Soil vs. Dirt: Key Concepts in Chapter 12
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Questions and Answers

What are the essential elements needed in large quantities for plant growth?

  • Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Sulfur (correct)
  • Sedimentary, Igneous, Metamorphic
  • Iron, Manganese, Copper, Zinc, Boron, Molybdenum, Chlorine, Nickel
  • Soil fertility, Organic matter, Inorganic fertilizers, Erosion
  • What is the vertical section through soil called?

  • Nutrient Complex
  • Soil Dirt
  • Plant Growth
  • Soil Profile (correct)
  • Which layer of the soil profile is known as 'topsoil'?

  • Organic matter
  • A horizon (correct)
  • Inorganic fertilizer
  • Unweathered rock
  • What accelerates the loss of soil through wind or water action?

    <p>Erosion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the parent material for most soils?

    <p>Rock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a mixture of minerals, organic matter, liquids, and gases known as?

    <p>Soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What portion of soil includes animal and plant residues rich in carbon compounds?

    <p>Organic Matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of soil organisms like earthworms, fungi, and arthropods?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the texture of soil?

    <p>The particle sizes of sand, silt, and clay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about soil pore space is correct?

    <p>Pore space can be occupied by either air or water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ideal soil texture for plant growth?

    <p>Loam soils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following forces is responsible for the adhesion of water to soil particles?

    <p>Adhesive force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate size range for sand particles in soil?

    <p>0.05 - 2.0 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following forces is responsible for the attraction between water molecules themselves?

    <p>Cohesive force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that determines the carbon-nitrogen ratio in soil?

    <p>The amount of organic matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of soil aggregation and structure?

    <p>To improve water storage capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do soil organisms like earthworms, fungi, and arthropods contribute to soil health?

    <p>They break down organic matter and release nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the cohesion force between water molecules in soil?

    <p>To facilitate the movement of water through the soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which soil texture is considered the most ideal for plant growth?

    <p>Loam soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the carbon-nitrogen (C:N) ratio in soil?

    <p>To control the rate of organic matter decomposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of soil pore space?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of organic matter in soil?

    <p>Decomposed plant and animal residues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate size range for silt particles in soil?

    <p>0.002 - 0.05 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a primary type of rock that serves as parent material for soils?

    <p>Biogenic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a macronutrient required by plants in large quantities?

    <p>Sodium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of organic matter in soil?

    <p>Sequestering and supplying nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about soil texture is correct?

    <p>Soil texture refers to the size and shape of soil particles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following micronutrients is NOT required by plants?

    <p>Lithium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that determines the carbon-nitrogen ratio in soil?

    <p>Organic matter content</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about soil erosion is correct?

    <p>Soil erosion is accelerated by wind or water action.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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