29 Questions
What is dissolution?
Transfer of molecules or ions from a solid state into solution
What characterizes a saturated solution?
Insoluble part in equilibrium with dissolved solute
What defines an unsaturated or sub-saturated solution?
Contains a lower concentration of dissolved solute than required for saturation
How are supersaturated solutions formed?
By changing conditions of a saturated solution like temperature or volume
What can convert supersaturated solutions to stable saturated solutions?
Seeding the solution with a crystal of solute, vigorous agitation, or scratching the walls of the container
Which process results in additional amounts of solute appearing as a precipitate in a solution?
Saturation
What are the main factors that influence the solubility of a compound?
Temperature, pressure, and pH of the solution
What does the dielectric constant measure?
The ability of a substance to store electrical energy in an electric field
How is solubility expressed in the USP and National Formulary?
As the number of ml of solvent in which 1 g of solute will dissolve
What is the latest version of the USP and National Formulary available?
USP 43–NF 38
In what units is the dielectric constant expressed?
Farad per meter (F/m)
Which method is NOT used to quantitatively express solubility?
Temperature
What is the formula for calculating milliequivalents?
Eq.wt of ion/(Valency x 1000)
How many types of homogeneous mixtures of solute and solvent are possible based on their states of matter?
Nine types
In the formula for normality, what does 'mol.wt.' represent?
Molecular weight
If the valency of an ion is 2 and its equivalent weight is 50, what is its milliequivalent value?
0.025 mEq
For a 1 N solution of a substance with a valency of 2, what mass of the substance would be required for 1 liter of the solution?
80 g
What does one milliequivalent represent?
One thousandth of a gram equivalent of an ion
What is the phenomenon known as when gases are liberated from solutions by the introduction of an electrolyte or a non-electrolyte?
Salting-out effect
What causes the resultant escape of gas when salt is added to a 'carbonated' solution?
Attraction of water molecules to the salt ions
Which gases show deviations from Henry's law due to chemical reactions with the solvent, resulting in increased solubility?
Hydrogen chloride and ammonia
Why is hydrogen chloride significantly more soluble in water compared to oxygen?
Chemical reaction with water molecules
What effect does the attraction of salt ions or highly polar non-electrolytes have on the density of the aqueous environment adjacent to gas molecules?
Decreases density
What is the unit of molarity?
mol/L
In the expression % w/v in chemistry, what does 'w' and 'v' stand for respectively?
Weight and Volume
What does molality express?
Number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent
Which concentration term is based on the number of moles of solute divided by the total number of moles of solute and solvent?
Mole Fraction
If you dissolve 40 grams of sodium hydroxide in 1000 grams (1 kg) of water, what is the molality?
One
'Parts (p)' refers to the number of parts of solute dissolved in a stated number of parts of solution. Which parts by weight combination represents solid in a liquid?
Parts by weight (g) of solid in parts by volume (ml) of solution
Test your knowledge on the different types of solutions based on solubility, such as saturated, unsaturated, and supersaturated solutions. Learn about the characteristics and properties of each type of solution in this quiz.
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