CH 4: Human Reproduction
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Questions and Answers

Where are sperm cells stored and matured?

  • Epididymis (correct)
  • Seminal Vesicles
  • Testes
  • Scrotum

    • Which male reproductive organ is responsible for producing sperm cells?

  • Seminal Vesicles
  • Scrotum
  • Testes (correct)
  • Epididymis

    • What is the function of the vas deferens in the male reproductive system?

  • Transport sperm from the epididymis to the urethra (correct)
  • Produce sperm cells
  • Store sperm cells
  • Produce testosterone

    • What is the role of the scrotum in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Hold the testes outside the body at an optimal temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the male reproductive system is crucial for maintaining sperm at a temperature lower than the body's core temperature?

    <p>Scrotum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of seminal vesicles in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Produce fluid that nourishes and protects sperm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Cowper's Gland (Bulbourethral Gland) in males?

    <p>Produce a mucus-like fluid to lubricate the urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does fertilization typically occur in the female reproductive system?

    <p>In the fallopian tubes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which organ does sperm production primarily occur?

    <p>Testes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ in the male reproductive system is responsible for delivering sperm into the female reproductive tract during sexual intercourse?

    <p>Penis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of testosterone in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Hormone responsible for sperm production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary hormone that drives female puberty?

    <p>Estrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the vas deferens in male reproduction?

    <p>Transport sperm to urethra for ejaculation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the male reproductive system serves a dual purpose of expelling semen and urine?

    <p>Urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the sperm cell contains enzymes essential for penetrating the egg cell during fertilization?

    <p>Acrosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the endometrium in the female reproductive system?

    <p>House and protect the embryo and fetus during pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does spermatogenesis occur within the male reproductive system?

    <p>Testes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does testosterone primarily stimulate during male puberty?

    <p>Growth of male sex organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone is responsible for stimulating the development of the follicle in the ovaries?

    <p>Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the menstrual cycle do LH levels peak, triggering ovulation?

    <p>Ovulatory phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of progesterone in the menstrual cycle if fertilization does not occur?

    <p>Leads to shedding of endometrial lining</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process involves the fusion of the nuclei of the ovum and sperm cell, resulting in a diploid zygote?

    <p>Fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is formed when a solid ball of cells known as the morula develops into a hollow, fluid-filled ball of cells?

    <p>Blastocyst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does implantation occur during pregnancy?

    <p>Uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure forms from the outer layers of the blastocyst and contributes to placenta formation?

    <p>Chorion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to refer to the developing organism after 12 weeks of gestation?

    <p>Fetus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs on day 14 of the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Ovulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of LH (Luteinizing Hormone) during the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Triggers ovulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the acrosome in a sperm cell?

    <p>Contains enzymes for penetrating the egg's outer layers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for the thickening of the endometrium in the uterus during the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chromosome composition of a mature sperm cell?

    <p>22 autosomes and one sex chromosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the menstrual cycle does ovulation occur?

    <p>Day 14</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of FSH in oogenesis?

    <p>Initiates meiosis in a follicle cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure houses 22 autosomes and one sex chromosome in an ovum?

    <p>Nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What marks the end of the luteal phase in the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Corpus luteum stops producing progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do sperm cells mature and are stored after being produced in the testes?

    <p>Epididymis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which male reproductive organ is responsible for producing sperm cells and the hormone testosterone?

    <p>Testes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the scrotum in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Maintaining optimal temperature for sperm production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the male reproductive system is crucial for maintaining the sperm at a temperature slightly lower than the body's core temperature?

    <p>Testes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the vas deferens in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Transporting sperm to the urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the male reproductive system expels semen during ejaculation?

    <p>Urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do seminal vesicles play in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Producing a fluid that nourishes and protects sperm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which part of the male reproductive system are sperm cells produced?

    <p>Testes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the epididymis in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Transporting sperm to the urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the urethra in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Expelling semen and urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the acrosome in a sperm cell?

    <p>Containing enzymes for penetrating the egg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone stimulates the thickening of the endometrium in the uterus during the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the corpus luteum in the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Producing progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the ovarian cycle does ovulation occur?

    <p>Ovulation Phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chromosome composition of a mature ovum?

    <p>23 autosomes and one sex chromosome (X or Y)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for stimulating one of the ovarian follicles each menstrual cycle?

    <p>Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of testosterone during male puberty?

    <p>Promoting the development of male secondary sexual characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of Cowper's Gland (Bulbourethral Gland) in males?

    <p>Produce a lubricating fluid to facilitate sperm passage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which male hormone plays crucial roles in developing secondary sexual characteristics and stimulating sperm maturation?

    <p>Testosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the prostate gland in males?

    <p>Produce alkaline fluid to neutralize vaginal acidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are egg cells primarily produced in females?

    <p>Ovaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the acrosome play in a sperm cell?

    <p>Contain enzymes for penetrating the egg cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the vas deferens in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Transport sperm from testes to urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which male puberty change is primarily driven by testosterone?

    <p>Voice deepening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone is responsible for the thickening of the endometrium in the uterus during the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Estrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During copulation, where are sperm cells released close to through ejaculation?

    <p>Vagina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when the blastocyst embeds itself into the endometrium?

    <p>Implantation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is produced by the corpus luteum post-ovulation to prepare the endometrium for pregnancy?

    <p>Progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure forms from the outer layers of the blastocyst and contributes to placenta formation?

    <p>Chorion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does fertilization occur high up in the female reproductive system?

    <p>Fallopian Tubes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone triggers ovulation and the formation of the corpus luteum around day 14 of the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Luteinizing Hormone (LH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process where zygote divides by mitosis while moving towards the uterus?

    <p>Mitotic Division</p> Signup and view all the answers

    After implantation, which part of the blastocyst develops into extra-embryonic membranes?

    <p>Chorion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process involves continuous mitotic division forming a solid ball of cells known as morula, then developing into a fluid-filled ball of cells termed blastocyst?

    <p>Cleavage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do sperm cells mature and are stored after being produced in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Epididymis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the vas deferens in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Transporting sperm to the urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of seminal vesicles in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Produce fluid to nourish and protect sperm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure in the male reproductive system ensures the testes remain at an optimal temperature for sperm production?

    <p>Scrotum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of testosterone in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Developing secondary sexual characteristics and stimulating sperm maturation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Cowper's Gland (Bulbourethral Gland) in males?

    <p>Neutralizing acidic urine in the urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the female reproductive system is responsible for transporting egg cells from the ovaries to the uterus?

    <p>Fallopian Tubes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the endometrium in the female reproductive system?

    <p>Site of implantation and placenta formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which male puberty change is primarily driven by testosterone?

    <p>Muscular development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does fertilization occur within the female reproductive system?

    <p>Fallopian Tubes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the process of spermatogenesis take place?

    <p>Epididymis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of testosterone in spermatogenesis?

    <p>Generating haploid sperm cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure in a sperm cell is primarily responsible for supplying energy required for motility?

    <p>Middle portion (neck)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During oogenesis, what happens to the three of the four haploid cells produced during meiosis?

    <p>They degenerate and are absorbed by the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What regulates the cyclical development of follicles in the ovaries during oogenesis?

    <p>Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone is responsible for the development of the follicle in the ovaries during the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Oestrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the menstrual cycle do progesterone levels initially decrease after ovulation?

    <p>Luteal phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of LH (Luteinizing Hormone) in the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Triggering ovulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What marks the end of the gestation period in human pregnancy?

    <p>Birth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does implantation of the blastocyst occur during human pregnancy?

    <p>Uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the acrosome in a sperm cell?

    <p>To penetrate the egg cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Cowper's Gland (Bulbourethral Gland) in males?

    <p>To neutralize acidic urine in the urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure in females that serves as the birth canal and passage for menstrual blood?

    <p>Vagina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which male secondary sexual characteristic is not primarily influenced by testosterone?

    <p>Testicle enlargement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of LH (Luteinizing Hormone) in males?

    <p>Stimulating testosterone production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does sperm cell production primarily occur within the male reproductive system?

    <p>Testes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which female hormone is responsible for the growth and development of breasts and widening of hips during puberty?

    <p>Estrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the fallopian tubes in females?

    <p>Transporting egg cells to the uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do sperm cells mature and are stored after being produced in the testes?

    <p>Epididymis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which male reproductive organ is crucial for maintaining the sperm at a temperature slightly lower than the body's core temperature?

    <p>Scrotum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the seminal vesicles in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Produce semen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure in the male reproductive system serves a dual purpose of expelling semen and urine?

    <p>Urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of testosterone during male puberty?

    <p>Development of secondary sexual characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which male hormone plays crucial roles in developing secondary sexual characteristics and stimulating sperm maturation?

    <p>Testosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the acrosome play in a sperm cell?

    <p>Triggers egg fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the prostate gland in males?

    <p>Produce seminal fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of a sperm cell is primarily responsible for supplying energy required for motility?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the process of spermatogenesis take place?

    <p>Testes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does Progesterone have on the endometrium in the menstrual cycle?

    <p>It thickens the endometrium for pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the chorion during pregnancy?

    <p>Forming the placenta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the zygote during fertilization?

    <p>It has a diploid chromosome number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does a blastocyst embed itself during pregnancy?

    <p>Uterine wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage of gestation is the developing entity referred to as a fetus?

    <p>Around 8 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of LH in the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Triggering ovulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of FSH in follicle development?

    <p>Promoting follicle growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone plays a key role in preparing the endometrium for pregnancy post-ovulation?

    <p>Progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to placenta formation during pregnancy?

    <p>Chorionic villi extension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes progesterone levels to decrease if fertilization does not occur?

    <p>Endometrial shedding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of testosterone in spermatogenesis?

    <p>Driving the division of diploid germinal epithelial cells through meiosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is involved in stimulating one of the follicles in the ovaries to enlarge during oogenesis?

    <p>Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the corpus luteum during the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Secreting progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In spermatogenesis, what is the end result of meiotic division?

    <p>Formation of four haploid spermatids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of acrosome in a sperm cell?

    <p>Containing enzymes for egg penetration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure primarily provides essential nutrients for the developing egg cell?

    <p>Cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone leads to the thickening of the endometrium as the follicle develops?

    <p>Oestrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does implantation occur in pregnancy?

    <p>Uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are sperm cells primarily produced in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Epididymis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the chorionic villi in pregnancy?

    <p>Contribute to placenta formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the male reproductive system is responsible for delivering sperm into the urethra?

    <p>Epididymis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the solid ball of cells that forms post-fertilization?

    <p>Morula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone plays a crucial role in the functioning of the male reproductive system?

    <p>Luteinizing Hormone (LH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of gestation is the developing entity referred to as a fetus?

    <p>Weeks 13-28</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the male reproductive system serves to expel both semen and urine?

    <p>Urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Seminal Vesicles in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Produce fluid that nourishes and protects sperm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Cowper's Gland (Bulbourethral Gland) in males?

    <p>Neutralizing acidic urine in the urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of a sperm cell is primarily responsible for supplying energy required for motility?

    <p>Tail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the penis in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Delivering sperm into the female reproductive tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone primarily drives female puberty?

    <p>Estrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does implantation occur during pregnancy?

    <p>Uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Graafian follicle during the ovarian cycle?

    <p>Releases an egg cell during ovulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell undergoes meiosis directly to produce mature ovum during oogenesis?

    <p>Primary oocyte</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in females during the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Regulates growth and development of ovarian follicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the acrosome in a sperm cell?

    <p>Facilitates penetration of the egg during fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the menstrual cycle does the corpus luteum secrete progesterone to prepare for potential embryo implantation?

    <p>Luteal Phase (Days 15-22)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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