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Questions and Answers
What were the Republicans loyal to during the Spanish Civil War?
What were the Republicans loyal to during the Spanish Civil War?
Who were part of the Republican faction during the Spanish Civil War?
Who were part of the Republican faction during the Spanish Civil War?
Which political figure played a preponderant role among the Nationalists during the Spanish Civil War?
Which political figure played a preponderant role among the Nationalists during the Spanish Civil War?
How long did the Spanish Civil War last?
How long did the Spanish Civil War last?
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What did Claude Bowers consider the Spanish Civil War to be a 'dress rehearsal' for?
What did Claude Bowers consider the Spanish Civil War to be a 'dress rehearsal' for?
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Who ruled Spain until Franco's death in November 1975?
Who ruled Spain until Franco's death in November 1975?
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What was the official policy of countries like the United Kingdom, France, and the United States during the Spanish Civil War?
What was the official policy of countries like the United Kingdom, France, and the United States during the Spanish Civil War?
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What was the outcome of Colonel Segismundo Casado's military coup against the Republican government?
What was the outcome of Colonel Segismundo Casado's military coup against the Republican government?
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What event prompted France and the United Kingdom to recognize the Francoist regime in February 1939?
What event prompted France and the United Kingdom to recognize the Francoist regime in February 1939?
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What was a significant consequence of the capture of much of Catalonia in 1938 and 1939 during the Spanish Civil War?
What was a significant consequence of the capture of much of Catalonia in 1938 and 1939 during the Spanish Civil War?
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What characterized the aftermath of the Spanish Civil War in terms of political persecution?
What characterized the aftermath of the Spanish Civil War in terms of political persecution?
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Who was the primary planner and leader of the coup d'état of July 1936 against the Republican government in Spain?
Who was the primary planner and leader of the coup d'état of July 1936 against the Republican government in Spain?
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Which political party supported the Nationalist faction in the Spanish Civil War?
Which political party supported the Nationalist faction in the Spanish Civil War?
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Where did the Nationalist forces receive support from during the Spanish Civil War?
Where did the Nationalist forces receive support from during the Spanish Civil War?
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Which city remained under the control of the government and did not fall to the Nationalist forces during the Spanish Civil War?
Which city remained under the control of the government and did not fall to the Nationalist forces during the Spanish Civil War?
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Who emerged as the leader of the Nationalist side after the deaths of Sanjurjo, Emilio Mola, and Manuel Goded Llopis?
Who emerged as the leader of the Nationalist side after the deaths of Sanjurjo, Emilio Mola, and Manuel Goded Llopis?
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Study Notes
The Spanish Civil War
- The Spanish Civil War was fought from 1936 to 1939 between the Republicans and the Nationalists.
- The Republicans were loyal to the left-leaning Popular Front government of the Second Spanish Republic.
- The Nationalists were an alliance of Falangists, monarchists, conservatives, and traditionalists led by a military junta under General Francisco Franco.
International Involvement
- The war was viewed as a dress rehearsal for World War II by U.S. Ambassador to Spain Claude Bowers.
- Countries like the United Kingdom, France, and the United States followed an official policy of non-intervention.
- Despite this, tens of thousands of citizens from non-interventionist countries directly participated in the conflict.
The War
- The Nationalists advanced from their strongholds in the south and west, capturing most of Spain's northern coastline in 1937.
- They besieged Madrid and the area to its south and west for much of the war.
- Catalonia was captured in 1938 and 1939, and Madrid was cut off from Barcelona, making the Republican military position hopeless.
The End of the War
- Following the fall of Barcelona in January 1939, the Francoist regime was recognised by France and the United Kingdom in February 1939.
- Colonel Segismundo Casado led a military coup against the Republican government in March 1939, seeking peace with the Nationalists.
- Franco entered Madrid and declared victory on 1 April 1939, establishing a dictatorship.
Aftermath
- Hundreds of thousands of Spaniards fled to refugee camps in southern France.
- Those associated with the losing Republicans who stayed were persecuted by the victorious Nationalists.
- The war became notable for the passion and political division it inspired worldwide and for the many atrocities that occurred.
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Description
Learn about the Spanish Civil War fought between Republicans and Nationalists from 1936 to 1939. Republicans supported the left-leaning Popular Front government while Nationalists were an alliance of Falangists, monarchists, conservatives, and traditionalists.
