Solution Chemistry and Kinetic Theory of Gases - Lecture 1
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Questions and Answers

What is a binary solution?

  • A solution with two solvents
  • A solution with two different temperatures
  • A solution with two different physical phases
  • A solution with two components (correct)

    • What is an unsaturated solution?

  • A solution with two different temperatures
  • A solution in which no solute can be dissolved further at a given temperature
  • A solution in which more solute can be dissolved without raising temperature (correct)
  • A solution with two components

    • What type of solution is a saturated solution?

  • A solution with two different physical phases
  • A solution in which more solute can be dissolved without raising temperature
  • A solution in which no solute can be dissolved further at a given temperature (correct)
  • A solution with two solvents

    • Which component of a binary solution is present in large quantity?

    <p>Solvent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the components of a binary solution called?

    <p>Solute and solvent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of solution does the solvent exist in large quantity?

    <p>Saturated solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factors affect the solubility of a solute in a liquid?

    <p>Nature of the solute, nature of the solvent, temperature, and pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Henry's law, what is the relationship between the partial pressure of a gas and the mole fraction of the gas in the solution?

    <p>The partial pressure is proportional to the mole fraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of solution is the relative amount of solute present higher?

    <p>Concentrated solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to express the amount of solute present in 100 g of solution?

    <p>Percentage by weight (w/w %)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What decreases with an increase in temperature according to Henry's law?

    <p>The value of KH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor leads to low concentrations of O2 in the blood of climbers at high altitudes?

    <p>Partial pressure of O2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is passed at high pressure to increase its solubility in soft drinks and soda water?

    <p>$CO_2$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method of expressing concentration is defined as the amount of solute present in 100 g of solution?

    <p>$Percentage ext{ }by ext{ }weight ext{ }(w/w ext{%})$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of solution is the relative amount of solute present lower?

    <p>$Dilute ext{ }solution$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to minimize the painful effects accompanying the decompression of deep-sea divers?

    <p>Oxygen diluted with less soluble Helium gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A solution can only be a mixture of two or more substances in different physical phases.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a binary solution, the solute is the component present in large quantity.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A supersaturated solution contains less solute than necessary to saturate it at a given temperature.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hydrated salts are an example of a solid-liquid solution.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Alloys are an example of a liquid-solid solution.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An unsaturated solution can dissolve more solute without raising the temperature.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The maximum amount of a solute that can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent at a given temperature is termed as its solubility at that temperature.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Henry’s law states that the partial pressure of the gas in vapor phase is inversely proportional to the mole fraction of the gas in the solution.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Greater the value of KH, higher the solubility of the gas according to Henry’s law.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The value of KH increases with an increase in temperature according to Henry’s law.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In concentrated solutions, the relative amount of solute present is lower.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Percentage by weight (w/w %) is defined as the amount of solute present in 100 g of solution.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Molarity (M) is a method of expressing concentration of solutions based on mass fraction.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dilute solution has a higher concentration of solute compared to concentrated solution.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The concentration of a solution is defined as the absolute amount of solute present in a solution.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In manufacture of soft drinks and soda water, CO2 is passed at low pressure to increase its solubility.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Solutions Overview

    • A binary solution consists of two components: a solute and a solvent.
    • The solute in a binary solution is the component present in a smaller quantity.
    • A saturated solution contains the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved at a specific temperature; beyond this, the solution cannot hold more solute.
    • An unsaturated solution can dissolve additional solute without changing the temperature.
    • Supersaturated solutions contain less solute than necessary to reach saturation at a given temperature.

    Solubility Details

    • The maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a given quantity of solvent is known as its solubility.
    • Factors affecting solubility include temperature, pressure, and the nature of the solute and solvent.

    Henry's Law

    • According to Henry's Law, the partial pressure of a gas in vapor phase is inversely proportional to its mole fraction in a solution.
    • An increase in temperature leads to an increase in the value of KH, resulting in lower solubility for gases in liquids.

    Concentration Measurements

    • Percentage by weight (w/w%) is used to express the amount of solute present in 100 g of solution.
    • Molarity (M) represents the concentration of a solution based on the amount of solute per liter of solution.

    Additional Information

    • Concentrated solutions typically have a lower relative amount of solute compared to the solvent.
    • To alleviate decompression sickness in divers, controlled exposure to pressures and gradual decompression is used.
    • At high altitudes, reduced pressure leads to lower O2 concentrations in climbers' blood.
    • In soft drinks, CO2 is added at high pressure to enhance its solubility.

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    Test your knowledge on the concepts of ideal solution, solution chemistry, and kinetic theory of gases discussed in Lecture 1 of the course Solution Chemistry and Kinetic Theory of Gases (Course Code: 4024576-2). Explore the components and classifications of solutions, and enhance your understanding of homogeneous mixtures.

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