Software Types, ERP, Cloud and Open Source

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes the primary function of an operating system?

  • To run specific applications for the user.
  • To provide internet access.
  • To create documents, spreadsheets, and presentations.
  • To manage hardware resources and provide a user interface. (correct)

An Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system is characterized by which of the following?

  • It utilizes a decentralized database for each department.
  • It uses a centralized database integrating data across the organization. (correct)
  • It is implemented quickly, usually within a few months.
  • It focuses on individual productivity applications.

What is the defining characteristic of open-source software?

  • It requires a paid license for use.
  • It is available only to large enterprises.
  • Its source code is available for anyone to copy and use. (correct)
  • It is exclusively developed by a single company.

What is a key advantage of cloud computing over traditional software installation?

<p>It does not require software installation or upgrades on the user's computer. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential disadvantage of utilizing cloud computing services?

<p>Dependence on a third party for service and data storage. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the role of application software?

<p>Allowing the user to accomplish a specific goal or purpose. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of smartphones and tablets in the evolution of software?

<p>They are becoming the dominant form of computing, requiring tailored software development. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is most likely a benefit of using closed-source software?

<p>Technical support from the company that developed it. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a compiler in the software creation process?

<p>To convert code into machine-readable form. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do supply chain management (SCM) systems enhance organizational efficiency?

<p>By linking an organization’s suppliers, manufacturing facilities, and distributors. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the difference between application software and operating systems?

<p>Operating systems manage hardware, while application software carries out specific user tasks. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a key function of operating systems regarding software development?

<p>Offering a platform for developers to write applications. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Visicalc and Lotus 1-2-3 relate to what category of application software?

<p>Spreadsheets (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of customer relationship management (CRM) software in an organization?

<p>Managing relationships with current and prospective customers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the utilization of a centralized database in an ERP system impact an organization?

<p>It facilitates integrated data management across the entire organization. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential impact of not developing software for mobile devices in today's computing environment?

<p>Missed market opportunities due to the increasing use of smartphones and tablets. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which category of application software includes tools for writing and editing code?

<p>Programming software (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of cloud computing?

<p>Information is always safe and secure as it's stored on someone else's computer. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the term “killer application” in the context of software?

<p>Software that becomes incredibly essential or popular. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the software context, what does 'compiling' typically involve?

<p>Converting human-readable code into machine-readable form. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Flashcards

What is Software?

Software manages hardware and provides an interface between the hardware and the user, allowing users to accomplish tasks.

What are Operating Systems?

Operating systems manage hardware resources and provide a platform for software developers to write applications. They are the interface between the hardware and the user.

What is Application Software?

Application software allows users to accomplish a specific goal or purpose, such as spreadsheets or word processors.

What is Productivity Software?

Productivity software assists users in tasks such as creating documents, spreadsheets, and presentations.

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What is Utility Software?

Utility software helps fix or modify a computer's operations.

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What is Programming Software?

Programming software provides an environment to write code and develop software applications.

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What is ERP Software?

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is a software application utilizing a centralized database implemented throughout an organization to manage information.

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What is Cloud Computing?

Cloud computing involves applications, services, and data storage on remote servers accessed via the Internet.

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What is Open Source Software?

Open-source software is source code available for anyone to copy and use, often available for free download and installation.

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What is Closed Source Software?

Closed source software has a financial incentive and technical support from the company that developed it.

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Study Notes

  • Software is defined and categorized, along with the roles for Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and exploration of cloud computing and open-source models.

Types of Software

  • Operating systems manage hardware and create an interface between the hardware and the user.
  • Application software consists of programs that perform useful tasks for the user.

Operating System Functions

  • Operating systems manage the computer's hardware resources.
  • They provide user interface components.
  • Additionally, they offer a platform for software developers to create applications.

Application Software

  • Application software allows the user to accomplish a specific goal or purpose.
  • Spreadsheets are a type of "killer" application, such as Visicalc for Apple and Lotus 1-2-3 for IBM PC.
  • Microsoft Office suite exists as productivity software.
  • Utility software is available to fix or modify a computer.
  • Programming software gives the environment to write code.

Application Software for the Enterprise

  • A primary purpose is to control over information splintered.
  • Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is a software application utilizing a centralized database that is implemented throughout the entire organization.
  • An ERP system requires full commitment from the organization and takes two to three years to implement, and tend to be very expensive.
  • Customer Relationship Management helps manage an organization's customers; often included in ERP packages.
  • Supply change management refers to the linkage between an organization's suppliers, its manufacturing facilities, and the distributors of its products, and manages the interconnection between these links.

Mobile Applications

  • Smartphones and tablets are becoming the dominant form of computing.
  • Therefore, developing software on mobile devices is crucial to remain relevant.

Cloud Computing

  • Cloud computing provides applications, services, and data storage over the Internet.
  • Giant server farms and data storage devices are connected via the Internet.
  • Individuals and organizations use these services.
  • A key to cloud computing is that there is no software to install or upgrades to maintain.
  • It is available on any computer with Internet access.
  • The technology can scale easily to a large number of users.
  • Advantages of cloud computing are that new applications can be up and running quickly, and services can be leased as needed.
  • One disadvantage is that the information is stored on someone else's computer, raising safety concerns.
  • It will not work without an Internet connection, relying on a third party to provide service.

Software Creation

  • Computer code is written using a programming language.
  • This code is then compiled into a machine-readable form.

Open Source Software

  • With open source, the source code is available for anyone to copy and use.
  • One can simply download and install it.
  • Benefits include software available for free, source code transparency, and a large community of programmers contributing to quick bug fixes and improvements.

Closed Source Benefits

  • Closed source software provides financial incentives, so the best qualified will produce this software.
  • Technical support comes from the company that developed it.

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