Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which soil horizon is primarily composed of organic material and is crucial for plant growth?
Which soil horizon is primarily composed of organic material and is crucial for plant growth?
- O Horizon (correct)
- C Horizon
- A Horizon
- B Horizon
What distinguishes mechanical weathering from chemical weathering?
What distinguishes mechanical weathering from chemical weathering?
- Mechanical weathering occurs primarily in aquatic environments.
- Mechanical weathering involves changes in temperature and pressure.
- Mechanical weathering breaks rocks into smaller pieces without altering their composition. (correct)
- Mechanical weathering alters the chemical composition of rocks.
Which factor is least likely to influence the type of soil formed?
Which factor is least likely to influence the type of soil formed?
- Topography
- Climate
- Parent material
- Subsurface irrigation methods (correct)
What is the primary cause of soil erosion?
What is the primary cause of soil erosion?
Which term describes a soil texture that has a balanced mix of sand, silt, and clay?
Which term describes a soil texture that has a balanced mix of sand, silt, and clay?
Flashcards
Mechanical weathering
Mechanical weathering
Breaking down rocks into smaller pieces through physical forces like freezing, thawing, and abrasion.
Chemical weathering
Chemical weathering
The process of breaking down rocks and minerals through chemical reactions, like acid rain or oxidation.
O Horizon
O Horizon
The uppermost layer of soil, rich in organic matter and decomposed plant and animal remains.
A Horizon
A Horizon
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Erosion
Erosion
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Study Notes
Midterm Information
- Midterm exam is scheduled for Wednesday, January 22nd.
- The exam will be administered during the scheduled class period.
- Students needing to take the exam in the PLC must notify the instructor and Mr. Rogers immediately.
- The exam covers Unit 4: Soil.
- The exam will be on scantron.
- The exam will be recorded in Powerschool as a Quarter 2 major assessment.
Unit 4: Soil - Vocabulary
- Decomposer: An organism that breaks down organic matter.
- Organic Material: Material derived from once-living organisms.
- A Horizon: Topsoil, the layer of soil rich in minerals and organic matter.
- B Horizon: Subsoil, often containing clay and minerals leached from the A horizon.
- C Horizon: Parent material, largely weathered bedrock.
- O Horizon: The layer of organic matter on top of the soil profile; often composed of leaves and other plant matter.
- Weathering: The process by which rocks are broken down into smaller pieces.
- Erosion: The process of wearing away soil by natural forces like wind and water.
- Permeable: Able to be penetrated by water or air.
- Loam: A fertile soil type containing roughly equal parts of sand, silt, and clay.
- Humus: Dark, organic material in soil formed by the decomposition of plant and animal matter.
- Pedalfer: Soils with a high clay content, common in humid regions.
- Pedocal: Soils containing more calcium carbonate than pedalfers.
- Laterite: Highly weathered soil found in tropical and subtropical regions.
Unit 4: Soil Key Concepts
- Mechanical vs. Chemical Weathering: Distinguish between physical processes and chemical reactions responsible for breaking down rocks.
- Influences on Weathering: Analyze factors influencing weathering rates (e.g., climate, rock type).
- Soil Texture Triangle Classification: Understand the methods for identifying and classifying soils using proportions of sand, silt, and clay.
- Soil Formation: Explain the process including the roles of parent material, climate, topography, organisms, and time in soil development.
- Factors Influencing Soil Type: Relate different soil types to various environmental factors.
- Soil Profile: Define the soil profile, and identify the major layers (O, A, B, C horizons).
- Soil Types: Describe different types of soil based on characteristics (pedalfers, pedocals).
- Soil Erosion Causes: Recognize the factors that cause soil erosion (e.g., water runoff).
- Farming Methods for Erosion Prevention: Learn about and contrast farming techniques designed to preserve soil.
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