Southern African PrEP Guidelines 2020

A medication taken regularly by people who are at risk of HIV infection to prevent them from becoming HIV positive.

A test to check kidney function by measuring the amount of creatinine in the blood and calculating the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

A medication taken regularly to prevent HIV infection, given to people who are at high risk of acquiring HIV. The medication is typically taken daily.

A condition that can affect the kidneys, often caused by high blood pressure or diabetes.

People who are at risk of acquiring HIV infection.

The act of taking a medication as prescribed by a doctor.

Strategies to help people remember to take their medications regularly.

A set of symptoms that suggest a particular disease, such as a sexually transmitted infection.

A key part of a strategy to prevent HIV infection, along with other measures like condoms and testing.

The rate at which new HIV infections occur in a population.

Making something easier to get and use, such as PrEP.

A type of PrEP where the medication is taken only when needed, often before sexual activity.

Problems that can occur when taking PrEP, like side effects or interactions with other medications.

Factors used to evaluate how well PrEP rollout is going and how successful it is.

A comprehensive strategy for controlling the spread of HIV, with a focus on reducing new infections and improving health outcomes.

Taking a medicine before possible exposure to HIV to lower risk of infection.

PrEP can only prevent HIV if it is in the body at sufficient levels when exposed.

The length of time PrEP needs to be taken before exposure varies based on which body part is exposed and the type of exposure.

If someone stops PrEP, they should be advised to continue taking it for 28 days after last potential exposure. However, this recommendation is based on models, not confirmed by clinical research.

PrEP is not a lifetime intervention and can be stopped.

PrEP can be taken on demand, or before specific sexual encounters, instead of daily.

On-demand PrEP for sexually active individuals involves a specific dosage: Two pills taken 2-24 hours before sex, followed by one pill daily for the next two days.

There is a possibility that PrEP might lead to an increase in risky behavior because individuals feel more confident about being protected. However, PrEP is highly effective, and the risk of HIV infection is still very low, even with increased risky behavior.

A couple where one partner is HIV-positive and the other is HIV-negative.

Methods used to prevent HIV transmission during conception, for example using sperm washing or in-vitro fertilization.

A qualitative research method where participants are asked open-ended questions to explore their opinions and experiences.

The effectiveness of a treatment or intervention in preventing the occurrence of a new disease or condition.

A medication taken regularly by someone who is at risk of getting HIV to prevent them from becoming infected.

The use of PrEP among people who have sex with men.

The process of making something easier to get and use, like PrEP.

Studies where participants are randomly assigned to different groups, one receiving the treatment being studied (PrEP) and the other receiving a placebo.

A study design that follows participants over time and collects data on their health and behaviors.

A study design that compares two groups of people, one that has been exposed to something (like PrEP) and one that hasn't.

The analysis of data from studies on PrEP use to understand its effectiveness and safety.

A type of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) that involves injecting a long-acting medication (cabotegravir) every two months to prevent HIV infection.

A clinical trial that investigated the effectiveness of long-acting cabotegravir PrEP compared to daily oral PrEP in men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women.

A clinical trial that evaluated the effectiveness of long-acting cabotegravir PrEP in women, with results showing that it was significantly more effective than daily oral PrEP.

A study investigating the effectiveness of on-demand PrEP for men who have sex with men and transgender women.

A medication taken daily to prevent HIV infection.

A type of PrEP that involves injecting a medication that lasts for a longer period, like 2 months.