Solutions and Solubility Quiz

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What is dissolution?

Transfer of molecules or ions from a solid state into solution (correct)

Transfer of gases into a liquid state

Transfer of solvents from one state to another

Transfer of molecules from solution to solid state

What characterizes a saturated solution?

Contains less solute than necessary for saturation

Insoluble part in equilibrium with dissolved solute (correct)

Low temperature and pressure

Unlimited ability to dissolve solute

What defines an unsaturated or sub-saturated solution?

In equilibrium with the insolute part

Contains a lower concentration of dissolved solute than required for saturation (correct)

Contains more solute than necessary for saturation

Only exists at high temperatures

How are supersaturated solutions formed?

By changing conditions of a saturated solution like temperature or volume Signup and view all the answers

What can convert supersaturated solutions to stable saturated solutions?

Seeding the solution with a crystal of solute, vigorous agitation, or scratching the walls of the container Signup and view all the answers

Which process results in additional amounts of solute appearing as a precipitate in a solution?

Saturation Signup and view all the answers

What are the main factors that influence the solubility of a compound?

Temperature, pressure, and pH of the solution Signup and view all the answers

What does the dielectric constant measure?

The ability of a substance to store electrical energy in an electric field Signup and view all the answers

How is solubility expressed in the USP and National Formulary?

As the number of ml of solvent in which 1 g of solute will dissolve Signup and view all the answers

What is the latest version of the USP and National Formulary available?

USP 43–NF 38 Signup and view all the answers

In what units is the dielectric constant expressed?

Farad per meter (F/m) Signup and view all the answers

Which method is NOT used to quantitatively express solubility?

Temperature Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating milliequivalents?

Eq.wt of ion/(Valency x 1000) Signup and view all the answers

How many types of homogeneous mixtures of solute and solvent are possible based on their states of matter?

Nine types Signup and view all the answers

In the formula for normality, what does 'mol.wt.' represent?

Molecular weight Signup and view all the answers

If the valency of an ion is 2 and its equivalent weight is 50, what is its milliequivalent value?

0.025 mEq Signup and view all the answers

For a 1 N solution of a substance with a valency of 2, what mass of the substance would be required for 1 liter of the solution?

80 g Signup and view all the answers

What does one milliequivalent represent?

One thousandth of a gram equivalent of an ion Signup and view all the answers

What is the phenomenon known as when gases are liberated from solutions by the introduction of an electrolyte or a non-electrolyte?

Salting-out effect Signup and view all the answers

What causes the resultant escape of gas when salt is added to a 'carbonated' solution?

Attraction of water molecules to the salt ions Signup and view all the answers

Which gases show deviations from Henry's law due to chemical reactions with the solvent, resulting in increased solubility?

Hydrogen chloride and ammonia Signup and view all the answers

Why is hydrogen chloride significantly more soluble in water compared to oxygen?

Chemical reaction with water molecules Signup and view all the answers

What effect does the attraction of salt ions or highly polar non-electrolytes have on the density of the aqueous environment adjacent to gas molecules?

Decreases density Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of molarity?

mol/L Signup and view all the answers

In the expression % w/v in chemistry, what does 'w' and 'v' stand for respectively?

Weight and Volume Signup and view all the answers

What does molality express?

Number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent Signup and view all the answers

Which concentration term is based on the number of moles of solute divided by the total number of moles of solute and solvent?

Mole Fraction Signup and view all the answers

If you dissolve 40 grams of sodium hydroxide in 1000 grams (1 kg) of water, what is the molality?

One Signup and view all the answers

'Parts (p)' refers to the number of parts of solute dissolved in a stated number of parts of solution. Which parts by weight combination represents solid in a liquid?

Parts by weight (g) of solid in parts by volume (ml) of solution Signup and view all the answers