Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a component of soil?
Rocks
What is the uppermost layer of soil called?
Topsoil
How is soil formed?
Through weathering
What is the composition of soil?
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Why do plants, trees, and crops require soil to grow?
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Study Notes
Soil Composition
- Water, air, living organisms, and organic matter are all components of soil
- Parent material, such as rock and minerals, is broken down through weathering and erosion to form soil
Soil Layers
- The uppermost layer of soil is called the topsoil or humus
- Topsoil is the most fertile layer, containing the most organic matter and nutrients
Soil Formation
- Soil is formed through the process of weathering, erosion, and decomposition over thousands of years
- Weathering breaks down parent material, while erosion transports it away, and decomposition breaks down organic matter
Importance of Soil
- Plants, trees, and crops require soil to grow because it provides essential nutrients, water, and air
- Soil supports plant growth by anchoring roots, regulating water, and moderating temperatures
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