Spanish Numbers and Family

Numbers 1-100

• 1-10:
  • 1. uno
  • 2. dos
  • 3. tres
  • 4. cuatro
  • 5. cinco
  • 6. seis
  • 7. siete
  • 8. ocho
  • 9. nueve
  • 10. diez
• 11-20:
  • 11. once
  • 12. doce
  • 13. trece
  • 14. catorce
  • 15. quince
  • 16. dieciséis
  • 17. diecisiete
  • 18. dieciocho
  • 19. diecinueve
  • 20. veinte
• Tens:
  • 30. treinta
  • 40. cuarenta
  • 50. cincuenta
  • 60. sesenta
  • 70. setenta
  • 80. ochenta
  • 90. noventa
• Hundreds:
  • 100. cien

Family Members

• Immediate family:
  • Father: padre
  • Mother: madre
  • Brother: hermano
  • Sister: hermana
  • Son: hijo
  • Daughter: hija
• Extended family:
  • Grandfather: abuelo
  • Grandmother: abuela
  • Grandson: nieto
  • Granddaughter: nieta
  • Uncle: tío
  • Aunt: tía
  • Cousin: primo/prima

Basic Greetings

• Hello:
  • Formal: hola (OH-lah)
  • Informal: hola (OH-lah)
• Goodbye:
  • Formal: adiós (ah-DEE-yos)
  • Informal: adiós (ah-DEE-yos) or chau (CHOW)
• Introductions:
  • My name is [name]: me llamo [name]
  • Nice to meet you: encantado/a (en-kah-tah-DOH)
• Other basic phrases:
  • How are you?: ¿cómo estás? (KOH-moh eh-STAH)
  • I'm fine, thank you: estoy bien, gracias (eh-STOH bee-EHN GRAH-see-ahs)

Days of the Week

• Monday: lunes (LOO-nays)
• Tuesday: martes (MAHR-tays)
• Wednesday: miércoles (mee-EHR-koh-lehs)
• Thursday: jueves (HWEH-vays)
• Friday: viernes (vee-EH-rehs)
• Saturday: sábado (SAH-bah-thoh)
• Sunday: domingo (doh-MEE-ngoh)

Alphabet and Pronunciation

• Spanish alphabet: same as English alphabet, except for additional letters ñ (eñe) and ü (u with diaeresis)
• Accents:
  • Á, É, Í, Ó, Ú: stress on the syllable
  • Ü: sounds like German "ü" or French "u"
• Vowels:
  • A: like "a" in "father"
  • E: like "e" in "pet"
  • I: like "ee" in "meet"
  • O: like "o" in "go"
  • U: like "oo" in "boot"
• Consonants:
  • C: like "th" in "thin" before E, I
  • Z: like "th" in "this" before E, I
  • R: rolled "r" sound
  • LL: like "y" in "yes"
  • Ñ: like "ny" in "canyon"

Numbers 1-100

• Spanish numbers 1-10 are: uno, dos, tres, cuatro, cinco, seis, siete, ocho, nueve, diez
• Spanish numbers 11-20 are: once, doce, trece, catorce, quince, dieciséis, diecisiete, dieciocho, diecinueve, veinte
• Tens in Spanish are: treinta, cuarenta, cincuenta, sesenta, setenta, ochenta, noventa
• 100 in Spanish is: cien

Family Members

• Immediate family members in Spanish are: padre (father), madre (mother), hermano (brother), hermana (sister), hijo (son), hija (daughter)
• Extended family members in Spanish are: abuelo (grandfather), abuela (grandmother), nieto (grandson), nieta (granddaughter), tío (uncle), tía (aunt), primo/prima (cousin)

Basic Greetings

• Hello in Spanish can be formal or informal, both are "hola" (OH-lah)
• Goodbye in Spanish can be formal or informal, formal is "adiós" (ah-DEE-yos), informal is "adiós" (ah-DEE-yos) or "chau" (CHOW)
• Introductions in Spanish are: "me llamo" (my name is) followed by your name, and "encantado/a" (nice to meet you)
• "¿cómo estás?" (KOH-moh eh-STAH) means "how are you?", and "estoy bien, gracias" (eh-STOH bee-EHN GRAH-see-ahs) means "I'm fine, thank you"

Days of the Week

• Monday in Spanish is: lunes (LOO-nays)
• Tuesday in Spanish is: martes (MAHR-tays)
• Wednesday in Spanish is: miércoles (mee-EHR-koh-lehs)
• Thursday in Spanish is: jueves (HWEH-vays)
• Friday in Spanish is: viernes (vee-EH-rehs)
• Saturday in Spanish is: sábado (SAH-bah-thoh)
• Sunday in Spanish is: domingo (doh-MEE-ngoh)

Alphabet and Pronunciation

• The Spanish alphabet has the same letters as English, plus ñ (eñe) and ü (u with diaeresis)
• Accents in Spanish indicate stress on the syllable, except for ü which sounds like German "ü" or French "u"
• Vowels in Spanish are pronounced as: A like "a" in "father", E like "e" in "pet", I like "ee" in "meet", O like "o" in "go", U like "oo" in "boot"
• Consonants in Spanish are pronounced as: C like "th" in "thin" before E, I, Z like "th" in "this" before E, I, R with a rolled "r" sound, LL like "y" in "yes", Ñ like "ny" in "canyon"