18 Questions
Which of the following is NOT one of the four main soil formation processes described in the text?
Evaporation
What does the lowercase letter 't' in a soil horizon designation (e.g. Bt) indicate?
Clay accumulation
Which of the following is NOT a master soil horizon?
Bt
Which of the following processes involves the movement of organic and inorganic materials across a soil profile?
Translocation
What does the lowercase letter 'n' in a soil horizon designation (e.g. Bn) indicate?
Sodium accumulation
Which of the following soil formation processes involves the chemical or physical modification or destruction of soil constituents and the synthesis of new materials?
Transformation
What is the most important factor in soil formation according to the text?
Water
Which horizon in the soil profile contains unconsolidated organic material at the soil surface?
Oi Horizon
What is the zone in the soil profile characterized by organic material mixed with minerals?
Organic (very black)
Which horizon in the soil profile is highly decomposed, smooth, and amorphous residues?
Oa Horizon
Humid warm climate is assumed for soil formation. Which factor contributes significantly to soil formation under such conditions?
Water
Which horizon is a mineral horizon formed at or near the surface where humified organic matter is associated with mineral materials?
A Horizon
What is the 'E' horizon in soil classification primarily characterized by?
Loss of silicate clay, organic matter, aluminum, or iron through downward movement
What process describes the removal of soil constituents in suspension?
Eluviation
Which horizon is characterized by the accumulation of materials from overlying horizons?
B Horizon
What type of horizon retains evidence of rock structure but lacks diagnostic properties?
C Horizon
In soil classification, what does 'R' horizon refer to?
Continuous consolidated hard or very hard bedrock
What process does illuviation describe in soil formation?
Accumulation of materials from overlying horizons
Learn about soil horizons, soil formation processes, factors influencing soil formation, and the role of water in soil development. Explore how different factors contribute to the formation of soil layers in a humid warm climate.
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