Questions and Answers
What is the primary goal of soil and water conservation?
To maintain or enhance the productive capacity of the land
What is the fundamental problem addressed by soil conservation?
Soil erosion
Why is conservation of soil and water resources important?
For sustainability of agriculture and environment
What is a watershed?
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What is the significance of conservation tillage in soil and water conservation?
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What is the local level approach in soil and water conservation?
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What is the main factor contributing to low crop productivity in tropical and subtropical countries?
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What is the consequence of soil erosion on water bodies?
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Why are soil and water resources under immense pressure?
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What are the activities involved in soil and water conservation?
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What is the of watershed management?
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What is the importance of water conservation?
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What is the primary goal of soil and water conservation efforts?
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What is the purpose of terracing in soil and water conservation?
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What is the role of soil and water conservation in sustainable agriculture?
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What is the consequence of poor land management practices on water bodies?
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Study Notes
Soil and Water Conservation
- Soil and water conservation measures are applied to protect soil and water from atmospheric agents like water and wind.
- Soil conservation as a separate field originated around 1930, but the problems it tackles are as old as mankind.
Key Objectives
- Prevention or reduction of soil erosion, compaction, and salinity
- Conservation or drainage of water
- Maintenance or improvement of soil fertility
Watershed Management
- A watershed is a drainage area where all water passes to a single point, making it an ideal hydrological unit for managing water and soil resources.
- Watersheds "shed" water into a particular body of water, and each body of water has its own watershed.
- Rainfall and snowmelt are channeled into streams and rivers by watersheds.
Importance of Soil and Water Conservation
- Conservation of soil and water resources is crucial for sustainability of agriculture and the environment.
- Soil and water resources are under immense pressure due to increasing population and growing demand for food, fiber, and shelter.
- Soil and water resources are being degraded due to anthropogenic and natural factors.
- Soil erosion contributes to sedimentation and nutrient runoff, degrading water quality in rivers, lakes, and streams.
Benefits of Soil and Water Conservation
- Water conservation ensures availability of water for various uses like drinking, irrigation, and industrial use.
- It also helps maintain the water table level and prevents droughts.
- Soil and water conservation efforts enhance soil organic matter and physical properties.
Scope of Soil and Water Conservation
- Sustainable Agriculture: Soil and water conservation promote sustainable agriculture by preserving soil fertility, enhancing water retention, and reducing erosion.
- Erosion Control: Soil and water conservation efforts aim to implement erosion control measures to prevent soil erosion and preserve soil fertility.
- Water Quality Management: Soil and water conservation efforts help prevent contamination of water bodies with sediment, nutrients, and pollutants.
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