Software Testing: Unit Testing and Frameworks

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of unit testing?

To prepare the code for deployment

To test the code in small, individual units (correct)

To analyze the performance of the software application

To validate user requirements

Which of the following steps is NOT part of the unit testing process?

Gathering return values to compare with expected output

Deploying the code to production (correct)

Feeding the function specific values

Using assertions to handle test failures

What does test coverage measure?

The depth of testing in terms of feature completeness

The performance impact of the tests on the system

The extent to which the source code is tested by test cases (correct)

The number of test cases executed during testing

Which command is used to compile code with counting flags for test coverage?

gcc -Wall -fprofile-arcs -ftest-coverage -o insert insert.c Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of assertions in unit testing?

To throw exceptions if the test fails Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Assert::AreEqual method?

To compare two values and throw an exception if they are not equal Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following test methods correctly validates a square operation?

Assert::AreEqual(64.0, d); Signup and view all the answers

What would be the outcome of calling the IsTrue method with a false boolean?

It throws an exception Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected result of the CubeTest method when evaluating cube(3.0)?

27.0 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the Fail method?

It causes the test to fail immediately and displays an optional message Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the MathIntegrationTest class is true?

It is part of the MathTestSuite namespace. Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario would the AreNotEqual method be used?

When two values should not match each other Signup and view all the answers

What would the output be if Assert::AreEqual(91.0, d + d1) is called with d = square(8.0) and d1 = cube(3.0)?

An exception is thrown due to unequal values Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Software Testing - Unit Testing

Unit testing is the process of testing small units of code.
Typically, these units correspond to functions.
Steps to test units:
- Provide specific input values to the function.
- Collect the return value from the function.
- Compare the return value to the expected output.
- If the actual output matches the expected output, the test passes.

Software Testing - Test Frameworks

Unit test frameworks aid in setting up tests.
Frameworks allow for calling functions and storing results.
The result is compared to the expected outcome.
Assertions are used to throw exceptions if tests fail.
The framework also involves a teardown step.
Common steps within unit test frameworks include
- Test Setup
- Execution (calling the function under test)
- Checking the result (comparing to expected outcome)
- Test Tear-Down (cleanup)

Software Testing - Test Coverage

Test coverage assesses how much of the source code is covered by a set of test cases.
It's a metric for evaluating testing efficiency.
Measures the lines of code executed during tests.
Measures how many times each line of code is executed.
Steps to perform test coverage analysis:
- Compile the code with special flags for coverage.
- Execute the target program.
- Generate a report using the gcov tool.
- Examine the generated *.gcov file to see line-by-line coverage and execution count data.

Software Testing - Test Math Functions

Example includes for testing math functions in C code(using Header file):
- mathfuncs.h (header file): Contains function declarations (square and cube).
- mathfuncs.c: Contains function definitions for square and cube.
- main: Example usage of the square method.

Creating a Test Project

Several templates are available for different programming languages (C++, etc.).
Available templates include Native Unit Test Project, Console App, and Library projects.

Writing Test Code

Includes header files for unit testing (such as CppUnitTest.h).
Uses a test framework (e.g., Microsoft Visual Studio's CppUnitTestFramework).
Examples of test methods:
- SquareTest: Tests the square function.
- CubeTest: Tests the cube function.
- AdditionTest: Tests addition of function outputs (e.g., square(8) + cube(3)).

Access C Include File

The C include file (mathfuncs.h) is included into the test framework.

Assertions

Methods for checking conditions within the tests:
- AreEqual(v1, v2) compares values and throws exceptions if they are not equal.
- AreNotEqual(v1, v2) compares for inequality, throwing exceptions on equality.
- IsTrue(b1) checks for b1 being true.
- IsFalse(b1) checks for b1 being false.
- Fail() forces a test failure.

Setup Library Path

This involves setting up the correct paths within Visual Studio for linking required libraries.
The process involves configuring the library paths to allow linking with needed libraries.

Setup Include Path

Setting the directory where header files reside
This ensures the compiler can find the required project headers.

Running Tests in Visual Studio

Test Explorer window allows controlling and running tests.
Results are displayed in the explorer window, indicating durations, success or failure, etc.

Test Results

Test explorer displays results such as duration, success, failure conditions.
Reports can be filtered using the menu.

Setup and Teardown Before/After Tests

TEST_MODULE_INITIALIZE sets up resources for the module.
TEST_MODULE_CLEANUP releases resources of the module.
TEST_CLASS_INITIALIZE and TEST_CLASS_CLEANUP are similar but for individual test classes.

Test from Command Line

Executable tool vstest from the command line is used to run tests.
The tool reports test pass/fail conditions and durations.

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Description

This quiz focuses on the fundamentals of unit testing, including its processes, frameworks, and coverage assessments. You will learn about the steps involved in conducting unit tests, utilizing test frameworks effectively, and understanding test coverage principles. Whether you're new to software testing or looking to refresh your knowledge, this quiz is for you.