Somatic Nervous System (SNS) Functions
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Questions and Answers

What type of muscles are controlled by the autonomic nervous system?

  • Skeletal muscles
  • Smooth muscles (correct)
  • Cardiac muscles
  • All of the above

    • What is the main function of the somatic nervous system?

  • Innervating visceral organs
  • Controlling the contractions of skeletal muscles (correct)
  • Controlling visceral effectors, such as smooth muscle and cardiac muscle
  • Regulating glands and adipocytes

    • What is the role of the upper motor neuron in the somatic motor pathway?

  • Synapsing on the lower motor neuron (correct)
  • Triggering a contraction in the innervated muscle
  • Eliminating voluntary and reflex control over the innervated motor unit
  • Innervating a single motor unit in a skeletal muscle

    • What happens when the lower motor neuron is activated?

    <p>A contraction is triggered in the innervated muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the cell body of the lower motor neuron located?

    <p>In a nucleus of the brain stem or spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of destroying a lower motor neuron?

    <p>Voluntary and reflex control over the innervated motor unit is eliminated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the corticobulbar tracts?

    <p>To provide conscious control over skeletal muscles that move the eye, jaw, and face</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cranial nerves are involved in the corticobulbar tracts?

    <p>III, IV, V, VI, VII, IX, XI, and XII</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of axons that cross the midline in the pyramids of the corticospinal tracts?

    <p>85%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the crossing of axons over to the opposite side of the spinal cord in the corticospinal tracts?

    <p>Decussation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the region of the spinal cord where the axons in the anterior corticospinal tracts synapse on lower motor neurons?

    <p>Anterior gray horns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the diagrammatic representation of the primary motor cortex corresponding to specific regions of the body?

    <p>Motor homunculus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the corticospinal pathway?

    <p>Voluntary control over skeletal muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the system that includes the corticospinal pathway?

    <p>Pyramidal system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many descending tracts are found in the corticospinal pathway?

    <p>Three pairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do the axons of the pyramidal cells synapse?

    <p>On the lower motor neurons in the spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure do the corticobulbar tracts, lateral corticospinal tracts, and anterior corticospinal tracts enter?

    <p>The white matter of the internal capsule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the region where the corticospinal pathway emerges on either side of the midbrain?

    <p>Cerebral peduncles</p> Signup and view all the answers

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