Solid State Classification

Which of the following is considered a type of crystalline solid?

What is the packing efficiency of a face-centered cubic lattice?

What is the value of Z for a body-centered cubic lattice?

The smallest repeating unit in a crystal lattice is called:

Which of the following is an example of a crystalline solid?

What is the packing efficiency of a simple cubic lattice?

Which type of crystalline solid has strong directional bonds?

What is the three-dimensional arrangement of particles in a crystal called?

In a face-centered cubic lattice, how many atoms are effectively present per unit cell?

Which type of solid generally has low melting points and is soft in nature?

Solid State Classification

Solids are classified based on their internal structure.
Crystalline solids have a regular, three-dimensional arrangement of particles.
Amorphous solids lack a regular arrangement of particles.

Types of Crystalline Solids

Atomic Crystalline Solids: Made up of atoms, e.g., quartz, diamond, and metals.
Ionic Crystalline Solids: Made up of ions, e.g., sodium chloride.
Molecular Crystalline Solids: Made up of molecules, e.g., dry ice.
Metallic Crystalline Solids: Made up of metal ions, e.g., copper.

Characteristics of Solids

Solid particles are closely packed, resulting in strong intermolecular forces.
Solids are typically rigid and non-compressible.

Crystal Lattice and Unit Cell

Crystal Lattice: A three-dimensional arrangement of particles in a crystal.
Unit Cell: The smallest repeating unit of a crystal lattice.
A unit cell can be represented by a point in a crystal lattice.

Coordination Number (Z)

Simple Cubic Lattice: Z = 1
Body-Centered Cubic Lattice: Z = 2
Face-Centered Cubic Lattice: Z = 4

Packing Efficiency

Packing Efficiency = (Total volume occupied by particles) / (Total volume of the unit cell)
Simple Cubic Lattice: 52.4%
Body-Centered Cubic Lattice: 68%
Face-Centered Cubic Lattice: 74%

Learn about the classification of solids based on their internal structure, including crystalline and amorphous solids, and types of crystalline solids.