Solar Energy and Renewable Resources

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What is the maximum open circuit voltage that a single-junction silicon solar cell can produce?

0.9V to 1.0V
0.3V to 0.4V
0.7V to 0.8V
0.5V to 0.6V (correct)

Why are organic devices well suited to meet the needs of both the electronics and energy industries?

They can only be adapted to a limited range of applications
Their manufacturing does not require expensive processing steps (correct)
They are not suitable for energy storage
They require expensive processing steps

What is the main advantage of using solar energy as a source of electricity?

It is a non-depleting, clean source of energy (correct)
It is a depleting source of energy
It is a noisy source of energy
It is a non-renewable source of energy

What are the main components of the first generation of solar cells?

Single crystals grown on Si wafers (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of solar cells in alleviating the world's energy problems?

To reduce our dependence on non-renewable sources of energy (B) Signup and view all the answers

What has been the trend in solar cell manufacturing over the years?

A range of improvements (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary application of soft magnetic materials?

Construction of cores of electrical rotating machines (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason behind the motionless domain walls in hard magnetic materials?

Presence of crystal defects and imperfections (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of hard magnetic materials that makes them difficult to magnetize and demagnetize?

High coercivity and retentivity (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where the magnetization of ferromagnetic materials lags behind the magnetic field?

Hysteresis (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the application of hard magnetic materials in automotive systems?

Motor drives for fans and wipers (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of hysteresis loop area in hard magnetic materials?

It represents the energy loss per cycle (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of piezoelectric generators that enables them to generate a significant amount of power?

High power density (C) Signup and view all the answers

What factor influences the efficiency of energy conversion in piezoelectric generators?

Frequency and amplitude of mechanical vibrations (A) Signup and view all the answers

At what frequency do piezoelectric generators operate most efficiently?

Specific frequencies that match their resonant frequency (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential future application of piezoelectric generators?

Powering small electronic devices in remote locations (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of ongoing research in piezoelectric generators?

To improve the efficiency and scalability of piezoelectric generators (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is being explored to enhance power generation in piezoelectric generators?

Integration with other energy harvesting technologies (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of electric dipole moments in BaTiO3 and PZTs?

Ions on crystal lattice sites with asymmetric charge surroundings (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of measurement for dipole density or polarization?

C·m/m3 (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of poling in piezoelectric materials?

To align the dipole moments and create a strong electric field (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of mechanical stress on piezoelectric materials?

It changes the polarization P (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relation between dipoles near each other in piezoelectric materials?

They are aligned in regions called Weiss domains (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition for the manifestation of piezoelectricity?

The change of polarization P when applying a mechanical stress (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of RGB LED in terms of its physical properties?

It occupies less area and is small in size (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental law that states the relationship between power, current, and voltage?

Watt's Law (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main disadvantage of RGB LED in terms of manufacturing?

The cost of manufacturing is high (D) Signup and view all the answers