Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which type of software documentation is primarily aimed at end-users, providing instructions on how to use the software?
Which type of software documentation is primarily aimed at end-users, providing instructions on how to use the software?
- User Documentation (correct)
- Technical Documentation
- Developer Documentation
- Marketing Documentation
In software testing, what is the primary goal of ensuring a software product is 'Defect free'?
In software testing, what is the primary goal of ensuring a software product is 'Defect free'?
- Matching the actual software against expected requirements (correct)
- Meeting the expected deadlines
- Minimizing the cost of development
- Exceeding user expectations in functionality
What is a key objective of software testing that focuses on fulfilling the needs of the end user?
What is a key objective of software testing that focuses on fulfilling the needs of the end user?
- To ensure the code is optimized for performance
- To find and correct defects
- To check whether the user's needs are satisfied (correct)
- To minimize development time
Which of the following is a key objective of software testing?
Which of the following is a key objective of software testing?
Which factor most commonly contributes to the introduction of bugs in software?
Which factor most commonly contributes to the introduction of bugs in software?
What misconception about software testing is addressed by emphasizing that testing never ends?
What misconception about software testing is addressed by emphasizing that testing never ends?
In the context of software testing, what accurately defines a 'Bug'?
In the context of software testing, what accurately defines a 'Bug'?
Which statement accurately describes the relationship between 'Error', 'Fault', and 'Failure' in software?
Which statement accurately describes the relationship between 'Error', 'Fault', and 'Failure' in software?
In a scenario where a function intended to square an integer n (i.e., calculate $n * n$) incorrectly returns n * 2, how would this be classified?
In a scenario where a function intended to square an integer n (i.e., calculate $n * n$) incorrectly returns n * 2, how would this be classified?
What is typically included or defined within a testing specification?
What is typically included or defined within a testing specification?
Which type of software testing focuses on evaluating individual units or components of the software?
Which type of software testing focuses on evaluating individual units or components of the software?
Following unit testing, which testing phase focuses on verifying the interaction between software components?
Following unit testing, which testing phase focuses on verifying the interaction between software components?
What does 'UAT' stand for under types of SW Testing in SW Engineering?
What does 'UAT' stand for under types of SW Testing in SW Engineering?
Which type of testing is primarily concerned with evaluating aspects such as performance, usability, and scalability?
Which type of testing is primarily concerned with evaluating aspects such as performance, usability, and scalability?
After a software update is deployed, which type of testing ensures that existing functionalities still work as expected?
After a software update is deployed, which type of testing ensures that existing functionalities still work as expected?
In which testing methodology is knowledge of the internal program design and code essential?
In which testing methodology is knowledge of the internal program design and code essential?
What is a fundamental characteristic of black box testing?
What is a fundamental characteristic of black box testing?
What is the primary focus of tests written using the black box testing methodology?
What is the primary focus of tests written using the black box testing methodology?
Which black box testing technique is used to validate when a VALUE is between 1 and 100, the system prints 'Pass'?
Which black box testing technique is used to validate when a VALUE is between 1 and 100, the system prints 'Pass'?
In the context of black box testing, which technique involves testing values directly on, just above, and just below boundaries?
In the context of black box testing, which technique involves testing values directly on, just above, and just below boundaries?
Which testing technique uses tables to represent inputs versus rules, cases, or test conditions?
Which testing technique uses tables to represent inputs versus rules, cases, or test conditions?
Which testing technique is used for system behaviors that are triggered by changes to the input conditions?
Which testing technique is used for system behaviors that are triggered by changes to the input conditions?
What is the primary goal of White Box testing in software engineering?
What is the primary goal of White Box testing in software engineering?
What type of coverage ensures that every line of code is executed at least once during testing?
What type of coverage ensures that every line of code is executed at least once during testing?
What is the objective of branch coverage in white box testing?
What is the objective of branch coverage in white box testing?
Which type of coverage in white box testing requires the most comprehensive testing effort?
Which type of coverage in white box testing requires the most comprehensive testing effort?
What is the aim of a 'Test to pass (Happy scenario)' during the development of test cases?
What is the aim of a 'Test to pass (Happy scenario)' during the development of test cases?
What is the primary goal of 'Test to fail (Bad scenario)' test cases?
What is the primary goal of 'Test to fail (Bad scenario)' test cases?
What is the main purpose of the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)?
What is the main purpose of the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)?
What does the Software Testing Life Cycle (STLC) consist of?
What does the Software Testing Life Cycle (STLC) consist of?
How does the V model organize software development and testing activities?
How does the V model organize software development and testing activities?
Which combination of A and B will satisfy both the IF conditions in the following code?
INPUT A & B
C = A + B
IF C>100
PRINT “ITS DONE”
END IF
IF A>50
PRINT "ITS PENDING"
END IF
Which combination of A and B will satisfy both the IF conditions in the following code?
INPUT A & B
C = A + B
IF C>100
PRINT “ITS DONE”
END IF
IF A>50
PRINT "ITS PENDING"
END IF
Which combination of A and B ensures that only “ITS DONE” is printed in the following code?
INPUT A & B
C = A + B
IF C>100
PRINT “ITS DONE”
END IF
IF A>50
PRINT "ITS PENDING"
END IF
Which combination of A and B ensures that only “ITS DONE” is printed in the following code?
INPUT A & B
C = A + B
IF C>100
PRINT “ITS DONE”
END IF
IF A>50
PRINT "ITS PENDING"
END IF
Which option for A and B will result in executing all lines of code?
INPUT A & B
C = A + B
IF C>100
PRINT “ITS DONE”
END IF
Which option for A and B will result in executing all lines of code?
INPUT A & B
C = A + B
IF C>100
PRINT “ITS DONE”
END IF
In the snippet, which values for Testcase_01 will evaluate the "FALSE" condition?
INPUT A & B
C = A + B
IF C>100
PRINT “ITS DONE”
Else
print "Its Pending"
In the snippet, which values for Testcase_01 will evaluate the "FALSE" condition?
INPUT A & B
C = A + B
IF C>100
PRINT “ITS DONE”
Else
print "Its Pending"
How many test cases will be required to ensure maximum coverage in the snippet?
INPUT A & B
C = A + B
IF C>100
PRINT “ITS DONE”
END IF
IF A>50
PRINT "ITS PENDING"
END IF
How many test cases will be required to ensure maximum coverage in the snippet?
INPUT A & B
C = A + B
IF C>100
PRINT “ITS DONE”
END IF
IF A>50
PRINT "ITS PENDING"
END IF
Flashcards
Software Testing
Software Testing
A method to check if the actual software product matches expected requirements and is defect-free.
Why is testing important?
Why is testing important?
To find and correct defects, satisfy user needs, avoid user-detected problems, and ensure quality products.
Objectives of Testing
Objectives of Testing
Ensure requirements match customer needs, define and prevent defects, ensure quality, and generate high-quality test cases.
Why Software Has Bugs
Why Software Has Bugs
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What is a Bug?
What is a Bug?
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Software Error
Software Error
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Software Bug
Software Bug
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Software Fault
Software Fault
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Software Failure
Software Failure
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Unit Testing
Unit Testing
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Integration Testing
Integration Testing
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System Testing
System Testing
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Black Box Testing
Black Box Testing
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White Box Testing
White Box Testing
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Equivalence Partitioning
Equivalence Partitioning
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Boundary Value Analysis
Boundary Value Analysis
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Decision Table Testing
Decision Table Testing
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State Transition Testing
State Transition Testing
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White Box Testing Goal
White Box Testing Goal
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Statement Coverage
Statement Coverage
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Branch Coverage
Branch Coverage
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Path Coverage
Path Coverage
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What is SDLC
What is SDLC
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What is STLC
What is STLC
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Study Notes
Documentation Types
- User documentation is one type
- Technical documentation is another type
- Marketing documentation completes the list
Software Testing
- Software Testing checks if the actual software product aligns with expected requirements
- It ensures the software is free of defects
Why Testing Matters
- Testing finds and fixes defects
- It verifies users’ needs are met
- Testing avoids users detecting problems, and delivers quality products
Objectives of Software Testing
- Testing ensures requirements match customer needs
- It defines and prevents defects
- Testing ensures high quality and generates test cases
Why Software Has Bugs
- Miscommunication or a lack of communication causes bugs
- This can cause unclear points about an application should or shouldn't do
- Time pressure contributes to bugs
- Programming mistakes and changing requirements contribute to bugs
Common Misunderstandings About Software Testing
- Testing is not just debugging
- Assuming careful programmers negate the need for testing is wrong
- Testing isn't limited to after coding
- Testing is ongoing
- Testing involves creativity and isn't solely manual
Bugs
- A bug is any deviation of the actual result from the expected result
Types of Errors
- Error: A human action producing an incorrect result that causes a fault
- Bug: The presence of an error at the time software is executed
- Fault: A state of software caused by an error
- Failure: Deviation from the expected result, viewed as an event
Software Error Considerations
- For any integer n, square (n) = n*n
- Correct result of running square(2) is 4
- Fault/Bug is returning x2 instead of xx
- Failure happens when square(3) returns 6
Software Quality
- Testers must ensure that 100% of the software works correctly and is error-free
- There is always a possibility that testers will miss bugs
- Testing is unable to cover 100% of possible software operations
Types of Software Testing in Engineering
- Functional Testing: includes unit, integration, and UAT (user acceptance testing)
- Non-Functional Testing: performance, usability, and scalability
- Maintenance: regression and maintenance testing
Testing Methodologies
- Black box testing doesn't need internal program design knowledge
- Black box tests are based on requirements and functionality
- White box testing requires knowledge of internal program design and code
- White box tests are based on coverage of code statements, branches,paths, and conditions
Black Box Testing
- Black box testing is for functional and non-functional testing
- Black box requires no reference to the system's internal structure
Black Box Testing Techniques
- Equivalence Partitioning (EP): If VALUE is between 1 and 100, print 'Pass'
- Boundary value analysis (BVA): If VALUE is between 1 and 100 (inclusive), print 'Pass', test values just above and below the boundaries
- Decision Table Testing: Used for different input combinations, tabular representation of inputs versus rules/cases/test conditions
- State Transition Testing: Outputs are triggered by input condition changes, execute valid and invalid state transitions
White Box Testing
- White box testing uses the internal structure of the component or system
White Box Testing Techniques
- The goal of White Box testing in software engineering is to verify all decision branches, loops, and statements in the code
- Statement Coverage: Only one test case is needed to check all code lines, i.e., TestCase_01 (A=40 and B=70)
- Branch Coverage: Evaluates "FALSE" conditions, ensures maximum coverage, i.e., TestCase_01: A=33, B=45 and TestCase_02: A=25, B=30
- Path Coverage: Tests complex code snippets involving loop statements or loop combinations with decision statements; maximum coverage requires 4 test cases
Test Case Objectives
- Test to pass (Happy scenario): Assures software minimally works and apples simple, straightforward test cases
- Test to fail (Bad scenario): Chooses test cases to show weaknesses in the software, designs test cases to break the software
SDLC and STLC
- SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle): Sequence of activities by developers to design and develop high-quality software
- STLC (Software Testing Life Cycle): Series of activities by testers to methodologically test software products
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