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Questions and Answers
What is the function of vesicles in animal cells?
What is the function of vesicles in animal cells?
Transport material around the cell / out of cell
Explain the role of the endoplasmic reticulum in animal cells.
Explain the role of the endoplasmic reticulum in animal cells.
Site of protein synthesis
How do chloroplasts contribute to the functioning of plant cells?
How do chloroplasts contribute to the functioning of plant cells?
Carry out photosynthesis
What is the function of red blood cells in the body?
What is the function of red blood cells in the body?
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Explain how the structure of red blood cells is adapted for their function.
Explain how the structure of red blood cells is adapted for their function.
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How do ciliated epithelial cells in the respiratory system help keep the lungs clean?
How do ciliated epithelial cells in the respiratory system help keep the lungs clean?
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What are the main organelles found in a sperm cell and their functions?
What are the main organelles found in a sperm cell and their functions?
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How do sperm and egg cells differ in terms of size and motility?
How do sperm and egg cells differ in terms of size and motility?
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Explain the role of mitochondria in egg cells.
Explain the role of mitochondria in egg cells.
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Differentiate between sperm and egg cells in terms of food storage and origin.
Differentiate between sperm and egg cells in terms of food storage and origin.
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Study Notes
Cellular Organelles and Functions
- Vesicles in animal cells are involved in transporting and storing materials within the cell.
- The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in animal cells plays a crucial role in protein synthesis, lipid synthesis, and detoxification, and is divided into two types: rough ER (with ribosomes) and smooth ER (without ribosomes).
Chloroplasts in Plant Cells
- Chloroplasts contribute to the functioning of plant cells by carrying out photosynthesis, producing glucose and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water.
Red Blood Cells
- Red blood cells, also known as erythrocytes, are responsible for transporting oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues and carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs.
- The structure of red blood cells is adapted for their function, with a biconcave disk shape, flexible membrane, and lack of organelles, allowing for efficient gas exchange and deformation through narrow blood vessels.
Ciliated Epithelial Cells
- Ciliated epithelial cells in the respiratory system help keep the lungs clean by using their cilia to move mucus and trapped particles out of the lungs.
Sperm Cells
- The main organelles found in a sperm cell are the acrosome (containing enzymes for fertilization), mitochondria (generating energy for motility), and flagellum (providing motility).
- Sperm cells are small, motile, and produced in the testes.
Egg Cells
- Egg cells, also known as ova, are large, non-motile, and produced in the ovaries.
- Mitochondria in egg cells provide energy for cell division and development after fertilization.
Sperm and Egg Cell Comparison
- Sperm cells have little to no stored food, while egg cells have a large amount of stored nutrients.
- Sperm cells originate from the testes, while egg cells originate from the ovaries.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the characteristics and identification of specialized animal and plant cells. Learn about the unique features of these cells and their functions under the microscope.
