Solid Substances Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What distinguishes physical properties from chemical properties?

  • Physical properties deal directly with changes in composition, while chemical properties do not.
  • Physical properties and chemical properties both have nothing to do with changes in composition.
  • Physical properties deal with changes in composition, while chemical properties do not. (correct)
  • Physical properties and chemical properties both deal directly with changes in composition.

Which of the following is NOT a common state of matter?

  • Solid
  • Liquid
  • Energy (correct)
  • Plasma

What defines a solid in terms of its shape and volume?

  • Atoms moving quickly apart with no defined shape or volume
  • Atoms with high energy and low density
  • Loosely bonded atoms with indefinite shape and volume
  • Vibrating atoms packed closely together with a definite shape and volume (correct)

Which phase change involves water vapor cooling down to form droplets?

<p>Condensation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of change preserves the substance's chemical identity as matter changes form?

<p>Physical changes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of enzymes in biochemical reactions?

<p>Speed up biochemical reactions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In biology, what do hormones do?

<p>Communicate with cells, tissues, and organs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of antibodies in the immune system defense?

<p>Latch onto antigens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a galaxy defined as in celestial structures?

<p>A rotating collection of stars and gases held together by gravity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of elliptical galaxies?

<p>Spherical (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of galaxy is believed to be very evolved in terms of age?

<p>Elliptical (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main feature of spiral galaxies?

<p>Solar nurseries where new stars are born (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the younger age of spiral galaxies?

<p>Containment of interstellar dust and gases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the probable cause for the formation of irregular galaxies?

<p>Violent collisions between galaxies or interstellar activity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which layer of the Sun does nuclear fusion occur?

<p>Core (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the visible surface of the Sun called?

<p>Photosphere (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining characteristic of a solid?

<p>Has a fixed shape and volume (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of solid can be made up of a mixture of more than one type of atom?

<p>Compound solid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a heterogeneous mixture solid, what is true about different parts of the solid?

<p>They have different concentrations of components (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a compound in the context of solids?

<p>A pure chemical substance of different elements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes crystals from mixtures in solids?

<p>Atoms in crystals are arranged predictably in a specific pattern (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances is an example of a compound solid?

<p>Diamond (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining characteristic of a compound?

<p>Contains elements bonded together in molecules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do mixtures differ from crystals in solids?

<p>Crystals have a repeating pattern while mixtures are random (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining characteristic of matter?

<p>Takes up volume (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of solid has atoms arranged in a predictable crystal lattice?

<p>Crystals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a compound, how are atoms of different types typically joined together?

<p>Joined together in molecules (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a homogeneous mixture solid from a heterogeneous mixture solid?

<p>Heterogeneous mixture solids have different concentrations across parts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of matter has both specific physical and chemical properties?

<p>Solids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature makes crystals extremely ordered compared to mixtures?

<p>Predictable, specific arrangement of atoms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what kind of solid can the atoms be bonded with other types of atoms to form compounds?

<p>Mixture of more than one type of atom solid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes a compound in the context of solids?

<p>'Compounds are pure chemical substances made of different elements' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes matter from non-matter substances?

<p>'Takes up space and has specific properties' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines crystals apart from mixtures in solids?

<p>Patterned crystal lattice arrangement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between physical properties and chemical properties of matter?

<p>Physical properties do not involve changes in composition, while chemical properties directly deal with changes in composition. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase change involves atoms moving quickly apart with no defined shape or volume?

<p>Vaporization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines a liquid in terms of its shape and volume?

<p>Atoms that are loosely bonded with indefinite shape and definite volume (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which celestial structure is described as a rotating collection of stars, planets, dust, and gases held together by gravity?

<p>Galaxy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of biology, what role do enzymes play?

<p>Help speed up biochemical reactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of antibodies in the immune system defense?

<p>Fight against foreign antigens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining characteristic of a gas in terms of its volume?

<p>High energy, low density, indefinite volume (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when water vapor cools down to form droplets?

<p>Condensation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase change involves atoms packed closely together that vibrate in place?

<p>Freezing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines a solid in terms of its shape?

<p>Atoms packed closely together that vibrate in place with definite shape (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of galaxy is characterized by a lack of distinctive shape and a combination of old and new stars?

<p>Irregular galaxy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the visible surface of the Sun, where sunspots are often observed?

<p>Photosphere (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of its life cycle does the Sun use nuclear fusion to produce energy?

<p>Main sequence phase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes sunspots to form on the photosphere?

<p>Increased magnetic flux (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the Sun is responsible for the production of energy through nuclear fusion?

<p>Core (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary distinguishing feature of spiral galaxies compared to elliptical galaxies?

<p>Central disk with spiraling arms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where in the Sun is it possible to observe the corona during a total solar eclipse?

<p>Photosphere (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely origin of irregular galaxies according to astronomers?

<p>Violent collisions between galaxies or interstellar activity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What phase follows the main sequence in the life cycle of a star before it becomes a white dwarf?

<p>Red giant phase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the visible shape of elliptical galaxies according to astronomers' classifications?

<p>Spherical or cucumber-shaped (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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