Soil Formation Basics
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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of soil in relation to plant growth?

  • To protect plant roots from extreme weather conditions
  • To absorb sunlight for photosynthesis
  • To regulate the pH levels around plant roots
  • To provide physical support for plant roots (correct)

Which type of rock is formed when layers of sediments are compacted over millions of years?

  • Metamorphic rock
  • Igneous rock
  • Sedimentary rock (correct)
  • Marble

What causes cracks in rocks due to frost?

  • Root activity
  • Chemical weathering
  • Animal activity
  • Water expanding when freezing (correct)

How are metamorphic rocks formed?

<p>Through intense heat or pressure on igneous or sedimentary rocks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of hydrolysis in rock weathering?

<p>Breaking down rock minerals through a chemical reaction with water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes Irish soils relatively young compared to other soils?

<p>They were formed after the last Ice Age (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of soil in nutrient recycling?

<p>To decompose plant and animal remains (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of hydration in rock minerals?

<p>It changes the chemical characteristics of minerals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do microorganisms contribute to soil formation?

<p>By breaking down nitrogen and carbon dioxide from the atmosphere (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor influences the acidity and texture of soils formed?

<p>Parent Material (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does topography affect soil depth?

<p>It decreases soil depth on slopes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of aspect on soil temperature?

<p>Soils warm up faster in south-facing lands (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of burrowing animals and plant roots in weathering rocks?

<p>They cause mechanical weathering of rocks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which substance is rich in organic matter and produced from plant remains when oxygen is not present?

<p>Peat (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of living organisms on soil formation?

<p>To add humus and nutrients to the soil (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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