Special Senses: Anatomy and Physiology

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is considered a special sense?

  • Pain
  • Temperature
  • Touch
  • Taste (correct)

Olfaction is another word for the sense of taste.

False (B)

What are the five basic taste sensations?

sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami

The colored part of the eye that controls the amount of light entering is the ______.

<p>iris</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is responsible for the eye's ability to focus on objects at different distances?

<p>Lens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The optic disc is the area where photoreceptor cells are most dense.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the structure that separates the outer ear from the middle ear?

<p>tympanic membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

The three small bones located in the middle ear are collectively known as the auditory ______.

<p>ossicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which part of the ear are the receptors for hearing located?

<p>Inner ear (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Dynamic equilibrium refers to maintaining balance when the body is stationary.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

General vs. Special Senses

General senses are widely distributed throughout the body and include touch, temperature, pain, and pressure. Special senses are localized and include vision, hearing, taste, smell, and equilibrium.

Chemical Senses

The two chemical senses are olfaction (smell) and gustation (taste).

Odor Detection

Olfactory receptors in the nasal cavity detect different odors. These receptors are specialized neurons that bind to specific odor molecules.

Olfactory Cortex Location

The olfactory cortex is located in the temporal lobe of the brain.

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Gustatory Receptors

Receptor cells for gustation are called gustatory receptor cells, located in taste buds.

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Basic Taste Sensations

The five basic taste sensations are sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and umami.

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Gustatory Cortex Location

The gustatory cortex is located in the insula of the brain.

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Retina

The retina is the inner layer of the eye containing photoreceptors.

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Rods vs. Cones

Rods are photoreceptors sensitive to low light, enabling night vision. Cones are photoreceptors responsible for color vision and visual acuity in bright light.

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Outer and Middle Ear

The auricle (pinna) collects sound waves, the tympanic membrane (eardrum) vibrates in response to sound, and auditory ossicles (malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), stapes (stirrup)) transmit vibrations to the inner ear.

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