Questions and Answers
What does OSHA stand for?
You should look for the name of the chemical, how to handle it, how to avoid dangerous situations, and _____ information on a chemical bottle.
First Aid
Which of the following is NOT a hazard health sign?
What does the Flame Sign indicate?
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The Gas Cylinder Sign indicates gases under pressure.
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What do the Target Organs refer to?
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What is a Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)?
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Match the following sections of the SDS to their descriptions:
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Which virus is NOT a common bloodborne pathogen?
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What do Universal Precautions state?
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List the types of First Aid Kit.
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Eyewash stations must be installed within 10 seconds walking distance from hazard areas.
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What should you do if you encounter a victim who is unconscious?
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Study Notes
OSHA
- Occupational Safety and Health Administration, responsible for ensuring safe working conditions.
Chemical Safety
- Essential information on chemical bottles includes the chemical name, handling instructions, hazard avoidance measures, and first aid information.
Hazard Health Signs
- Carcinogenic, mutagenicity, reproductive toxicity, respiratory sensitizer, target organ toxicity, aspiration toxicity are key health hazards.
Flame Safety Sign
- Identifies substances that are flammable, pyrophoric, self-heating, emit flammable gas, self-reactive, or are organic peroxides.
Exclamation Mark Sign
- Indicates irritants (skin/eye), skin sensitizers, acute toxicity, narcotic effects, respiratory irritants, and hazards to the ozone layer.
Gas Cylinder Sign
- Refers to gases under pressure, requiring careful handling.
Corrosion Sign
- Warns of potential skin corrosion, eye damage, and corrosive effects on metals.
Exploding Bomb Sign
- Signifies explosives, self-reactives, and organic peroxides, marking high risk.
Flame Over Circle Sign
- Denotes oxidizers that can enhance the flammability of other materials.
Environment Sign
- Indicates aquatic toxicity, highlighting environmental hazards.
Skull and Crossbones Sign
- Represents acute toxicity that can be fatal.
Acute vs. Chronic Effects
- Acute toxicity is harmful after a single exposure; chronic effects arise from repeated or prolonged exposure.
Route of Entry
- Describes how chemicals enter the body: inhalation, ingestion, or skin absorption, influencing required personal protective equipment (PPE).
Local vs. Systemic Reaction
- Local reactions occur at exposure sites, while systemic reactions affect the entire body through the bloodstream.
Target Organs
- Organs susceptible to systemic chemical reactions include the liver, heart, lungs, and kidneys.
Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)
- Sets the maximum average exposure to a chemical over an 8-hour work period.
Threshold Limit Values (TLV)
- Occupational exposure limits established by the ACGIH, indicating safe exposure levels without adverse health effects.
Compatibility
- Safety Data Sheets (SDS) detail chemicals that should not be mixed, ensuring safe handling.
SDS Overview
- Sections 1-4 include identification, hazard identification, composition, and first-aid measures.
- Sections 5-8 cover fire-fighting measures, accidental release measures, handling and storage, and PPE.
- Sections 9-12 provide physical properties, stability, and toxicity information.
- Sections 13-16 address disposal considerations, transport, regulatory information, and additional details.
Chemical Handling Precautions
- Prohibit eating, drinking, or smoking near chemicals. Maintain ventilation, use appropriate PPE, and report any health issues immediately.
Bloodborne Pathogens
- Common pathogens include Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and HIV, found in blood and certain body fluids.
Universal Precautions
- Assumes all blood and body fluids are infectious, emphasizing protective measures during exposure.
Reducing Exposure Risk
- Utilize PPE, clean and disinfect surfaces, dispose of waste properly, and follow up on exposure incidents.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
- Includes covering wounds, wearing gloves, safety glasses, and disinfecting contaminated items; PPE must be worn during cleanup.
Cleaning Surfaces
- Cleaning involves removing dirt and germs using soap and water; disinfection follows to eliminate potential infections.
Handling Contaminated Materials
- Dispose of contaminated items carefully while wearing PPE; tools must be cleaned using disinfectants.
First Aid Kit Types
- Type I is fixed; Type II is portable; Type III is for indoor/outdoor use; Type IV is durable for outdoor and rough conditions.
Eyewash Station Guidelines
- OSHA mandates eyewash stations near corrosive materials, while ANSI requires stations within 10 seconds distance with enough water for 15 minutes.
Eyewash Station Types
- Include plumbed stations, mixed concentrate units, and cartridge units for immediate access.
Emergency First Aid Response
- Call 911 if an accident occurs, ensure safety before assisting victims, and avoid moving victims unless necessary.
Checking a Victim
- Ensure consciousness, open airway, breathing, heartbeat, and absence of severe bleeding.
Care for Unconscious Victim
- Dial 911, roll the victim face-up, clear the airway, check for breathing, and scan for severe bleeding.
Eye-Injury Response
- For chemical splashes, avoid squeezing eyes shut, reach an eyewash station immediately, and rinse for at least 15 minutes while holding eyelids open.
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Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards on key safety concepts and terminology from SP2 Safety Lessons 1-4. Learn about OSHA, chemical safety, and health hazard signs. Perfect for anyone looking to enhance their safety training and awareness.
