Spanish Verbs and Conjugation Types

Types of Spanish Verbs

• Regular Verbs: Follow standard conjugation patterns (e.g., hablar, comer)
• Irregular Verbs: Do not follow standard patterns (e.g., ser, ir, tener)
• Stem-Changing Verbs: Change their stem vowel in certain forms (e.g., poder, pedir)
• Verbs Ending in -car, -gar, -zar: Undergo spelling changes in the preterite (e.g., buscar, jugar, empezar)
• Reflexive Verbs: Indicate the subject performs an action on itself (e.g., lavarse)

Conjugation and Moods

• Present Tense: Regular verbs conjugated with endings (-ar, -er, -ir). (e.g., hablo, como)
• Subjunctive Mood: Used for desires, doubts, or hypotheticals. Irregular verbs have specific forms (e.g., sea, vaya).
• Imperative Mood: Used for commands
  • Affirmative: Third person singular present indicative form. (e.g., habla, come)
  • Irregular: Some verbs have unique forms (e.g., ir - ve, ser - sé)
  • Placement of Pronouns: Attached to end of commands (e.g., tómalas)
  • Negative: Present subjunctive form preceded by 'no'. (e.g., no hables, no comas)
  • Placement of Pronouns: Following the 'no' (e.g., no las tomes)

Subjunctive Mood - Irregular Verbs

• Common Irregulars: dar (dé), haber (haya), ir (vaya), saber (sepa), ser (sea).
• Usage: Expressing wishes, emotions, or possibilities (e.g., Espero que él venga)
• Plural Forms: For nosotros, use specific subjunctive forms (e.g., demos, vayamos)

Subjunctive Mood - Regular & Stem-Changing Verbs

• Regular Formation: Follow specific endings for -ar and -er/-ir verbs in the subjunctive (e.g., -e, -es, -a, -as)
• Stem-Changing Verbs: Maintain stem changes in the subjunctive (e.g., poder - pueda, saltar - salte)