Solving Systems of Linear Equations

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes a system of linear equations classified as 'inconsistent'?

  • The system has solutions that can only be integers.
  • The system has one unique solution, represented by intersecting lines on a graph.
  • The system has no solution, with lines that are parallel on a graph. (correct)
  • The system has infinitely many solutions, with lines coinciding on a graph.

A system of two linear equations is graphed on a coordinate plane. One equation graphs as a solid line, and the other as a dashed line. What can you conclude?

  • One inequality includes the 'equal to' condition, and the other does not. (correct)
  • Both inequalities include the 'equal to' condition.
  • Both inequalities represent vertical lines.
  • Neither inequality includes the 'equal to' condition.

When solving a system of linear equations by substitution, under what condition is the system considered to have infinitely many solutions?

  • When substituting, one variable is eliminated and the resulting equation is an identity (e.g., $0 = 0$). (correct)
  • When substituting, one variable is eliminated and the resulting equation is a contradiction (e.g., $0 = 1$).
  • When substituting , the quadratic equation is obtained.
  • When substituting, one variable is not eliminated and a unique solution is found.

Which of the following statements is correct when applying elimination to solve a system of linear equations, and the result is an equation $5 = 5$?

<p>The system has infinitely many solutions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A region is shaded on a coordinate plane to represent the solution set of a linear inequality. What does the boundary line of this region indicate?

<p>The boundary line represents points where the inequality is equal. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A system of linear inequalities is represented graphically. What describes the solution set of the system?

<p>The area where both inequalities' shaded regions overlap. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A system of equations is given as: $y = -2x + 5$ and $y = -2x - 3$. What is the best approach to determine the number of solutions?

<p>Compare the slopes and y-intercepts of the two equations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When graphing a linear inequality, what determines whether you should shade above or below the line?

<p>The inequality symbol (&gt;, &lt;, $\geq$, $\leq$). (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'mode' represent in a set of data?

<p>The value that appears most frequently in the data set. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a dataset with an even number of values, how is the median determined?

<p>It is the average of the two middle values in the dataset. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'range' indicate about a set of data?

<p>The total spread of the data (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which measure of central tendency is most affected by outliers (extreme values) in a dataset?

<p>Mean (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What information does the interquartile range (IQR) provide about a dataset?

<p>The range of the middle 50% of the data. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A dataset has a high standard deviation. What does this indicate about the data values?

<p>The data values are spread out over a wider range. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the mean of a dataset is greater than the median, what can be inferred about the distribution?

<p>The distribution is positively skewed. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of a 'dot plot' that makes it useful for visualizing data?

<p>It shows the frequency and distribution of data values. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For what type of data is a bar graph most suitable?

<p>Categorical data (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic distinguishes a histogram from a bar graph?

<p>Histograms show the frequency of values in intervals, while bar graphs show frequencies of distinct categories. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which data visualization method is best suited for identifying the five-number summary of a dataset?

<p>Box Plot (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In geometry, what does it mean for two angles to be 'complementary'?

<p>Their measures add up to 90 degrees. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between two angles that are 'supplementary'?

<p>Their measures add up to 180 degrees. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Two lines intersect, forming four angles. What is true of the angles opposite each other at the intersection (vertical angles)?

<p>They are congruent (equal in measure). (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name for the kind of angles that share a vertex and one side, with no overlap?

<p>Adjacent angles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the distance between two points $(x_1, y_1)$ and $(x_2, y_2)$ in a coordinate plane calculated?

<p>$d = \sqrt{(x_2 - x_1)^2 + (y_2 - y_1)^2}$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes a 'regular polyhedron'?

<p>A 3D object with faces that are regular, congruent polygons and all edges congruent. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of the surface area measurement of a thee-dimensional figure?

<p>The sum of the areas of all the faces and side surfaces. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'volume' of a three-dimensional figure measure?

<p>The amount of space enclosed by the figure. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If angles ∠A and ∠B are complementary and $m∠A = 68°$, what is $m∠B$?

<p>22° (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If angles ∠P and ∠Q are supplementary and $m∠P = 105°$, what is $m∠Q$?

<p>75° (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Two lines intersect. One of the angles formed measures $40°$. What is the measure of the angle vertical to it?

<p>40° (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Calculate the distance between the points (1, 2) and (4, 6).

<p>5 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A cube has sides of length 5cm. What is its surface area?

<p>150 cm² (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A cylinder has a radius of 3 and a height of 7. What is its volume?

<p>$63\pi$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Determine if the following statement is correct. A prism has 6 faces of which 2 are the shape of a triangle, therefore the base is a triangle.

<p>The statement is correct as is. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider a cone that has a volume. You need to find the measure of the radius but do not have that measurement. However, you do have the slant height. Considering the Pythagorean theorem, which statement is correct?

<p>Given that the slant height is the hypotenuse, the correct formula is: $a^2 + b^2 = c^2$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the surface area of a sphere with radius 4?

<p>$64\pi$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

System of Linear Equations

Two or more linear equations with the same variables.

Solving by Graphing

Graph each equation on the same coordinate plane and find the point(s) of intersection

Infinite solutions

An equation has infinitely many solutions when lines coincide.

Solving by Substitution

Solve one equation for one variable, substitute, solve, and back-substitute.

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Solving by Elimination

Arrange equations, multiply to create opposite coefficients, eliminate a variable, solve, and back-substitute.

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Linear Inequality

Compare expressions using <, >, ≤, or ≥.

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Solving Linear Inequalities

Graph each inequality, shade the satisfying region, the overlapping region is the solution set.

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Mean

The average value of a data set, calculated by summing all values and dividing by the number of values.

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Median

The middle value when data is arranged in order.

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Mode

The value(s) that appear most frequently in a data set.

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Range

The difference between the maximum and minimum values in a data set.

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Interquartile Range (IQR)

The range of the middle 50% of the data; calculated as Q3 - Q1.

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Standard Deviation

Measures how spread out the data is from the mean.

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Five-Number Summary

A statistical summary consisting of five values: minimum, Q1, median, Q3, and maximum.

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Dot Plot

A simple graph showing each data value as a dot.

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Bar Graph

Shows categorical data with rectangular bars, either vertical or horizontal.

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Histogram

Similar to bar graph but shows ranges of values; bars touch to show continuity.

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Box Plot

Graphical representation of the five-number summary.

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Complementary Angles

Angles that sum to 90 degrees

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Supplementary Angles

Angles that sum to 180 degrees.

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Vertical Angles

angles are formed by intersecting lines and are equal in measure.

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Adjacent Angles

Share a vertex and one side, with no overlap.

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Distance Formula

A formula used to find the distance between two points in a coordinate plane.

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Regular Polyhedron

A solid where all of its faces are regular congruent polygons, and all of the edges are congruent.

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Surface Area

The sum of the areas of all faces and side surfaces of a three-dimensional figure.

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Volume

The measure of the amount of space enclosed by a three-dimensional figure.

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Study Notes

  • Systems of linear equations consist of two or more linear equations using the same variables
  • The solution is the point where all equations are satisfied simultaneously

Solving by Graphing

  • Graph each equation on the same coordinate plane
  • Find the intersection point(s)

Possible Outcomes

  • One solution: lines intersect at only one point
  • No solution: lines are parallel, indicating an inconsistent system
  • Infinite solutions: lines coincide, indicating a dependent system

Solving by Substitution

  • Solve one equation for one variable (e.g., y = mx + b)
  • Substitute this expression into the other equation
  • Solve for the remaining variable
  • Back-substitute to find the other variable

Solving by Elimination

  • Arrange equations in standard form (Ax + By = C)
  • Multiply one or both equations to create opposite coefficients for one variable
  • Add the equations to eliminate a variable
  • Solve for the remaining variable
  • Back-substitute to find the other variable

Linear Inequalities

  • statement compares expressions with symbols for less than, greater than, and ≤, or ≥

Solving Linear Inequalities

  • Graph each inequality on the same coordinate plane
  • Shade the region satisfying each inequality
  • The overlapping region represents the solution set

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