Solar Energy and Its Effects on Earth
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Solar Energy and Its Effects on Earth

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Questions and Answers

What is the main cause of the greenhouse effect?

  • Energy from the sun traveling through space
  • Radiation of energy back off the Earth and trapped by greenhouse gases (correct)
  • Using less fossil fuels
  • Absorption of energy by the Earth warming it directly

    • How does excess greenhouse gas affect the Earth?

  • Causes global cooling
  • Leads to climate stability
  • Enhances the greenhouse effect, leading to global warming (correct)
  • Reduces the greenhouse effect

    • What can help reduce the greenhouse effect?

  • Using less fossil fuels and more renewable resources like wind and solar power (correct)
  • Increasing greenhouse gas emissions
  • Cutting down forests
  • Using more fossil fuels

    • What causes different seasons on Earth?

    <p>Tilt of Earth on its axis and its orbit around the sun</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event marks the first day of summer or winter?

    <p>Solstice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a way in which solar energy affects the Earth?

    <p>Causing air pollution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the northern and southern hemispheres experience seasons?

    <p>They have opposite seasons due to Earth's tilt on its axis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to day lengths during summer and winter in each hemisphere?

    <p>Day lengths increase in summer and decrease in winter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the movement of air from high to low pressure areas?

    <p>Wind</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method of heat transfer involves the movement of fluids like water in a pan?

    <p>Convection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of materials are conductors?

    <p>Materials that transfer heat quickly and easily, such as most metals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of energy is light converted into on Earth?

    <p>Thermal energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who studies the long-term, average weather and atmospheric conditions in a specific area?

    <p>Climatologists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes air to naturally move from high-pressure to low-pressure systems?

    <p>Expansion of air when heated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method of heat transfer does not require a medium to move through?

    <p>Radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of energy for the water cycle, wind, and ocean currents?

    <p>Sun</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for dictating the speed and direction of air?

    <p>The Coriolis Effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes the collision of molecules and weight of air pressing on its surroundings?

    <p>Air pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does warm air rise up the windward side of a mountain cool down?

    <p>Expansion of air leading to fewer collisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes clouds to form?

    <p>Rising warm, moist air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which atmospheric circulation cell is located at each pole?

    <p>Polar Cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for evenly distributing heat and weather throughout the globe?

    <p>Atmospheric circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when clouds grow tall enough?

    <p>They create a thunderstorm cloud</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What boundary experiences little atmospheric circulation and results in a hot and dry climate?

    <p>'Horse latitudes' boundary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the boundary between the two Hadley cells called?

    <p>Doldrums</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What creates an area of low pressure in the atmosphere?

    <p>Cool air rising</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a cumulus cloud characterized by?

    <p>White puffy appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of front is represented with red lines and red half circles on a weather map?

    <p>Warm front</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What leads to the formation of clouds through orographic lifting?

    <p>Landforms like mountains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of air mass forms in the coolest conditions?

    <p>Continental arctic (cA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the collision point of different air masses known as?

    <p>Frontal boundary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process leads to the formation of clouds when warm, humid air rises?

    <p><strong>$H_2O$</strong> condensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of organismal ecology?

    <p>Analyzing how traits of organisms contribute to their life history</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ecology level investigates all types of organisms within a defined area?

    <p>Community ecology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of producers in an ecosystem food web?

    <p>Creating their own food through photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the transfer of energy through trophic levels in ecosystems show?

    <p>10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one common adaptation for both predators and prey to avoid predation?

    <p>Using chemicals as a defense mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are secondary, tertiary, and quaternary consumers in an ecosystem?

    <p>'Top' consumers that feed on other consumers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do predators and prey engage in coevolution?

    <p>'Predator-prey' interactions leading to adaptation in both species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the movement of air from high to low pressure areas?

    <p>Convection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method of heat transfer does not require a medium to move through?

    <p>Radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of energy for the water cycle, wind, and ocean currents?

    <p>Sun's light energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which atmospheric circulation cell is located at each pole?

    <p>Polar Cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common adaptation for both predators and prey to avoid predation?

    <p>Mimicry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for evenly distributing heat and weather throughout the globe?

    <p>Earth's rotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event marks the first day of summer or winter?

    <p>Summer Solstice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for dictating the speed and direction of air?

    <p>Differences in temperature and pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is solar energy related to the greenhouse effect?

    <p>Solar energy warms the Earth, leading to the greenhouse effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the sun in relation to wind?

    <p>The sun provides the necessary energy for wind to occur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does excess greenhouse gas have on the Earth?

    <p>It enhances the greenhouse effect, leading to global warming and climate change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do different hemispheres experience seasons?

    <p>The hemispheres experience opposite seasons due to Earth's tilt and orbit around the sun</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event marks the transition to summer or winter in each hemisphere?

    <p>Solstice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the impact of the greenhouse effect be mitigated?

    <p>Utilizing more renewable resources like wind and solar power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of greenhouse gases in relation to solar energy?

    <p>Greenhouse gases trap some of the solar energy warming the Earth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do different parts of Earth receive varying amounts of sunlight?

    <p>As a result of Earth's tilt on its axis and its orbit around the sun</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the air to cool as it expands?

    <p>Increased collisions between particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does warming air influence air pressure?

    <p>Increases collisions between molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the leeward side of a mountain tend to be dry?

    <p>Most moisture is left on the windward side</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mechanism leads to adiabatic temperature changes in a parcel of air?

    <p>Expansion or compression without heat exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which atmospheric circulation cell experiences little atmospheric circulation and creates hot, dry climates?

    <p>Horse Latitudes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of atmospheric circulation around Earth?

    <p>Distribution of heat and weather globally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the prevailing winds in the Polar Cell directed towards?

    <p>Poles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for dictating the speed and direction of air movement?

    <p>'Pressure gradient force' and 'Coriolis Effect'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of organismal ecology?

    <p>The traits of organisms and how they contribute to a species' life history</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do secondary, tertiary, and quaternary consumers in an ecosystem primarily feed on?

    <p>Primary consumers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the process of using body shape and coloration to blend in with the environment?

    <p>Camouflage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary selective force for prey organisms?

    <p>Predation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which level of ecology investigates all types of organisms within a defined area?

    <p>Community ecology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do herbivores primarily feed on?

    <p>Producers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does coevolution occur as a result of?

    <p>Predator-prey interactions where each species is adapting to surpass the other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Producers' in an ecosystem are generally found at which trophic level?

    <p>First trophic level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of severe weather like thunderstorms, heavy rain, or tornadoes?

    <p>Collision of air masses with similar temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cloud is associated with a thunderstorm or snow depending on the temperature?

    <p>Cumulus cloud</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do jet streams play in the movement of air masses?

    <p>Jet streams move air masses from west to east</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of front that results in both warm front and cold front type weather on either side of it?

    <p>Occluded front</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process leads to the formation of clouds due to the moisture in the air condensing as its altitude increases?

    <p>Convectional lifting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the boundary called where two different air masses interact?

    <p>Frontal boundary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of energy for the water cycle, wind, and ocean currents?

    <p>Sunlight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Ecology is the study of life and usually focuses on natural systems' What do ecologists study primarily?

    <p>'Organisms and their interactions with each other'</p> Signup and view all the answers

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