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Questions and Answers
What economic approach was shifted towards that contributed to some recovery?
What economic approach was shifted towards that contributed to some recovery?
- Market-driven policies (correct)
- State-controlled policies
- International aid dependency
- Protectionist trade strategies
What is the primary aim of Black Economic Empowerment (BEE)?
What is the primary aim of Black Economic Empowerment (BEE)?
- Address economic inequalities (correct)
- Enhance public sector employment
- Increase unemployment rates
- Promote foreign investment
Which act aimed to improve working conditions for laborers?
Which act aimed to improve working conditions for laborers?
- Workers' Rights Protection Act
- Employment Equity Act
- Labour Relations Act (1995) (correct)
- National Labor Standards Act
What challenge remained despite the National Skills Development Strategy (NSDS)?
What challenge remained despite the National Skills Development Strategy (NSDS)?
What outlined the government's plan to extend social welfare?
What outlined the government's plan to extend social welfare?
What significant reform started in 1996 aiming for equal access in education?
What significant reform started in 1996 aiming for equal access in education?
What initiative was expanded in 1991 to support students financially?
What initiative was expanded in 1991 to support students financially?
What policy was established in 2004 to benefit rural populations?
What policy was established in 2004 to benefit rural populations?
What role did international sanctions play in the political landscape of South Africa during apartheid?
What role did international sanctions play in the political landscape of South Africa during apartheid?
Which leader is known for initiating negotiations that led to the end of apartheid?
Which leader is known for initiating negotiations that led to the end of apartheid?
What was one of the key aspects of the 1996 Constitution of South Africa?
What was one of the key aspects of the 1996 Constitution of South Africa?
Which policy aimed to address basic needs such as housing and electricity in post-apartheid South Africa?
Which policy aimed to address basic needs such as housing and electricity in post-apartheid South Africa?
What was a major criticism of the GEAR policy implemented in 1996?
What was a major criticism of the GEAR policy implemented in 1996?
What was the aim of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC)?
What was the aim of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC)?
Which statement accurately reflects the outcomes of the land reform policies in post-apartheid South Africa?
Which statement accurately reflects the outcomes of the land reform policies in post-apartheid South Africa?
Which of the following leaders significantly contributed to the empowerment of black youth through the Black Consciousness Movement?
Which of the following leaders significantly contributed to the empowerment of black youth through the Black Consciousness Movement?
What impact did the end of the Cold War have on South Africa's transition to democracy?
What impact did the end of the Cold War have on South Africa's transition to democracy?
What was a significant limitation of the social welfare expansion measures taken by the post-apartheid government?
What was a significant limitation of the social welfare expansion measures taken by the post-apartheid government?
What was the primary aim of the 1994 National Health Act?
What was the primary aim of the 1994 National Health Act?
Which act was instituted to protect women from domestic abuse in 1993?
Which act was instituted to protect women from domestic abuse in 1993?
What was a significant effect of the RDP program?
What was a significant effect of the RDP program?
What was the purpose of the South African Heritage Resources Agency?
What was the purpose of the South African Heritage Resources Agency?
What role did the National Arts Council (NAC) play after apartheid?
What role did the National Arts Council (NAC) play after apartheid?
Which act allowed citizens access to government-held information?
Which act allowed citizens access to government-held information?
What were the challenges faced by the media following the establishment of the Independent Communications Authority of South Africa?
What were the challenges faced by the media following the establishment of the Independent Communications Authority of South Africa?
Which of the following reflects the aim of the Women's Budget Initiative of 1997?
Which of the following reflects the aim of the Women's Budget Initiative of 1997?
What specific policy addressed the inequalities caused by Apartheid?
What specific policy addressed the inequalities caused by Apartheid?
Which statement is true regarding the democratic reforms in South Africa?
Which statement is true regarding the democratic reforms in South Africa?
What was the significance of having 11 languages recognized in the constitution?
What was the significance of having 11 languages recognized in the constitution?
Which political organization played a crucial role in protests and strikes during the anti-Apartheid movement?
Which political organization played a crucial role in protests and strikes during the anti-Apartheid movement?
What was a notable result of the cultural policies after apartheid?
What was a notable result of the cultural policies after apartheid?
Flashcards
Market-Driven Policies
Market-Driven Policies
A policy aimed at improving economic conditions by focusing on market forces and private sector growth.
Black Economic Empowerment (BEE)
Black Economic Empowerment (BEE)
A program designed to address economic disparities by promoting opportunities for previously disadvantaged groups.
National Skills Development Strategy (NSDS)
National Skills Development Strategy (NSDS)
A strategy aimed at reducing unemployment through skills development and training programs.
Labour Relations Act (1995)
Labour Relations Act (1995)
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1997 White Paper on Social Welfare
1997 White Paper on Social Welfare
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1996 South African Schools Act
1996 South African Schools Act
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National Student Financial Aid Scheme (NSFAS)
National Student Financial Aid Scheme (NSFAS)
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No-Fee Schools (2004)
No-Fee Schools (2004)
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What are international sanctions?
What are international sanctions?
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What does negotiation mean in the context of political change?
What does negotiation mean in the context of political change?
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What was Nelson Mandela's role in South Africa's political transformation?
What was Nelson Mandela's role in South Africa's political transformation?
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What was the Black Consciousness Movement?
What was the Black Consciousness Movement?
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Who was F.W. de Klerk?
Who was F.W. de Klerk?
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What is the significance of the 1996 South African Constitution?
What is the significance of the 1996 South African Constitution?
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What is multi-party democracy?
What is multi-party democracy?
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What was the Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP)?
What was the Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP)?
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What was the Growth, Employment and Redistribution (GEAR) strategy?
What was the Growth, Employment and Redistribution (GEAR) strategy?
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What is land reform?
What is land reform?
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1994 National Health Act
1994 National Health Act
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Program to stop AIDS
Program to stop AIDS
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1996 Constitution's Rights for Minorities
1996 Constitution's Rights for Minorities
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Affirmative Action Policies
Affirmative Action Policies
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Employment Equity Act 1998
Employment Equity Act 1998
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1993 Domestic Violence Act
1993 Domestic Violence Act
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Women's Budget Initiative, 1997
Women's Budget Initiative, 1997
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Improvements in Women's Rights
Improvements in Women's Rights
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Reconstruction and Development Program (RDP)
Reconstruction and Development Program (RDP)
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Benefits of the RDP
Benefits of the RDP
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Challenges of the RDP
Challenges of the RDP
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New Flag and National Anthem
New Flag and National Anthem
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South African Heritage Resources Agency (1999)
South African Heritage Resources Agency (1999)
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11 Official Languages in South Africa
11 Official Languages in South Africa
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National Arts Council (NAC) 1997
National Arts Council (NAC) 1997
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Study Notes
South Africa - Evolution and Development of Democratic States (1976-2009)
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Conditions encouraging democratic reform included widespread international condemnation of apartheid (1970-1980), particularly from the UN, and the Soweto Uprising (student protests).
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White rule in the 1950s established racial segregation through laws like the Group Areas Act and Bantu Education Act, severely restricting black South Africans' rights.
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Bantustans were homelands created to separate blacks from white areas. This policy was an attempt to remove blacks from mainstream South Africa.
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Apartheid policy (officially created in 1948) included passbooks for blacks, and racial segregation in housing and employment.
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Anti-apartheid struggles included the African National Congress (ANC) and its armed wing, Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK), and Black Consciousness movements.
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The ANC, formed in 1912, fought for non-violent struggle against apartheid, while MK formed in 1961 engaged in armed resistance due to violent responses.
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The Black Consciousness movement, led by Steve Biko, advocated for black pride and unity, which gained prominence in the 1970s. Biko was killed in 1977 in police custody.
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The United Democratic Front (UDF) was formed in 1983, uniting various anti-apartheid groups, including trade unions and churches, to actively resist apartheid policies through organized strikes.
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The Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU) played a crucial role in organizing labor strikes to counter apartheid policies.
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International sanctions and the fall of communism in 1991 pressured the South African regime to negotiate with the ANC.
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Nelson Mandela, imprisoned for 27 years, became a powerful symbol of resistance and played a significant role in the transition to a democratic South Africa.
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F.W. de Klerk's leadership, elected in 1989, also played a significant role in dismantling apartheid by releasing Mandela and unbanning the ANC, ultimately leading to the 1994 democratic election and the end of apartheid.
Factors Influencing the Evolution of Democratic States
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Internal pressures from the anti-apartheid movement, promoting new democratic structures, such as flag and national anthem in 1994.
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Development of a Truth and Reconciliation Commission, in 1995, to address human rights violations and promote national healing.
Development of Democratic States
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The 1996 Constitution was a framework for human rights protection, addressing inequalities of the apartheid era.
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Economic challenges, such as poverty and inequality, continued to be a concern even after the end of apartheid.
Impact of Democracy on Society
- Policies such as Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) and Growth, Employment and Reconstruction Programme (GEAR) addressed the socio-economic legacy of apartheid, but challenges remained.
Other Critically Important Events
- The Soweto Uprising of 1976, resulted in the death of hundreds of students protesting.
- The United Nations condemned apartheid policies and imposed sanctions.
- The apartheid era saw the rise of many township riots as well as strikes led by unions like Cosatu
Impact of Policies
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Policies regarding issues such as health, affirmative action, and women's rights had a profound impact.
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1996 Constitution focused on human rights, including minority rights and freedoms of speech and religion, in addition to guaranteeing racial equality.
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Description
Explore the evolution and development of democratic states in South Africa from 1976 to 2009. This quiz covers key events such as the Soweto Uprising, the role of the ANC, and the effects of apartheid policies. Test your knowledge on the historical context and movements that led to democratic reform in the country.
