Somatogenic Model of Mental Illness
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Questions and Answers

What is the key diagnostic criteria for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)?

  • Exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence. (correct)
  • Excessive sweating and rapid heart rate.
  • Avoiding social situations due to fear of judgment.
  • Feeling claustrophobic in elevators and tunnels.

    • What is a common symptom of Panic Disorder?

  • Strong aversion to bright lights.
  • Sense of impending, unavoidable doom. (correct)
  • Craving for sugary foods.
  • Sneezing and coughing fits.

    • Which perspective suggests that anxiety disorders may arise from inappropriate and inaccurate thoughts?

  • Behavioural perspective
  • Genetic perspective
  • Environmental perspective
  • Cognitive perspective (correct)

    • What is the lifetime prevalence rate for Panic Disorder?

    <p>3.5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter deficiency is associated with anxiety disorders?

    <p>Serotonin deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic symptom of Social Phobia?

    <p>Avoiding social situations for fear of judgment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential biological cause of Major Depressive Disorder?

    <p>Impaired neurotransmitters serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many episodes, on average, do individuals with Major Depressive Disorder experience?

    <p>5 to 6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common reported alteration in individuals with Major Depressive Disorder regarding sleeping patterns?

    <p>Difficulty falling asleep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitters are believed to play a role in Major Depressive Disorder?

    <p>Serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an essential diagnostic criterion for Major Depressive Disorder?

    <p>Significant impairment nearly every day for more than a few weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which brain structures have been associated with the risk of depression according to neuroimaging?

    <p>Area 25 and right anterior insula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the passage, what did Hippocrates believe caused mental illness?

    <p>Imbalances in the four bodily fluids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main goal of the moral treatment approach advocated by psychiatric reformers in the 18-19th centuries?

    <p>To provide patients with dignified, respectful, and kind care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main factor that led to the policy of deinstitutionalization in the modern era?

    <p>The development of new antipsychotic drugs like chlorpromazine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main purpose of creating asylums in the modern (somatogenic) model of mental illness?

    <p>To separate the mentally ill from the rest of society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key criticism of the mental asylums in the 19th century?

    <p>They relied too heavily on physical restraints and harsh treatments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the introduction of new antipsychotic drugs in the 1950s impact the treatment of mental illness?

    <p>It resulted in the closure of many asylums and a policy of deinstitutionalization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prevalence of Generalized Anxiety Disorder in the population?

    <p>3-6%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does Generalized Anxiety Disorder tend to be diagnosed earliest compared to other disorders?

    <p>Among all classes of disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the day do individuals with Generalized Anxiety Disorder spend worrying or ruminating?

    <p>60%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common physical symptom associated with Phobic Disorders/Specific Phobias?

    <p>A full-blown panic attack</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which demographic is more often diagnosed with Phobic Disorders/Specific Phobias?

    <p>Females in midlife</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main notion underlying the view that psychological disorders have a physical, biological cause?

    <p>Psychological disorders are caused by a hormonal or chemical imbalance that can be identified through a physical exam.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the text state about the relationship between symptoms and the root cause of psychological disorders?

    <p>Symptoms tell us very little about the root cause, which is likely to be multifaceted.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)?

    <p>To generate standardized communication between doctors and scientists about mental disorders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key criticisms of the DSM-5 mentioned in the text?

    <p>It is too focused on a categorical, rather than dimensional, model of mental disorders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the text state about the number of diagnoses in the DSM-5?

    <p>The number of diagnoses has increased from 128 to 541, reflecting an overly broad and complex system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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