Study Notes
Spina Bifida
- A neural tube defect (NTD)
- Types include occulta, meningocele, and myelomeningocele
- Causes include genetic factors, environmental influences, and folic acid deficiency
- Hydrocephalus is a common complication, occurring in 85% of people with Spina Bifida.
- Hydrocephalus is characterized by excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid, which can lead to brain damage.
- Tethered cord syndrome can also occur, which is a condition where the spinal cord is tethered to the surrounding tissues.
Medical Characteristics of Spina Bifida
- Partial or total paralysis
- Loss of sensation in the legs and feet.
- Challenges maintaining bowel and bladder function.
- Difficulty with hand skills, vision, and gearing.
Cognitive and Learning Characteristics of Spina Bifida
- A range of intellectual disability is possible, from none to moderate.
- Difficulty paying attention and understanding concepts.
- Impaired motor skills and memory.
- Challenges with organization and problem solving.
Language and Communication Characteristics of Spina Bifida
- Learning disability
- May use alternative forms of communication, or have difficulty communicating depending on the severity.
Physical Characteristics of Spina Bifida
- Difficulty with mobility.
- Changes in gait.
- Enlarged head
- Abnormalities on the lower backspine
Cerebral Palsy
- A disorder of movement and posture.
- Caused by non-progressive abnormality of the immature brain.
- Onset before, during, or after birth.
- Motor difficulties such as decreased control of movements.
- Non-progressive but permanent.
Types of Cerebral Palsy
- Spastic pyramidal: Spastic diplegia, hemiplegia, quadriplegia, paraplegia
- Extra pyramidal: Choreoathetoid
- Mixed Type
Diagnosis
- Assessment of movement patterns and milestones.
- Neurological examinations.
- Imaging studies (e.g., MRI, CT scan).
Associated Disabilities
- Seizures (20-30%)
- Visual impairment
- Strabismus
- Hearing Loss
- Dental cavities
- Drooling
- Swallowing difficulties
- Poor growth or nutrition.
- Reflux
- Constipation
Medical Treatment for Cerebral Palsy
- Botox
- Hippotherapy
- Homeopathy
- Hyperbaric Oxygen
- Massage
- Biofeedback
- Health professionals (DSW Nurse OT PT SLP SW Teachers)
Language and Communication Characteristics of Cerebral Palsy
- Difficulty with articulation.
- Motor difficulties can impact the ability to speak.
- Common use of assistive and alternative communication (AAC) such as APPS (CORE WORD), SSYMBOLS, and VISUALSTOGO.
Cognitive and Learning Characteristics of Cerebral Palsy
- 30-60% may have intellectual disability.
- Varies in severity.
- Ability to communicate using verbal speech does not equate to intelligence.
- Over 40% will not have intellectual disability.
Physical Characteristics of Cerebral Palsy
- Difficulty controlling and planning motor movements.
- Fine motor skills may be impaired.
Associated Medical Problems
- Seizures
- Visual impairments
- Hearing loss
- Strabismus
- Dental cavities
- Drooling
- Growth problems
- Swallowing difficulties
- Gastrointestinal issues (e.g. reflux, constipation)
Treatment for Cerebral Palsy
- Physical therapy
- Occupational therapy
- Orthotics
- Medication (for seizures, spasticity, etc.)
- Speech-Language therapy (for communication and swallowing).
- Social work support for the family and child.
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Description
Explore the intriguing aspects of Spina Bifida, a neural tube defect. This quiz covers its types, causes, medical complications, and cognitive characteristics. Test your knowledge about this condition's impact on mobility and learning.
