Soil vs. Dirt: Key Concepts in Chapter 12

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Questions and Answers

What are the essential elements needed in large quantities for plant growth?

  • Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Sulfur (correct)
  • Sedimentary, Igneous, Metamorphic
  • Iron, Manganese, Copper, Zinc, Boron, Molybdenum, Chlorine, Nickel
  • Soil fertility, Organic matter, Inorganic fertilizers, Erosion

What is the vertical section through soil called?

  • Nutrient Complex
  • Soil Dirt
  • Plant Growth
  • Soil Profile (correct)

Which layer of the soil profile is known as 'topsoil'?

  • Organic matter
  • A horizon (correct)
  • Inorganic fertilizer
  • Unweathered rock

What accelerates the loss of soil through wind or water action?

<p>Erosion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the parent material for most soils?

<p>Rock (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a mixture of minerals, organic matter, liquids, and gases known as?

<p>Soil (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What portion of soil includes animal and plant residues rich in carbon compounds?

<p>Organic Matter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of soil organisms like earthworms, fungi, and arthropods?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the texture of soil?

<p>The particle sizes of sand, silt, and clay (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about soil pore space is correct?

<p>Pore space can be occupied by either air or water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ideal soil texture for plant growth?

<p>Loam soils (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following forces is responsible for the adhesion of water to soil particles?

<p>Adhesive force (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate size range for sand particles in soil?

<p>0.05 - 2.0 mm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following forces is responsible for the attraction between water molecules themselves?

<p>Cohesive force (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that determines the carbon-nitrogen ratio in soil?

<p>The amount of organic matter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of soil aggregation and structure?

<p>To improve water storage capacity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do soil organisms like earthworms, fungi, and arthropods contribute to soil health?

<p>They break down organic matter and release nutrients (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cohesion force between water molecules in soil?

<p>To facilitate the movement of water through the soil (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which soil texture is considered the most ideal for plant growth?

<p>Loam soil (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the carbon-nitrogen (C:N) ratio in soil?

<p>To control the rate of organic matter decomposition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of soil pore space?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of organic matter in soil?

<p>Decomposed plant and animal residues (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate size range for silt particles in soil?

<p>0.002 - 0.05 mm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a primary type of rock that serves as parent material for soils?

<p>Biogenic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a macronutrient required by plants in large quantities?

<p>Sodium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of organic matter in soil?

<p>Sequestering and supplying nutrients (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about soil texture is correct?

<p>Soil texture refers to the size and shape of soil particles. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following micronutrients is NOT required by plants?

<p>Lithium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that determines the carbon-nitrogen ratio in soil?

<p>Organic matter content (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about soil erosion is correct?

<p>Soil erosion is accelerated by wind or water action. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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