Spanish History: The Second Republic and Civil War

The branch of government responsible for creating laws.

The branch of government responsible for enforcing laws.

The branch of government responsible for interpreting and applying laws.

The highest court in Spain. It oversees the judicial system.

The Spanish court that ensures laws comply with the Constitution.

Period from 1939-1959 in Spain, characterized by self-sufficiency, isolation, and strict government control.

Period from 1960-1975 in Spain, marked by economic growth plans, industrialization, and increased tourism.

A form of government under Francisco Franco that restricted freedoms and suppressed opposition.

The Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) led to the rise of Francisco Franco and his dictatorship.

Franco's dictatorship had a significant impact on Spanish society, leading to migration, shifts in social dynamics, and political dissent.

The Spanish Civil War occurred between 1936 and 1939 as a result of a military coup by generals in the Spanish army against the Republic.

A group of Spanish army generals launched a rebellion against the Republic on July 18, 1936, aiming to seize control of the country.

The rebel zone included areas controlled by the rebels, while the republican zone represented areas loyal to the Republic. They remained separate regions throughout the war.

The rebels gained military strength and received significant support from Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, contributing to their eventual victory.

The Republican side lacked organization and unity, making it vulnerable to the superior rebel army. They also received less international support.

The political system established in Spain after the fall of the monarchy in 1931. It aimed to introduce democratic reforms and address social injustices.

A set of measures taken during the Second Republic to address social disparities and inequities, such as improving worker's rights and land distribution.

A key component of the Second Republic's reforms, aimed at giving land to farmers who were struggling to make a living.

The period of political instability and unrest that led to the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War in 1936.

The attempt to resolve societal problems by addressing their root causes and promoting social unity. A key idea within the Second Republic.

King Juan Carlos I, appointed by Franco as his successor, took on the role of leading Spain into a democratic era by initiating the Transition. This process involved a shift from the Francoist dictatorship towards a democratic system of government.

The transition was facilitated through a series of negotiations and compromises with different political groups, including reformists, conservatives, and progressives. This collaborative effort played a crucial role in creating a new political structure that allowed all parties to participate in the decision-making process.

The first democratic elections in Spain since the Second Republic took place in 1977. This marked a monumental shift in Spanish political history, allowing for the emergence of diverse political parties and the representation of different social groups.

The 1978 Constitution was a cornerstone document, outlining the fundamental rights and freedoms of Spanish citizens. It enshrined democratic principles, established a system of checks and balances, and laid the groundwork for a modern, constitutional democracy.

The transition paved the way for the recognition of various fundamental rights for Spanish citizens. These rights included freedom of speech, freedom of association, and the right to participate in political life. These essential freedoms were secured by the new democratic system.

A period in Spain from 1902 to 1931, marked by political and social changes, including economic crises, a military dictatorship and ultimately, the transition to a Republic.

A system where conservative and liberal parties took turns in power, often leading to corruption and lack of long-term policies.

A military coup led by General Primo de Rivera in 1923, which abolished Spain's constitution, suppressed political activity and established a dictatorship.

A period of dictatorship in Spain from 1923 to 1930 under General Primo de Rivera, benefiting initially from post-WWI economic boom, but failing due to lack of popular support.

The declaration of the Second Spanish Republic in 1931, following the Republican Party's victory in municipal elections and Alfonso XIII's forced abdication.

The loss of Cuba and the Philippines in 1898, marking a decline in Spain's colonial power and leading to further political and economic instability.

A period of positive economic influences in Spain, stemming from the end of World War I and the Rif War in Morocco, providing a temporary economic boost.