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Questions and Answers
Which of the following salts is generally soluble in water?
Which of the following salts is generally soluble in water?
- Silver chloride
- Aluminum phosphate
- Potassium nitrate (correct)
- Calcium carbonate
Which of these sulphites is expected to be insoluble in water?
Which of these sulphites is expected to be insoluble in water?
- Sodium sulphite
- Potassium sulphite
- Calcium sulphite (correct)
- Ammonium sulphite
Which among the following is an insoluble base (hydroxide)?
Which among the following is an insoluble base (hydroxide)?
- Calcium hydroxide
- Sodium hydroxide
- Potassium hydroxide
- Iron(III) hydroxide (correct)
Which of the following is true if barium sulfate is mixed with hydrochloric acid?
Which of the following is true if barium sulfate is mixed with hydrochloric acid?
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What happens when ammonium carbonate is mixed in water?
What happens when ammonium carbonate is mixed in water?
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Which salt is expected to be soluble in water?
Which salt is expected to be soluble in water?
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Study Notes
Solubility
- Solubility is the ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent to form a solution.
Solubility Rules of Salts in Water
- Nitrates: all nitrates are soluble.
- Sulphites: only sodium, potassium, and ammonium sulphites are soluble.
- Carbonates: only sodium, potassium, and ammonium carbonates are soluble.
- Phosphates: only sodium, potassium, and ammonium phosphates are soluble.
- Sodium, potassium, and ammonium salts: practically all are soluble.
- Bases (hydroxides): only potassium, sodium, calcium, barium, and ammonium hydroxides are soluble.
- Acid salts: usually soluble, e.g. Ca(HCO3)2, Ca(H2PO4)2, Mg(HCO3)2, etc.
Applications of Solubility Rules
- Solubility rules can be used to predict the outcome of a reaction between two salts.
- If an insoluble substance forms, a precipitate will be observed when two substances in solution react.
- Examples of solubility rules in action:
- Barium sulfate is insoluble in dilute hydrochloric acid.
- Barium sulphite dissolves in dilute hydrochloric acid due to a chemical reaction.
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