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Questions and Answers
What characteristic of sound distinguishes loud and faint sounds?
What characteristic of sound distinguishes loud and faint sounds?
Which phenomenon demonstrates that sound behaves like a wave?
Which phenomenon demonstrates that sound behaves like a wave?
The relationship between loudness and intensity of sound is best described by which of the following equations?
The relationship between loudness and intensity of sound is best described by which of the following equations?
In a longitudinal wave, how do the particles of the medium move?
In a longitudinal wave, how do the particles of the medium move?
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What factor does NOT affect the loudness of sound?
What factor does NOT affect the loudness of sound?
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What occurs when air is pumped out of a jar, affecting the sound of a bell?
What occurs when air is pumped out of a jar, affecting the sound of a bell?
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Which of the following concepts describes the energy passing through a unit area perpendicular to the sound wave?
Which of the following concepts describes the energy passing through a unit area perpendicular to the sound wave?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of sound waves?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of sound waves?
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What is the relationship between frequency and pitch?
What is the relationship between frequency and pitch?
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What unit is used to measure intensity level of sound?
What unit is used to measure intensity level of sound?
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What happens to the wavelength when the pitch of sound increases?
What happens to the wavelength when the pitch of sound increases?
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Which statement is true regarding the effect of amplitude on loudness?
Which statement is true regarding the effect of amplitude on loudness?
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What is the audible frequency range for the human ear?
What is the audible frequency range for the human ear?
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How does sound behave when it reflects off a surface?
How does sound behave when it reflects off a surface?
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Why do we use a logarithmic scale to measure sound intensity?
Why do we use a logarithmic scale to measure sound intensity?
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What effect does an increase in frequency have on the amplitude of a wave?
What effect does an increase in frequency have on the amplitude of a wave?
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What is the primary characteristic that defines noise?
What is the primary characteristic that defines noise?
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What negative health effects can noise cause?
What negative health effects can noise cause?
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How does soft porous material contribute to noise reduction?
How does soft porous material contribute to noise reduction?
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Why is communication through tin cans with a string more effective than shouting?
Why is communication through tin cans with a string more effective than shouting?
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What role does diffraction play in sound perception around obstacles?
What role does diffraction play in sound perception around obstacles?
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What is an example of a medical application of ultrasound?
What is an example of a medical application of ultrasound?
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Why is it challenging to hear someone clearly in a room with overly absorbent surfaces?
Why is it challenging to hear someone clearly in a room with overly absorbent surfaces?
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What property of sound allows us to identify individuals based on their voice?
What property of sound allows us to identify individuals based on their voice?
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Why must the volume of a stereo in a carpeted room be tuned higher than in a room with a wooden floor?
Why must the volume of a stereo in a carpeted room be tuned higher than in a room with a wooden floor?
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How do speed and frequency of a wave differ?
How do speed and frequency of a wave differ?
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What factor causes two listeners to perceive different loudness levels of the same music?
What factor causes two listeners to perceive different loudness levels of the same music?
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Is there a difference between echo and reflection of sound?
Is there a difference between echo and reflection of sound?
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Why can two separate 50dB sounds not be added to make 100dB?
Why can two separate 50dB sounds not be added to make 100dB?
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What is the main benefit of using ultrasound in the medical field?
What is the main benefit of using ultrasound in the medical field?
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What is the unit of sound intensity?
What is the unit of sound intensity?
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Which of the following statements is true regarding the intensity level of sound at 3.0×10−6 Wm−2?
Which of the following statements is true regarding the intensity level of sound at 3.0×10−6 Wm−2?
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What is the depth of the sea if the speed of sound in seawater is 1500 ms−1 and the time for echo is 1.5 seconds?
What is the depth of the sea if the speed of sound in seawater is 1500 ms−1 and the time for echo is 1.5 seconds?
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How far is the cliff from a person who hears an echo after 5 seconds if the speed of sound is 346 ms−1?
How far is the cliff from a person who hears an echo after 5 seconds if the speed of sound is 346 ms−1?
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What depth is determined if ultrasound returns from the seabed after 3.42 seconds with a speed of 1531 ms−1?
What depth is determined if ultrasound returns from the seabed after 3.42 seconds with a speed of 1531 ms−1?
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What is the wavelength of a sound at 20,000 Hz with the speed of sound at 343 ms−1?
What is the wavelength of a sound at 20,000 Hz with the speed of sound at 343 ms−1?
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What is the wavelength of a sound wave with a frequency of 20 Hz and a speed of 343 ms−1?
What is the wavelength of a sound wave with a frequency of 20 Hz and a speed of 343 ms−1?
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If a sound wave has a frequency of 2 kHz and travels a distance of 1.5 km, how long would it take to cover this distance?
If a sound wave has a frequency of 2 kHz and travels a distance of 1.5 km, how long would it take to cover this distance?
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What is the distance traveled by sound in air in 2.5 seconds, if the speed of sound is 343 ms−1?
What is the distance traveled by sound in air in 2.5 seconds, if the speed of sound is 343 ms−1?
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If the speed of ultrasound in seawater is 1531 ms−1, how far would it reach in 3.42 seconds?
If the speed of ultrasound in seawater is 1531 ms−1, how far would it reach in 3.42 seconds?
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What is the intensity level of normal conversation in decibels?
What is the intensity level of normal conversation in decibels?
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When the sound intensity level is at 80 dB, what is the intensity of the sound?
When the sound intensity level is at 80 dB, what is the intensity of the sound?
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How is the frequency of a sound wave calculated given the speed of sound and its wavelength?
How is the frequency of a sound wave calculated given the speed of sound and its wavelength?
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What is the frequency of a sound with a speed of 330 ms−1 and a wavelength of 0.05 m?
What is the frequency of a sound with a speed of 330 ms−1 and a wavelength of 0.05 m?
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What is the period of heartbeats if the frequency is 1.2 Hz?
What is the period of heartbeats if the frequency is 1.2 Hz?
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When a marine survey ship receives an echo after 1.5 s, what is implied about the time taken for the sound to travel to the seabed and back?
When a marine survey ship receives an echo after 1.5 s, what is implied about the time taken for the sound to travel to the seabed and back?
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What is the mathematical representation for sound intensity in decibels?
What is the mathematical representation for sound intensity in decibels?
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Which of these frequencies falls within the audible range of the human ear?
Which of these frequencies falls within the audible range of the human ear?
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Study Notes
Sound Chapter Summary
- Sound is a longitudinal wave, meaning particles vibrate parallel to the direction of the wave's travel.
- Sound needs a medium to travel (like air, water, or solids), unlike light.
- Sound travels faster in denser mediums (like solids) than less dense mediums (like gases).
- The loudness of a sound is related to its amplitude. Higher amplitude corresponds to louder sound.
- Pitch is related to frequency. Higher frequency corresponds to a higher pitch sound.
- Sound's speed depends on the medium and temperature.
- Sound can be reflected, refracted, and diffracted.
- Echo is the reflection of sound waves.
- The human ear can detect sounds with frequencies between 20Hz and 20,000Hz (also called audible range).
- An intensity level is measured in decibels (dB).
- Ultrasound has frequencies above 20,000Hz.
- The intensity of sound (measured in Wm⁻²) decreases as distance from the source increases.
Review Questions
- For sound production: Vibrating objects create vibrations in the surrounding medium, transmitting sound.
- Effect of medium on speed: Sound travels faster in solids, then liquids, then gases, due to differences in the density of the mediums and how quickly vibrations are passed between molecules.
- Longitudinal nature of sound: Sound propagates by compressions and rarefactions of particles. Vibrations move back-and-forth along the direction of the wave's travel.
- Sound as a wave: Sound exhibits properties of waves, including reflection, refraction, and diffraction.
- Loudness vs. Intensity: Loudness is a subjective measure of how loud a sound seems, while intensity is a physical measure of the energy in the sound wave. These are related but not identical.
- Frequency vs. Pitch: Frequency is the number of waves per second, while pitch is how high or low we perceive a sound to be (subjective). Pitch increases with frequency.
- Amplitude vs. Loudness: Amplitude is the maximum displacement of a particle from its equilibrium position in a sound wave, loudness is a subjective measure of the sound's energy and strength to the listener.
Additional Concepts
- Intensity level: A logarithmic scale to describe the range of sound intensities we can hear.
- Audible range of sound: The range of frequencies humans can hear (typically 20Hz to 20,000Hz)
- Decibel scale: A logarithmic scale used to quantify the intensity of sound, used for measuring its loudness. A common reference level is the intensity of the faintest audible sound.
- Uses of ultrasound: Ultrasound is used in medicine for imaging and other applications because of its high frequency that allows for better resolution than many other types of sound waves.
- Echo: The bouncing back of sound waves when they encounter a surface.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamentals of sound, including its properties as a longitudinal wave and its behavior in different mediums. You'll explore concepts such as amplitude, frequency, pitch, and the human ear's response to sound. Test your knowledge of sound waves, their speed, and the principles of sound reflection and refraction.
