6 Questions
Which of the following salts is generally soluble in water?
Potassium nitrate
Which of these sulphites is expected to be insoluble in water?
Calcium sulphite
Which among the following is an insoluble base (hydroxide)?
Iron(III) hydroxide
Which of the following is true if barium sulfate is mixed with hydrochloric acid?
No reaction will occur
What happens when ammonium carbonate is mixed in water?
It dissolves
Which salt is expected to be soluble in water?
Sodium carbonate
Study Notes
Solubility
- Solubility is the ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent to form a solution.
Solubility Rules of Salts in Water
- Nitrates: all nitrates are soluble.
- Sulphites: only sodium, potassium, and ammonium sulphites are soluble.
- Carbonates: only sodium, potassium, and ammonium carbonates are soluble.
- Phosphates: only sodium, potassium, and ammonium phosphates are soluble.
- Sodium, potassium, and ammonium salts: practically all are soluble.
- Bases (hydroxides): only potassium, sodium, calcium, barium, and ammonium hydroxides are soluble.
- Acid salts: usually soluble, e.g. Ca(HCO3)2, Ca(H2PO4)2, Mg(HCO3)2, etc.
Applications of Solubility Rules
- Solubility rules can be used to predict the outcome of a reaction between two salts.
- If an insoluble substance forms, a precipitate will be observed when two substances in solution react.
- Examples of solubility rules in action:
- Barium sulfate is insoluble in dilute hydrochloric acid.
- Barium sulphite dissolves in dilute hydrochloric acid due to a chemical reaction.
Learn about the solubility rules of salts in water, including nitrates, sulphites, carbonates, and phosphates.
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