Spanish 1230 Exam 1 Grammar Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is a direct object?

Indicates who/what receives the action.

What is an indirect object?

Indicates who/what benefits from the action.

What typically responds to the question 'what?'?

The direct object.

What typically responds to the questions 'to who?' or 'to what?'?

<p>The indirect object.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do direct and indirect object pronouns differ?

<p>In their forms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'agradecer' mean?

<p>To thank.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'dar' mean?

<p>To give.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'decir' mean?

<p>To say.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'explicar' mean?

<p>To explain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'eligir' mean?

<p>To demand.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'regalar' mean?

<p>To give (a gift).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pedir' mean?

<p>To ask (for).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'preguntar' mean?

<p>To ask (a question).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'prestar' mean?

<p>To lend.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'prohibir' mean?

<p>To prohibit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'recomendar' mean?

<p>To recommend.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are affirmative commands and verb groups with infinitives commonly known for?

<p>Pronouns are at the end and attached to the verb.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'prefirió'?

<p>Preferir third person preterite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'pidió'?

<p>Pedir third person preterite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'murió'?

<p>Morir third person preterite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'divirtió'?

<p>Divertir third person preterite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'mintió'?

<p>Mentir third person preterite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'sintió'?

<p>Sentir third person preterite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'sugirió'?

<p>Sugerir third person preterite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'sirvió'?

<p>Servir third person preterite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'durmió'?

<p>Dormir third person preterite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'anduve'?

<p>Andar yo form preterite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'conduje'?

<p>Conducir yo form preterite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'di'?

<p>Dar yo form preterite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'dije'?

<p>Decir yo form preterite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'estuve'?

<p>Estar yo form preterite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'hice'?

<p>Hacer yo form preterite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'fui'?

<p>Ir yo form preterite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'pude'?

<p>Poder yo form preterite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'puse'?

<p>Poner yo form preterite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'quise'?

<p>Querer yo form preterite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'supe'?

<p>Saber yo form preterite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'fui'?

<p>Ser yo form preterite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'tuve'?

<p>Tener yo form preterite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'traje'?

<p>Traer yo form preterite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'vine'?

<p>Venir yo form preterite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'iba'?

<p>Ir yo form imperfect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'era'?

<p>Ser yo form imperfect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'veía'?

<p>Ver yo form imperfect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what tense do all of the irregular imperfect verbs have accents?

<p>In the imperfect tense.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'acabar' mean?

<p>To run out of something.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'terminar' mean?

<p>To run out.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'caer' mean?

<p>To fall.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'olvidar' mean?

<p>To forget.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'perder' mean?

<p>To lose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'quedar' mean?

<p>To remain/to leave behind.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'quemar' mean?

<p>To burn.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'mojar' mean?

<p>To get wet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'romper' mean?

<p>To break.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are possessive adjectives used for?

<p>To mark an action owner different from an action doer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the present perfect used for?

<p>Expresses actions that were completed or started in the past but are still relevant in the present.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'abierto' mean?

<p>Abrir past participle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cubierto' mean?

<p>Cubrir past participle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'dicho' mean?

<p>Decir past participle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'descubierto' mean?

<p>Descubrir past participle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'escrito' mean?

<p>Escribir past participle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hecho' mean?

<p>Hacer past participle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'ido' mean?

<p>Ir past participle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'muerto' mean?

<p>Morir past participle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'puesto' mean?

<p>Poner past participle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'resuelto' mean?

<p>Resolver past participle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'roto' mean?

<p>Romper past participle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'visto' mean?

<p>Ver past participle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'vuelto' mean?

<p>Volver past participle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'pluscuamperfecto' used for?

<p>Used to refer to an action in the past that occurred prior to a point of reference in the past.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'caer bien/mal' mean?

<p>To like/dislike (someone).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'convenir' mean?

<p>To be suitable/a good idea.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'doler' mean?

<p>To hurt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'encantar' mean?

<p>To love (things).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hacer falta' mean?

<p>To need.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'importar' mean?

<p>To matter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'interesar' mean?

<p>To interest.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'molestar' mean?

<p>To bother.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'parecer' mean?

<p>To seem.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'preocupar' mean?

<p>To worry.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'quedar' mean?

<p>To have left.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'tocar' mean?

<p>To be one's turn.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'acordarse' mean?

<p>To remember.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'beberse' mean?

<p>To drink up.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'comerse' mean?

<p>To eat up.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'dormirse' mean?

<p>To fall asleep.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'irse' mean?

<p>To leave.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'llamarse' mean?

<p>To be named.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'parecerse' mean?

<p>To look like.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'acostarse' mean?

<p>To get out of bed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'afeitarse' mean?

<p>To shave (oneself).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'despertarse' mean?

<p>To wake up (oneself).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'ducharse' mean?

<p>To shower (oneself).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'levantarse' mean?

<p>To get (oneself) up.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'maquillarse' mean?

<p>To put on makeup.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'peinarse' mean?

<p>To comb (one's hair).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'vestirse' mean?

<p>To get (oneself) dressed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Direct and Indirect Objects

  • A direct object indicates who or what receives the action of the verb.
  • An indirect object indicates who or what benefits from the action.
  • Direct objects often answer the question "what?" while indirect objects answer "to whom?" or "to what?".

Pronouns

  • In third person forms, direct and indirect object pronouns differ.
  • Affirmative commands place pronouns at the end and attached to the verb.

Common Verbs and Their Translations

  • agradecer: to thank
  • dar: to give
  • decir: to say
  • explicar: to explain
  • eligir: to demand
  • regalar: to give (as a gift)
  • pedir: to ask (for)
  • preguntar: to ask (a question)
  • prestar: to lend
  • prohibir: to prohibit
  • recomendar: to recommend

Preterite Tense Forms

  • Variations of verbs in the third person preterite include:
    • preferir: prefirió
    • pedir: pidió
    • morir: murió
    • divertir: divirtió
    • mentir: mintió
    • sentir: sintió
    • sugerir: sugirió
    • servir: sirvió
    • dormir: durmió

Yo Form Preterite Conjugations

  • andar: anduve
  • conducir: conduje
  • dar: di
  • decir: dije
  • estar: estuve
  • hacer: hice
  • ir: fui
  • poder: pude
  • poner: puse
  • querer: quise
  • saber: supe
  • ser: fui
  • tener: tuve
  • traer: traje
  • venir: vine

Imperfect Tense Forms

  • Common forms in the imperfect tense include:
    • ir: iba
    • ser: era
    • ver: veía
  • All irregular imperfect verbs maintain accents.

Expressions and Actions

  • caer bien/mal: to like/dislike someone
  • convenir: to be suitable/a good idea
  • doler: to hurt
  • encantar: to love things
  • hacer falta: to need
  • importar: to matter
  • interesar: to interest
  • molestar: to bother
  • parecer: to seem
  • preocupar: to worry
  • quedar: to have left
  • tocar: to be one's turn

Reflexive Verbs

  • acordarse: to remember
  • beberse: to drink up
  • comerse: to eat up
  • dormirse: to fall asleep
  • irse: to leave
  • llamarse: to be named
  • parecerse: to look like
  • acostarse: to get out of bed
  • afeitarse: to shave oneself
  • despertarse: to wake up oneself
  • ducharse: to shower oneself
  • levantarse: to get oneself up
  • maquillarse: to put on makeup
  • peinarse: to comb one's hair
  • vestirse: to get oneself dressed

Past Participles

  • abrir: abierto
  • cubrir: cubierto
  • decir: dicho
  • descubrir: descubierto
  • escribir: escrito
  • hacer: hecho
  • ir: ido
  • morir: muerto
  • poner: puesto
  • resolver: resuelto
  • romper: roto
  • ver: visto
  • volver: vuelto

Pluscuamperfecto

  • Used to reference an action in the past that occurred prior to another reference point in the past.

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Prepare for the Spanish 1230 Exam 1 with these grammar flashcards. Explore key concepts like direct and indirect objects along with their definitions and usage. Master the essentials of Spanish grammar to enhance your language skills.

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