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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is considered a type of crystalline solid?
What is the packing efficiency of a face-centered cubic lattice?
What is the value of Z for a body-centered cubic lattice?
The smallest repeating unit in a crystal lattice is called:
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Which of the following is an example of a crystalline solid?
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What is the packing efficiency of a simple cubic lattice?
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Which type of crystalline solid has strong directional bonds?
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What is the three-dimensional arrangement of particles in a crystal called?
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In a face-centered cubic lattice, how many atoms are effectively present per unit cell?
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Which type of solid generally has low melting points and is soft in nature?
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Study Notes
Solid State Classification
- Solids are classified based on their internal structure.
- Crystalline solids have a regular, three-dimensional arrangement of particles.
- Amorphous solids lack a regular arrangement of particles.
Types of Crystalline Solids
- Atomic Crystalline Solids: Made up of atoms, e.g., quartz, diamond, and metals.
- Ionic Crystalline Solids: Made up of ions, e.g., sodium chloride.
- Molecular Crystalline Solids: Made up of molecules, e.g., dry ice.
- Metallic Crystalline Solids: Made up of metal ions, e.g., copper.
Characteristics of Solids
- Solid particles are closely packed, resulting in strong intermolecular forces.
- Solids are typically rigid and non-compressible.
Crystal Lattice and Unit Cell
- Crystal Lattice: A three-dimensional arrangement of particles in a crystal.
- Unit Cell: The smallest repeating unit of a crystal lattice.
- A unit cell can be represented by a point in a crystal lattice.
Coordination Number (Z)
- Simple Cubic Lattice: Z = 1
- Body-Centered Cubic Lattice: Z = 2
- Face-Centered Cubic Lattice: Z = 4
Packing Efficiency
- Packing Efficiency = (Total volume occupied by particles) / (Total volume of the unit cell)
- Simple Cubic Lattice: 52.4%
- Body-Centered Cubic Lattice: 68%
- Face-Centered Cubic Lattice: 74%
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Description
Learn about the classification of solids based on their internal structure, including crystalline and amorphous solids, and types of crystalline solids.
