Solid State Classification

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is considered a type of crystalline solid?

  • Amorphous solid
  • Gaseous crystalline solid
  • Opanic crystalline solid
  • Metallic crystalline solid (correct)

What is the packing efficiency of a face-centered cubic lattice?

  • 74% (correct)
  • 52.4%
  • 68%
  • 48%

What is the value of Z for a body-centered cubic lattice?

  • 4
  • 2 (correct)
  • 3
  • 1

The smallest repeating unit in a crystal lattice is called:

<p>Unit cell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a crystalline solid?

<p>Quartz (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the packing efficiency of a simple cubic lattice?

<p>52.4% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of crystalline solid has strong directional bonds?

<p>Covalent crystalline solid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the three-dimensional arrangement of particles in a crystal called?

<p>Crystal lattice (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a face-centered cubic lattice, how many atoms are effectively present per unit cell?

<p>4 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of solid generally has low melting points and is soft in nature?

<p>Amorphous solid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Solid State Classification

  • Solids are classified based on their internal structure.
  • Crystalline solids have a regular, three-dimensional arrangement of particles.
  • Amorphous solids lack a regular arrangement of particles.

Types of Crystalline Solids

  • Atomic Crystalline Solids: Made up of atoms, e.g., quartz, diamond, and metals.
  • Ionic Crystalline Solids: Made up of ions, e.g., sodium chloride.
  • Molecular Crystalline Solids: Made up of molecules, e.g., dry ice.
  • Metallic Crystalline Solids: Made up of metal ions, e.g., copper.

Characteristics of Solids

  • Solid particles are closely packed, resulting in strong intermolecular forces.
  • Solids are typically rigid and non-compressible.

Crystal Lattice and Unit Cell

  • Crystal Lattice: A three-dimensional arrangement of particles in a crystal.
  • Unit Cell: The smallest repeating unit of a crystal lattice.
  • A unit cell can be represented by a point in a crystal lattice.

Coordination Number (Z)

  • Simple Cubic Lattice: Z = 1
  • Body-Centered Cubic Lattice: Z = 2
  • Face-Centered Cubic Lattice: Z = 4

Packing Efficiency

  • Packing Efficiency = (Total volume occupied by particles) / (Total volume of the unit cell)
  • Simple Cubic Lattice: 52.4%
  • Body-Centered Cubic Lattice: 68%
  • Face-Centered Cubic Lattice: 74%

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