79 Questions
What is the main cause of the greenhouse effect?
Radiation of energy back off the Earth and trapped by greenhouse gases
How does excess greenhouse gas affect the Earth?
Enhances the greenhouse effect, leading to global warming
What can help reduce the greenhouse effect?
Using less fossil fuels and more renewable resources like wind and solar power
What causes different seasons on Earth?
Tilt of Earth on its axis and its orbit around the sun
Which event marks the first day of summer or winter?
Solstice
What is NOT a way in which solar energy affects the Earth?
Causing air pollution
How do the northern and southern hemispheres experience seasons?
They have opposite seasons due to Earth's tilt on its axis
What happens to day lengths during summer and winter in each hemisphere?
Day lengths increase in summer and decrease in winter
What is the term used to describe the movement of air from high to low pressure areas?
Wind
Which method of heat transfer involves the movement of fluids like water in a pan?
Convection
What type of materials are conductors?
Materials that transfer heat quickly and easily, such as most metals
What type of energy is light converted into on Earth?
Thermal energy
Who studies the long-term, average weather and atmospheric conditions in a specific area?
Climatologists
What causes air to naturally move from high-pressure to low-pressure systems?
Expansion of air when heated
Which method of heat transfer does not require a medium to move through?
Radiation
What is the primary source of energy for the water cycle, wind, and ocean currents?
Sun
What is responsible for dictating the speed and direction of air?
The Coriolis Effect
What describes the collision of molecules and weight of air pressing on its surroundings?
Air pressure
Why does warm air rise up the windward side of a mountain cool down?
Expansion of air leading to fewer collisions
What causes clouds to form?
Rising warm, moist air
Which atmospheric circulation cell is located at each pole?
Polar Cell
What is responsible for evenly distributing heat and weather throughout the globe?
Atmospheric circulation
What happens when clouds grow tall enough?
They create a thunderstorm cloud
What boundary experiences little atmospheric circulation and results in a hot and dry climate?
'Horse latitudes' boundary
What is the boundary between the two Hadley cells called?
Doldrums
What creates an area of low pressure in the atmosphere?
Cool air rising
What is a cumulus cloud characterized by?
White puffy appearance
Which type of front is represented with red lines and red half circles on a weather map?
Warm front
What leads to the formation of clouds through orographic lifting?
Landforms like mountains
Which type of air mass forms in the coolest conditions?
Continental arctic (cA)
What is the collision point of different air masses known as?
Frontal boundary
What process leads to the formation of clouds when warm, humid air rises?
$H_2O$ condensation
What is the main focus of organismal ecology?
Analyzing how traits of organisms contribute to their life history
Which ecology level investigates all types of organisms within a defined area?
Community ecology
What is the primary role of producers in an ecosystem food web?
Creating their own food through photosynthesis
What does the transfer of energy through trophic levels in ecosystems show?
10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next
What is one common adaptation for both predators and prey to avoid predation?
Using chemicals as a defense mechanism
What are secondary, tertiary, and quaternary consumers in an ecosystem?
'Top' consumers that feed on other consumers
How do predators and prey engage in coevolution?
'Predator-prey' interactions leading to adaptation in both species
What is the term used to describe the movement of air from high to low pressure areas?
Convection
Which method of heat transfer does not require a medium to move through?
Radiation
What is the primary source of energy for the water cycle, wind, and ocean currents?
Sun's light energy
Which atmospheric circulation cell is located at each pole?
Polar Cell
What is a common adaptation for both predators and prey to avoid predation?
Mimicry
What is responsible for evenly distributing heat and weather throughout the globe?
Earth's rotation
Which event marks the first day of summer or winter?
Summer Solstice
What is responsible for dictating the speed and direction of air?
Differences in temperature and pressure
How is solar energy related to the greenhouse effect?
Solar energy warms the Earth, leading to the greenhouse effect
What is the primary role of the sun in relation to wind?
The sun provides the necessary energy for wind to occur
What effect does excess greenhouse gas have on the Earth?
It enhances the greenhouse effect, leading to global warming and climate change
How do different hemispheres experience seasons?
The hemispheres experience opposite seasons due to Earth's tilt and orbit around the sun
What event marks the transition to summer or winter in each hemisphere?
Solstice
How can the impact of the greenhouse effect be mitigated?
Utilizing more renewable resources like wind and solar power
What is the role of greenhouse gases in relation to solar energy?
Greenhouse gases trap some of the solar energy warming the Earth
How do different parts of Earth receive varying amounts of sunlight?
As a result of Earth's tilt on its axis and its orbit around the sun
What causes the air to cool as it expands?
Increased collisions between particles
How does warming air influence air pressure?
Increases collisions between molecules
Why does the leeward side of a mountain tend to be dry?
Most moisture is left on the windward side
What mechanism leads to adiabatic temperature changes in a parcel of air?
Expansion or compression without heat exchange
Which atmospheric circulation cell experiences little atmospheric circulation and creates hot, dry climates?
Horse Latitudes
What is the primary function of atmospheric circulation around Earth?
Distribution of heat and weather globally
Where are the prevailing winds in the Polar Cell directed towards?
Poles
What is responsible for dictating the speed and direction of air movement?
'Pressure gradient force' and 'Coriolis Effect'
What is the focus of organismal ecology?
The traits of organisms and how they contribute to a species' life history
What do secondary, tertiary, and quaternary consumers in an ecosystem primarily feed on?
Primary consumers
Which term describes the process of using body shape and coloration to blend in with the environment?
Camouflage
What is the primary selective force for prey organisms?
Predation
Which level of ecology investigates all types of organisms within a defined area?
Community ecology
What do herbivores primarily feed on?
Producers
What does coevolution occur as a result of?
Predator-prey interactions where each species is adapting to surpass the other
'Producers' in an ecosystem are generally found at which trophic level?
First trophic level
What is the main cause of severe weather like thunderstorms, heavy rain, or tornadoes?
Collision of air masses with similar temperatures
What type of cloud is associated with a thunderstorm or snow depending on the temperature?
Cumulus cloud
What role do jet streams play in the movement of air masses?
Jet streams move air masses from west to east
What is the type of front that results in both warm front and cold front type weather on either side of it?
Occluded front
What process leads to the formation of clouds due to the moisture in the air condensing as its altitude increases?
Convectional lifting
What is the boundary called where two different air masses interact?
Frontal boundary
What is the primary source of energy for the water cycle, wind, and ocean currents?
Sunlight
'Ecology is the study of life and usually focuses on natural systems' What do ecologists study primarily?
'Organisms and their interactions with each other'
Explore how solar energy impacts the Earth in various ways, from providing light and warmth to influencing climate, weather, and seasons. Learn about the greenhouse effect and how excess greenhouse gases can affect our planet's temperature.
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