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Questions and Answers
What characterizes the substitutional solid solution of copper and nickel?
What characterizes the substitutional solid solution of copper and nickel?
- Nickel atoms dissolve in water.
- Nickel atoms replace copper atoms in the crystal lattice. (correct)
- Copper atoms replace nickel atoms in the solution.
- Nickel and copper form a new compound rather than a solution.
Which factor is essential for the formation of a substitutional solid solution?
Which factor is essential for the formation of a substitutional solid solution?
- The atoms must be quite similar in size. (correct)
- The metals must have completely different melting points.
- The atoms must be of different weights.
- The metals must have different crystal structures.
What is the result of the complete miscibility in the water-alcohol system?
What is the result of the complete miscibility in the water-alcohol system?
- The two liquids separate when combined.
- One of the liquids acts as a solute while the other is a solvent.
- The two substances form a solid solution.
- The two liquids are soluble in each other in all proportions. (correct)
Which of the following statements about the Hume-Rothery rules is true?
Which of the following statements about the Hume-Rothery rules is true?
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What constitutes the primary function of nickel in the copper-nickel solid solution?
What constitutes the primary function of nickel in the copper-nickel solid solution?
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Study Notes
Solid Solutions
- Copper and nickel atoms can form a solid solution, where nickel acts as a solute dissolved in copper, the solvent.
- In this specific configuration, nickel atoms replace copper atoms in the face-centered cubic (fcc) crystal structure.
- This is classified as a substitutional solid solution, as one atom type replaces another in the crystal lattice.
- This solid solution is possible because the copper and nickel atoms have similar sizes.
- The Hume-Rothery rules dictate that for complete miscibility in metallic solid solutions, the metals need to be very similar in characteristics.
- This is exemplified by the water-alcohol system, where both liquids are completely soluble in each other in all proportions.
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