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Soil Formation Basics

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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of soil in relation to plant growth?

To protect plant roots from extreme weather conditions
To absorb sunlight for photosynthesis
To regulate the pH levels around plant roots
To provide physical support for plant roots (correct)

Which type of rock is formed when layers of sediments are compacted over millions of years?

Metamorphic rock
Igneous rock
Sedimentary rock (correct)
Marble

What causes cracks in rocks due to frost?

Root activity
Chemical weathering
Animal activity
Water expanding when freezing (correct)

How are metamorphic rocks formed?

Through intense heat or pressure on igneous or sedimentary rocks (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of hydrolysis in rock weathering?

Breaking down rock minerals through a chemical reaction with water (B) Signup and view all the answers

What makes Irish soils relatively young compared to other soils?

They were formed after the last Ice Age (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of soil in nutrient recycling?

To decompose plant and animal remains (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of hydration in rock minerals?

It changes the chemical characteristics of minerals (A) Signup and view all the answers

How do microorganisms contribute to soil formation?

By breaking down nitrogen and carbon dioxide from the atmosphere (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor influences the acidity and texture of soils formed?

Parent Material (C) Signup and view all the answers

How does topography affect soil depth?

It decreases soil depth on slopes (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of aspect on soil temperature?

Soils warm up faster in south-facing lands (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of burrowing animals and plant roots in weathering rocks?

They cause mechanical weathering of rocks (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which substance is rich in organic matter and produced from plant remains when oxygen is not present?

Peat (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of living organisms on soil formation?

To add humus and nutrients to the soil (B) Signup and view all the answers

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