CH 4: Human Reproduction
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Questions and Answers

Where are sperm cells stored and matured?

  • Epididymis (correct)
  • Seminal Vesicles
  • Testes
  • Scrotum

Which male reproductive organ is responsible for producing sperm cells?

  • Seminal Vesicles
  • Scrotum
  • Testes (correct)
  • Epididymis

What is the function of the vas deferens in the male reproductive system?

  • Transport sperm from the epididymis to the urethra (correct)
  • Produce sperm cells
  • Store sperm cells
  • Produce testosterone

What is the role of the scrotum in the male reproductive system?

<p>Hold the testes outside the body at an optimal temperature (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the male reproductive system is crucial for maintaining sperm at a temperature lower than the body's core temperature?

<p>Scrotum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of seminal vesicles in the male reproductive system?

<p>Produce fluid that nourishes and protects sperm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Cowper's Gland (Bulbourethral Gland) in males?

<p>Produce a mucus-like fluid to lubricate the urethra (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does fertilization typically occur in the female reproductive system?

<p>In the fallopian tubes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which organ does sperm production primarily occur?

<p>Testes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organ in the male reproductive system is responsible for delivering sperm into the female reproductive tract during sexual intercourse?

<p>Penis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of testosterone in the male reproductive system?

<p>Hormone responsible for sperm production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary hormone that drives female puberty?

<p>Estrogen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the vas deferens in male reproduction?

<p>Transport sperm to urethra for ejaculation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the male reproductive system serves a dual purpose of expelling semen and urine?

<p>Urethra (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the sperm cell contains enzymes essential for penetrating the egg cell during fertilization?

<p>Acrosome (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the endometrium in the female reproductive system?

<p>House and protect the embryo and fetus during pregnancy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does spermatogenesis occur within the male reproductive system?

<p>Testes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does testosterone primarily stimulate during male puberty?

<p>Growth of male sex organs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What hormone is responsible for stimulating the development of the follicle in the ovaries?

<p>Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the menstrual cycle do LH levels peak, triggering ovulation?

<p>Ovulatory phase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of progesterone in the menstrual cycle if fertilization does not occur?

<p>Leads to shedding of endometrial lining (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process involves the fusion of the nuclei of the ovum and sperm cell, resulting in a diploid zygote?

<p>Fertilization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is formed when a solid ball of cells known as the morula develops into a hollow, fluid-filled ball of cells?

<p>Blastocyst (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does implantation occur during pregnancy?

<p>Uterus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure forms from the outer layers of the blastocyst and contributes to placenta formation?

<p>Chorion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to refer to the developing organism after 12 weeks of gestation?

<p>Fetus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs on day 14 of the menstrual cycle?

<p>Ovulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of LH (Luteinizing Hormone) during the menstrual cycle?

<p>Triggers ovulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the acrosome in a sperm cell?

<p>Contains enzymes for penetrating the egg's outer layers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for the thickening of the endometrium in the uterus during the menstrual cycle?

<p>Progesterone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the chromosome composition of a mature sperm cell?

<p>22 autosomes and one sex chromosome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the menstrual cycle does ovulation occur?

<p>Day 14 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of FSH in oogenesis?

<p>Initiates meiosis in a follicle cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure houses 22 autosomes and one sex chromosome in an ovum?

<p>Nucleus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What marks the end of the luteal phase in the menstrual cycle?

<p>Corpus luteum stops producing progesterone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do sperm cells mature and are stored after being produced in the testes?

<p>Epididymis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which male reproductive organ is responsible for producing sperm cells and the hormone testosterone?

<p>Testes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the scrotum in the male reproductive system?

<p>Maintaining optimal temperature for sperm production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the male reproductive system is crucial for maintaining the sperm at a temperature slightly lower than the body's core temperature?

<p>Testes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the vas deferens in the male reproductive system?

<p>Transporting sperm to the urethra (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the male reproductive system expels semen during ejaculation?

<p>Urethra (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do seminal vesicles play in the male reproductive system?

<p>Producing a fluid that nourishes and protects sperm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which part of the male reproductive system are sperm cells produced?

<p>Testes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the epididymis in the male reproductive system?

<p>Transporting sperm to the urethra (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the urethra in the male reproductive system?

<p>Expelling semen and urine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the acrosome in a sperm cell?

<p>Containing enzymes for penetrating the egg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone stimulates the thickening of the endometrium in the uterus during the menstrual cycle?

<p>Progesterone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the corpus luteum in the menstrual cycle?

<p>Producing progesterone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the ovarian cycle does ovulation occur?

<p>Ovulation Phase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the chromosome composition of a mature ovum?

<p>23 autosomes and one sex chromosome (X or Y) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for stimulating one of the ovarian follicles each menstrual cycle?

<p>Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of testosterone during male puberty?

<p>Promoting the development of male secondary sexual characteristics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Cowper's Gland (Bulbourethral Gland) in males?

<p>Produce a lubricating fluid to facilitate sperm passage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which male hormone plays crucial roles in developing secondary sexual characteristics and stimulating sperm maturation?

<p>Testosterone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the prostate gland in males?

<p>Produce alkaline fluid to neutralize vaginal acidity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are egg cells primarily produced in females?

<p>Ovaries (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the acrosome play in a sperm cell?

<p>Contain enzymes for penetrating the egg cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the vas deferens in the male reproductive system?

<p>Transport sperm from testes to urethra (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which male puberty change is primarily driven by testosterone?

<p>Voice deepening (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What hormone is responsible for the thickening of the endometrium in the uterus during the menstrual cycle?

<p>Estrogen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During copulation, where are sperm cells released close to through ejaculation?

<p>Vagina (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when the blastocyst embeds itself into the endometrium?

<p>Implantation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is produced by the corpus luteum post-ovulation to prepare the endometrium for pregnancy?

<p>Progesterone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structure forms from the outer layers of the blastocyst and contributes to placenta formation?

<p>Chorion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does fertilization occur high up in the female reproductive system?

<p>Fallopian Tubes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone triggers ovulation and the formation of the corpus luteum around day 14 of the menstrual cycle?

<p>Luteinizing Hormone (LH) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process where zygote divides by mitosis while moving towards the uterus?

<p>Mitotic Division (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After implantation, which part of the blastocyst develops into extra-embryonic membranes?

<p>Chorion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process involves continuous mitotic division forming a solid ball of cells known as morula, then developing into a fluid-filled ball of cells termed blastocyst?

<p>Cleavage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do sperm cells mature and are stored after being produced in the male reproductive system?

<p>Epididymis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the vas deferens in the male reproductive system?

<p>Transporting sperm to the urethra (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of seminal vesicles in the male reproductive system?

<p>Produce fluid to nourish and protect sperm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in the male reproductive system ensures the testes remain at an optimal temperature for sperm production?

<p>Scrotum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of testosterone in the male reproductive system?

<p>Developing secondary sexual characteristics and stimulating sperm maturation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Cowper's Gland (Bulbourethral Gland) in males?

<p>Neutralizing acidic urine in the urethra (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the female reproductive system is responsible for transporting egg cells from the ovaries to the uterus?

<p>Fallopian Tubes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the endometrium in the female reproductive system?

<p>Site of implantation and placenta formation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which male puberty change is primarily driven by testosterone?

<p>Muscular development (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does fertilization occur within the female reproductive system?

<p>Fallopian Tubes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the process of spermatogenesis take place?

<p>Epididymis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of testosterone in spermatogenesis?

<p>Generating haploid sperm cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in a sperm cell is primarily responsible for supplying energy required for motility?

<p>Middle portion (neck) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During oogenesis, what happens to the three of the four haploid cells produced during meiosis?

<p>They degenerate and are absorbed by the body (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What regulates the cyclical development of follicles in the ovaries during oogenesis?

<p>Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What hormone is responsible for the development of the follicle in the ovaries during the menstrual cycle?

<p>Oestrogen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the menstrual cycle do progesterone levels initially decrease after ovulation?

<p>Luteal phase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of LH (Luteinizing Hormone) in the menstrual cycle?

<p>Triggering ovulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What marks the end of the gestation period in human pregnancy?

<p>Birth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does implantation of the blastocyst occur during human pregnancy?

<p>Uterus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the acrosome in a sperm cell?

<p>To penetrate the egg cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Cowper's Gland (Bulbourethral Gland) in males?

<p>To neutralize acidic urine in the urethra (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure in females that serves as the birth canal and passage for menstrual blood?

<p>Vagina (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which male secondary sexual characteristic is not primarily influenced by testosterone?

<p>Testicle enlargement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of LH (Luteinizing Hormone) in males?

<p>Stimulating testosterone production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does sperm cell production primarily occur within the male reproductive system?

<p>Testes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which female hormone is responsible for the growth and development of breasts and widening of hips during puberty?

<p>Estrogen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the fallopian tubes in females?

<p>Transporting egg cells to the uterus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do sperm cells mature and are stored after being produced in the testes?

<p>Epididymis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which male reproductive organ is crucial for maintaining the sperm at a temperature slightly lower than the body's core temperature?

<p>Scrotum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the seminal vesicles in the male reproductive system?

<p>Produce semen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in the male reproductive system serves a dual purpose of expelling semen and urine?

<p>Urethra (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of testosterone during male puberty?

<p>Development of secondary sexual characteristics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which male hormone plays crucial roles in developing secondary sexual characteristics and stimulating sperm maturation?

<p>Testosterone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the acrosome play in a sperm cell?

<p>Triggers egg fertilization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the prostate gland in males?

<p>Produce seminal fluid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of a sperm cell is primarily responsible for supplying energy required for motility?

<p>Mitochondria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the process of spermatogenesis take place?

<p>Testes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does Progesterone have on the endometrium in the menstrual cycle?

<p>It thickens the endometrium for pregnancy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the chorion during pregnancy?

<p>Forming the placenta (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the zygote during fertilization?

<p>It has a diploid chromosome number (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does a blastocyst embed itself during pregnancy?

<p>Uterine wall (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of gestation is the developing entity referred to as a fetus?

<p>Around 8 weeks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of LH in the menstrual cycle?

<p>Triggering ovulation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of FSH in follicle development?

<p>Promoting follicle growth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone plays a key role in preparing the endometrium for pregnancy post-ovulation?

<p>Progesterone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to placenta formation during pregnancy?

<p>Chorionic villi extension (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes progesterone levels to decrease if fertilization does not occur?

<p>Endometrial shedding (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of testosterone in spermatogenesis?

<p>Driving the division of diploid germinal epithelial cells through meiosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is involved in stimulating one of the follicles in the ovaries to enlarge during oogenesis?

<p>Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the corpus luteum during the menstrual cycle?

<p>Secreting progesterone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In spermatogenesis, what is the end result of meiotic division?

<p>Formation of four haploid spermatids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of acrosome in a sperm cell?

<p>Containing enzymes for egg penetration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure primarily provides essential nutrients for the developing egg cell?

<p>Cytoplasm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone leads to the thickening of the endometrium as the follicle develops?

<p>Oestrogen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does implantation occur in pregnancy?

<p>Uterus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are sperm cells primarily produced in the male reproductive system?

<p>Epididymis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the chorionic villi in pregnancy?

<p>Contribute to placenta formation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the male reproductive system is responsible for delivering sperm into the urethra?

<p>Epididymis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the solid ball of cells that forms post-fertilization?

<p>Morula (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What hormone plays a crucial role in the functioning of the male reproductive system?

<p>Luteinizing Hormone (LH) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of gestation is the developing entity referred to as a fetus?

<p>Weeks 13-28 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the male reproductive system serves to expel both semen and urine?

<p>Urethra (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Seminal Vesicles in the male reproductive system?

<p>Produce fluid that nourishes and protects sperm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Cowper's Gland (Bulbourethral Gland) in males?

<p>Neutralizing acidic urine in the urethra (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of a sperm cell is primarily responsible for supplying energy required for motility?

<p>Tail (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the penis in the male reproductive system?

<p>Delivering sperm into the female reproductive tract (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone primarily drives female puberty?

<p>Estrogen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does implantation occur during pregnancy?

<p>Uterus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Graafian follicle during the ovarian cycle?

<p>Releases an egg cell during ovulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cell undergoes meiosis directly to produce mature ovum during oogenesis?

<p>Primary oocyte (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in females during the menstrual cycle?

<p>Regulates growth and development of ovarian follicles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the acrosome in a sperm cell?

<p>Facilitates penetration of the egg during fertilization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the menstrual cycle does the corpus luteum secrete progesterone to prepare for potential embryo implantation?

<p>Luteal Phase (Days 15-22) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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